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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Adolescents with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at significantly greater risk for disordered eating behaviors compared to their peers without T1D. Given that this is a dangerous and potentially lethal combination, this review aims to support pediatric medical providers in increasing competence in identification, assessment, and prevention of disordered eating behaviors in adolescents with T1D. RECENT FINDINGS: This review provides an up-to-date synthesis of unique risk factors for disordered eating behaviors in adolescents with T1D, including the daily diabetes management tasks, effects of insulin on weight and hunger, family conflict, and reinforcement from their environment for disordered behaviors...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Genetic therapies made a significant impact to the clinical course of patients with spinal muscular atrophy and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Clinicians and therapists who care for these patients want to know the changes in respiratory sequelae and implications for clinical care for treated patients. RECENT FINDINGS: Different genetic therapy approaches have been developed to replace the deficient protein product in spinal muscular atrophy and Duchenne muscular dystrophy...

PURPOSE: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of ramp lesions among patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and identify risk factors associated with these lesions. METHODS: A retrospective, multicentre cohort study was conducted using data from the Francophone Arthroscopic Society's registry, including 5359 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction (ACLR) from June 2020 to June 2023. Potential risk factors for ramp lesion such as patient demographics, revision surgery, pivot shift, side-to-side anteroposterior laxity, medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury, lateral meniscal tear and the volume of ligament remnant were evaluated using multivariate regression analyses...

We confirm the previously revised stereochemistry of spiroviolene by X-ray crystallographically characterizing a hydrazone derivative of 9-oxospiroviolane, which is synthesized by hydroboration/oxidation of spiroviolene followed by oxidation of the resultant hydroxy group. An unexpected thermal boron migration occurred during the hydroboration process of spiroviolene that resulted in the production of a mixture of 1α-hydroxyspiroviolane, 9α- and 9β-hydroxyspiroviolane after oxidation. The assertion of the cis -orientation of the 19- and 20-methyl groups provided further support for the revised cyclization mechanism of spiroviolene...

BACKGROUND: As total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) expands to younger patients, it is crucial to weigh the benefits of early intervention against potential complications and implant longevity in patients under 60 years of age. This study examines mid-term outcomes in this patient subset. METHODS: Between 2009 and 2019, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 50 patients (25 male, 25 female) who underwent anatomic TSA (TSA) under the age of 60 with minimum 5 years follow-up...

BACKGROUND: The current rate of organ donation in China falls significantly below the global average and the actual demand. Nursing students play a crucial role in supporting and promoting social and public welfare activities. This study primary aims to analyze the levels of knowledge, attitudes, willingness toward organ donation, and attitudes toward death among nursing students, and investigate the mediating role of attitude in the relationship between knowledge and willingness. The secondary aims to identify factors that may influence the willingness...

BACKGROUND: A total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) system utilizing an inlay glenoid component has been proposed as a means of reducing glenoid component loosening while still providing patients with desirable functional and clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to systematically review current outcomes literature on TSA using an inlay glenoid component. METHODS: A literature search was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Web of Science databases...

Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that directly generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP), provides metabolic intermediates for anabolism, and supports mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. This review addresses recent advances in our understanding of the functions of neuronal glycolysis during the development of neuronal morphogenesis, focusing on the emergent concept that neuronal glycolysis serves local subcellular bioenergetic roles in maintaining neuronal function. The current evidence indicates that glycolysis is subcellularly targeted to specific organelles and molecular machinery to locally supply bioenergetic support for defined subcellular mechanisms underlying neuronal morphogenesis (i...

BACKGROUND: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of East Asian herbal medicine (HM) for iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children and adolescents. METHODS: Twelve electronic databases were searched in 28 May 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of HM in children with IDA. The primary outcome measures for treatment included blood hemoglobin and serum ferritin levels, whereas the secondary outcomes included the total effective rate (TER), incidence of adverse events (AEs), average healing time, and hematologic indicators related to IDA...

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder manifested by recurring unprovoked seizures resulting from an imbalance in the inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters in the brain. The process of epileptogenesis involves a complex interplay between the reduction of inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and the enhancement of excitatory glutamate. Pro-BDNF/p75NTR expression is augmented in both glial cells and neurons following epileptic seizures and status epileptics (SE). Over-expression of p75NTR is linked with the pathogenesis of epilepsy, and augmentation of pro-BDNF/p75NTR is implicated in the pathogenesis of epilepsy...

