Adult male anorexia nervosa eating disorders

PURPOSE: To determine sex differences in and associations between zinc deficiency and anemia among adolescents and young adults hospitalized for medical complications of eating disorders. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical records of 601 patients aged 9-25 years admitted to the University of California, San Francisco Eating Disorders Program for medical instability, between May 2012 and August 2020. Descriptive statistics, crude, and adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess the association between zinc deficiency (< 55 mcg/dL) and anemia (< 13...

Evidence accumulates that, with close medical monitoring and phosphate supplementation, higher-caloric re-alimentation protocols beginning at 2000 kcal/day (HCR) are not associated with an increased incidence of electrolyte abnormalities in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) but rather result in faster weight gain. These studies are still scant and have largely been performed in adults or moderately malnourished adolescents. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of patients with AN aged 12-20 years and with a body mass index (BMI) &lt; 15 kg/m2 alimented according to a standardized treatment protocol in a German clinic specialized in AN was conducted...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the current study was to examine the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among adults with eating disorders (EDs), to assess whether experiencing a greater number of ACEs is associated with more severe ED psychopathology, and to determine whether ACEs predict treatment outcome. METHOD: Participants were 1819 patients (88.5% female, ages 18-72) admitted to one of two treatment facilities at inpatient, residential, or partial hospitalisation levels of care...

OBJECTIVE: To determine sex differences in refeeding (i.e., short-term nutritional rehabilitation) outcomes among hospitalized adolescents and young adults with eating disorders. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical records of 601 patients aged 9-25 years admitted to the University of California, San Francisco Eating Disorders Program for medical and nutritional management between May 2012 and August 2020. Descriptive statistics, crude, and adjusted linear regression models were used to assess the association between sex and nutritional outcomes and predictors of length of stay...

OBJECTIVE: Data regarding clinical characteristics in males with AN are limited. We aimed to delineate clinical, biochemical, and hematological features in community-dwelling adolescent and young adult males with AN. METHOD: A retrospective chart review of electronic medical records from 2000 to 2016 was conducted for 53 males aged 10-23 years old; AN (n = 36) and healthy controls (n = 17) were similar for Tanner stage. RESULTS: Adolescent and young adult males with AN were diagnosed at a mean age of 15...

(1) Background: The integrated approach to the prevention and treatment of eating disorders (EDs) requires knowledge and can be used only when specific risk factors are known. The aim of this study was to examine the differences in food choices and eating behavior between males and females; (2) Methods: This study comprised 148 females and 27 males aged from 18 to 26-years-old (MEAN ± SD = 21.4 ± 1.86 years old). Information about EDs was obtained from four different measures: the body mass index (BMI), the eating disorder screen for primary care (ESP), a standardized and validated questionnaire called "My Eating Habits" and the food frequency questionnaire with 10 answers (FFQ-10); (3) Results: The risk for developing eating disorders was detected in nearly 67% of respondents...

BACKGROUND: About half of Swedish eating disorder patients report exercising compulsively and compulsive exercise (CE) is prevalent in all diagnoses and both genders. Yet there are no systematic treatments targeting CE in specialist care. This study aims to evaluate the effects of The CompuLsive Exercise Activity TheraPy (LEAP) - a promising group treatment targeting compulsive exercise, in Swedish eating disorder patients. METHOD: One hundred twenty-eight adult females and males suffering from anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa or other specified feeding and eating disorders (type 1, 2, or 4) with CE will be recruited via four specialist eating disorder treatment units...

OBJECTIVE: We assessed the detection, treatment and outcomes of DSM-5 eating disorders in a nationwide community setting. METHOD: The FinnTwin12 cohort comprises twins born in 1983-1987 in Finland (n = 5,600), with follow-up starting at age 12. We outline treatment and outcomes of the 127 females and 15 males diagnosed with a lifetime DSM-5 eating disorder in interviews conducted for a subsample (n = 1,347) in their early 20s. RESULTS: Only 45 (32%) of those diagnosed with eating disorder in the interviews had their condition detected in healthcare, and even fewer received treatment (30% of females, 13% of males)...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: No treatment for adult anorexia nervosa (AN) has shown sufficient effectiveness or superiority to other treatments. Overcontrol has been suggested as a viable mechanism to target in the treatment of patients with AN. Radically open dialectical behavior therapy (RO DBT) is developed for disorders related to maladaptive overcontrol. Our objective was to evaluate the outcome of RO DBT for AN in a clinical outpatient setting. METHODS: Thirteen adult female patients with mild to moderate AN provided written consent and entered a multiple baseline single-case experimental design study...

