FMD

UNLABELLED: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which typically occurs in women at low risk of atherosclerosis. We herein report a case of SCAD in a 57-year-old man who later developed Takayasu arteritis. The patient presented to our hospital complaining of chest pain and was diagnosed with unstable angina. Emergent coronary angiography was performed, and optical coherence tomography revealed that ACS was caused by SCAD. The patient was treated medically without further ballooning or stenting...

Chiari malformation (CM) is a common neurological disorder with foramen magnum decompression (FMD) as a commonly accepted treatment. The authors present a case of CM-1 wherein there was no radiological instability preoperatively and FMD was done as a treatment, after which the patient improved transiently only to deteriorate further. Atlantoaxial fixation was done as a second-stage procedure, after which the patient improved clinically and radiologically. The knowledge of this case and surgical entity should be borne in mind before the formulation of a treatment plan...

Chinese forest musk deer (FMD), an endangered species, have exhibited low reproductive rates even in captivity due to stress conditions. Investigation revealed the presence of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), an environmental endocrine disruptor, in the serum and skin of captive FMDs. Feeding FMDs with maslinic acid (MA) has been observed to alleviate the stress response and improve reproductive rates, although the precise molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the alleviation of DEHP-induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in primary peritubular myoid cells (PMCs) through MA intake...

We aimed to identify different trajectories of remnant cholesterol (RC) and investigate the association of RC trajectories with vascular endothelial function and atherosclerosis progression in a longitudinal cohort of the Chinese population. A total of 521 participants were included in the flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) subcohort study, and 7775 participants were included in the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) subcohort study. All participants had ≥ 3 medical examinations during the 10-year follow-up period...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a vesicular disease of cloven-hoofed animals with devastating economic implications. The current FMD vaccine, routinely used in enzootic countries, requires at least 7 days to induce protection. However, FMD vaccination is typically not recommended for use in non-enzootic areas, underscoring the need to develop new fast-acting therapies for FMD control during outbreaks. Interferons (IFNs) are among the immune system's first line of defense against viral infections. Bovine type III IFN delivered by a replication defective adenovirus (Ad) vector has effectively blocked FMD in cattle...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Endothelial dysfunction has been widely recognized in chronic airway diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma; however, it remains unclear in asthma-COPD overlap (ACO). Neopterin (NP), a metabolite of guanosine triphosphate, is a novel biomarker for identifying the increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. This study aims to investigate the association of NP with endothelial dysfunction and impaired lung function in COPD, asthma, and ACO patients...

Whether mice can be used as a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) model has been debated for a long time. However, the major histocompatibility complex between pigs and mice is very different. In this study, the protective effects of FMD vaccines in different animal models were analyzed by a meta-analysis. The databases PubMed, China Knowledge Infrastructure, EMBASE, and Baidu Academic were searched. For this purpose, we evaluated evidence from 14 studies that included 869 animals with FMD vaccines. A random effects model was used to combine effects using Review Manager 5...

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INTRODUCTION: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has gained attention as a potential therapeutic agent for improving endothelial function. Several randomized clinical trials have investigated CoQ10 supplementation's effect on endothelial function. However, these studies have yielded conflicting results, therefore this systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. AIM: This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on endothelial factors...

OBJECTIVE: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease in ruminants that causes significant economic losses worldwide. However, the prevalence of FMD virus (FMDV) in small ruminants has been overlooked in Pakistan. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of FMD in sheep and goats in the border area between Pakistan and Afghanistan. ANIMALS: 800 sheep and goats belongs to age groups of 6 month to > 2 years. METHODS: A total of 800 serum samples were collected from sheep (n = 424) and goats (n = 376) and subjected to structural protein (SP) and 3ABC non-SP (NSP) ELISAs for the detection of antibodies against SP and NSP of the FMDV...