BACKGROUND: The impact of amphetamine abuse on total hip arthroplasty (THA) outcomes has yet to be studied. As the rates of methamphetamine abuse continue to rise, understanding the risk profile of this population is imperative. This study aims to determine the risk of major surgical and medical complications for those with amphetamine abuse undergoing THA, with the hypothesis that amphetamine abuse carries increased risk. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed with all-claims data files of a large national database querying International Classification of Disease, tenth revision, procedure codes identifying 333,038 primary THA, and 1027 with active amphetamine abuse...

BACKGROUND: There are conflicting reports in the literature regarding the risk of revision after primary total knee replacement (TKR) in obese patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate if body mass index (BMI) influences the risk of revision 3-9 years after primary TKR. METHODS: All patients undergoing a primary TKR in our institution from 2014 to 2018 were included in a retrospective study. The effect of BMI on all-cause revision was estimated in a logistic regression analysis...

This case report highlights the use of an integrated Dual Recording System (iDRS) to document and analyze airway management. The iDRS combines video laryngoscopy and a wide-angle camera to capture dual-view recordings of the larynx and operating room during airway procedures. We utilized this system in a 5-month-old boy with a difficult airway who underwent pulmonary artery banding under general anesthesia. Retrospective video analysis showed discrepancies between written information and iDRS video findings, including differences in the desaturation cause, description of airway procedures, and effectiveness of interventions...

OBJECTIVE: The reported date in the repeat surgical intervention for adolescent lumbar disc herniation (ALDH) after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) was quite scarce. This study aims to introduce cases of repeat surgeries after PELD for ALDH and assess the incidence, chief causes, repeat surgery methods, and surgical outcomes of repeat surgeries after PELD for ALDH. METHODS: A retrospective multicenter observational study was conducted on patients undergoing repeat surgeries after PELD for ALDH at four tertiary referral hospitals from January 2014 through August 2022...

BACKGROUND: Obesity substantially contributes to the onset of acute pancreatitis (AP) and influences its progression to severe AP. Although body mass index (BMI) is a widely used anthropometric parameter, it fails to delineate the distribution pattern of adipose tissue. To circumvent this shortcoming, the predictive efficacies of novel anthropometric indicators of visceral obesity, such as lipid accumulation products (LAP), cardiometabolic index (CMI), body roundness index (BRI), visceral adiposity index (VAI), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), and Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI) were examined to assess the severity of AP...

BACKGROUND: Many adolescents experience depression that often goes undetected and untreated. Identifying children and adolescents at a high risk of depression in a timely manner is an urgent concern. While the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) is widely utilized in China, it lacks a localized revision or simplified version. With its 27 items requiring professional administration, the original CDI proves to be a time-consuming method for predicting children and adolescents with high depression risk...

BACKGROUND: The devastating health, economic, and social consequences of COVID-19 may harm the already vulnerable groups, particularly people with severe psychiatric disorders (SPDs). The present study was conducted to investigate the anxiety response of patients with SPDs during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A total of 351 patients with SPDs [Schizophrenia Spectrum (SSD), Bipolar (BD), Major Depressive (MDD), and Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD) Disorders] and healthy controls in Guilan province, Iran, throughout 2021-2022 were included in this cross-sectional analytical study...

BACKGROUND: Children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer often experience psychological distress, encompassing anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of these conditions among Omani children and adolescents diagnosed with cancer, alongside identifying contributing factors. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2021 to June 2023 among a cohort of Omani children and adolescents (6-18 years old) diagnosed with cancer at three primary cancer referral centres in Oman...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical and radiological outcomes of a short stem reverse shoulder prosthesis with metaphyseal fixation specifically in older patients. METHODS: All patients, older than 70 years, submitted to a Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty (RSA) using a cementless onlay short stem (Aequalis Ascend™ Flex Convertible Shoulder System (Stryker®)) from January 2017 to December 2021, with a minimum follow-up of 2 years, were included...

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of burnout syndrome in physicians working in Spain through a systematic review with meta-analysis METHOD: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO (up to June 2023). Observational studies conducted in Spain reporting the prevalence of burnout in physicians were included. From each study, methodological characteristics and results were extracted, and their quality was evaluated. We performed a narrative synthesis with random effects meta-analysis to calculate proportions...