BACKGROUND: Anorexia Nervosa (AN) is a complex psychiatric disorder that can lead to specific somatic complications. Heart abnormalities are frequently reported, while their frequency and associated factors in severely malnourished AN patients remain poorly defined. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to characterize echocardiographic abnormalities in severely malnourished AN patients and to assess associated clinical, biological and related body composition features. METHODS: Between January 2013 and January 2015, all severely malnourished adult patients with AN (Mental Disorders, 4th Edn...

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious eating disorder characterized by self-starvation and excessive weight loss. Several studies support the idea that life stressors during the postnatal period could play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of AN, underlying the multifactorial etiology of this disease. The activity-based anorexia (ABA) animal model mimics core features of the mental disorder, including severe food restriction, weight loss, and hyperactivity. Previous results obtained in our lab showed that maternal separation (MS) induces behavioral changes in anorexic-like ABA rats in a sexually dimorphic way: in females, the MS promoted hyperactivity and a less anxious-like phenotype in ABA animals; in males, instead, the MS attenuated the anxiolytic effect of the ABA protocol...

BACKGROUND: Eating disorders (ED) have increasingly become a global topic of concern for public health. A better understanding of ED incidence is a basic requirement for improving its management. However, the temporal trend of ED incidence in China is still unknown. METHODS: The incidence rates of ED from 1990 to 2017 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 database according to the following: subtype, i.e. anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN); sex; and age group...

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the lifetime prevalence, 10-year incidence, and peak periods of onset for eating disorders as defined by the Fifth Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) among adolescents and young adults born in the 1980s in Finland. METHOD: Virtually all Finnish twins born in 1983-1987 (n = 5,600) were followed prospectively from the age of 12 years. A subsample of participants (n = 1,347) was interviewed using a semi-structured diagnostic interview in their early twenties...

PURPOSE: The objective of the study was to examine (1) the effect of restrictive eating disorders (EDs) on growth and pubertal development in children and young people (CYP) and (2) potential reversibility of this with recovery and associated factors. EDs can impact growth and puberty in CYP, but reports have conflicted over effect on height and permanence of growth impairment and pubertal delay. METHODS: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis, searching PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Web of Science from May 31, 2018, to inception...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We review research related to sex differences in eating disorders (EDs) in adolescents. Prior work has explored clinical differences; thus, we examine literature in areas identified as playing an etiological or maintenance role in EDs including: genetics, hormones, neurocognitive inefficiencies, and reward circuitry. RECENT FINDINGS: Sex steroids appear to a play role in the unmasking of genetic risk for development of EDs and puberty may be a heightened period of risk for females...

OBJECTIVE: Nationwide data on eating disorders (EDs) among East Asian populations are scarce. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, incidence, and psychiatric comorbidities of EDs in Taiwan. METHOD: Drawing from the National Health Research Institute database, we identified the study subjects aged 11-34 years who received an ED diagnosis during ambulatory visits or hospitalization from 2001 to 2012. We analyzed the subjects by age and gender. Diagnoses for comorbid psychiatric disorders were entered in the analysis only if they occurred within 1 year before or after the ED diagnosis date...

OBJECTIVE: This study examined whether patterns of eating-disorder (ED) psychopathology differed by gender across DSM-5 severity specifiers in anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). METHOD: We tested whether ED psychopathology differed across DSM-5 severity specifiers among 532 adults (76% female) in a residential treatment center with AN or BN. We hypothesized that severity of ED psychopathology would increase in tandem with increasing severity classifications for both males and females with AN and BN...

Previous research has shown that men are more stigmatizing than women toward individuals with eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa and muscle dysmorphia. We hypothesized that previously observed sex differences in eating disorders' stigmatization are driven by sex differences in individuals' levels of conformity to masculine and feminine gender norms. Young adults ( N = 545) completed validated measures of conformity to masculine and feminine norms and were then randomly assigned to read a character description of a male or female individual with anorexia or muscle dysmorphia...

Gelatinous bone marrow transformation (GTBM) also known as serous atrophy is a degenerative change in the hematopoietic bone marrow and is a rare well recognized pathological entity. It was earlier described mainly in association with anorexia nervosa and psychiatric eating disorders, but recently it has been reported in ulcerative colitis, tuberculosis, chronic renal diseases, immuno suppressed states (mainly HIV infection), malignancies and Kala azar. Treatment is based on treating the underlying disease...

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the prevalence and incidence of traditional eating disorders (EDs, e.g., anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder (BED)) in individuals with childhood onset neuropsychiatric disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of EDs and eating pathology in young adults and adults with ADHD and/or ASD, and to investigate the relationship between EDs and associated symptoms, on the one hand, and other psychiatric disorders, intelligence, and BMI, on the other hand, in this population...