The use of virus-neutralizing (VN) and nonstructural protein (NSP) antibody tests in a serosurveillance program for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) can identify pig herds that are adequately vaccinated, with a high percentage of pigs with VN positive antibody titers; these tests can also help identify pigs with NSP-positivity that have previously been or are currently infected even in vaccinated herds. To identify infected herds and manage infection, the combination of VN and NSP antibody tests was used in Taiwan's serosurveillance program implemented simultaneously with the compulsory FMD vaccination program...

PURPOSE: Postmenopausal women experience augmented aortic hemodynamic responses to isometric handgrip (IHG) exercise and metaboreflex activation post-exercise muscle ischemia (PEMI). Relationships between endothelial function brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and aortic stiffness carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) with aortic pulsatile hemodynamics during IHG and PEMI have not been determined. The relationships between aortic hemodynamic responses to PEMI were evaluated...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We investigated whether dietary interventions, i.e. a fasting mimicking diet (FMD, Prolon®) or glycocalyx mimetic supplementation (EndocalyxTM ) could stabilize microvascular function in Surinamese South-Asian patients with type 2 diabetes (SA-T2DM) in the Netherlands, a patient population more prone to develop vascular complications. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A randomized, placebo controlled, 3-arm intervention study was conducted in 56 SA-T2DM patients between 18 and 75 years old, for 3 consecutive months, with one additional follow up measurement 3 months after the last intervention...

INTRODUCTION: An increasing number of studies have investigated the effect of exercise on flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), while the findings were controversial. The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of exercise on FMD in T2DM patients, and the secondary aim was to investigate the optimal type, frequency, session duration, and weekly time of exercise for T2DM patients. METHODS: Searches were conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and EBSCO databases...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an infectious disease of cloven-hoofed animals, including buffalo, cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs, causing major economic losses to the local farmers and, overall, to the national economy of the country. This study aimed to detect FMDV serotypes in year-round FMD outbreaks, hematological and biochemical changes, and oxidative stress in FMDV-infected cattle and buffaloes in the district of Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan, and the socioeconomic impact of FMD outbreaks on farmers...

INTRODUCTION: Single bouts of prolonged bent-legged sitting attenuate popliteal endothelial-dependent vasodilation (as assessed via flow-mediated dilation [FMD]), which is partially attributed to arterial 'kinking'. However, the impact of knee-flexion angle on sitting-induced popliteal FMD is unknown. The objective of this study was to perform separate laboratory and free-living studies to test the hypotheses that: (1) popliteal FMD impairments would be graded between knee flexions at 90° (bent-legged sitting) > 45° > 0° (straight-legged sitting) following a 3-hour bout of sitting; and (2) more habitual time spent bent-legged sitting (< 45°) would be associated with lower FMD...

Foot-and-mouth disease is an extremely infectious and occasionally fatal viral disease with a rapid onset and a short course that affects cloven-hoofed animals and results in considerable financial losses. Today, Foot-and-mouth disease is controlled by traditional inactivated vaccines. Due to the short duration of immunity, a study was conducted for proteins of the virus as well as obtaining immunodominant proteins to design more efficient vaccines against Foot-and-mouth disease virus. This research aims to study the profile of Foot-and-mouth disease virus protein by electrophoresis and identification of the immunodominant proteins...

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an underdiagnosed cause of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) that usually presents in young female patients. Risk factors include female sex, physical and emotional stressors, and fibromuscular dysplasia, and diagnosis is usually made by coronary angiography aided by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) or optical coherence tomography (OCT). While conservative treatment is usually preferred over percutaneous coronary intervention or surgery, medical management of SCAD has been under debate...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Atherosclerosis is accompanied by pre-clinical vascular changes that can be detected using ultrasound imaging. We examined the value of such pre-clinical features in identifying young adults who are at risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). METHODS: A total of 2641 individuals free of ASCVD were examined at the mean age of 32 years (range 24-45 years) for carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid plaques, carotid artery elasticity, and brachial artery flow-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation (FMD)...

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