Adult male anorexia nervosa eating disorders

PURPOSE: The main purpose of the article is to present basic theoretical assumptions on Schema Therapy and its hypothetical application among adolescents suffering with anorexia nervosa. VIEWS: Anorexia nervosa is a very deadly mental disease, more frequently suffered by females than males, with the mean age of onset at approximately 14-15. Studies underline the relatively poor effectiveness of currently applied treatment methods and the need for new approaches that could be recommended for adolescent patients suffering with this disease...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics of male adolescents and young adults hospitalized for medical complications of atypical anorexia nervosa (atypical AN) and to compare their clinical characteristics with females with atypical AN and males with anorexia nervosa (AN). METHOD: A retrospective review of electronic medical records for patients with atypical AN and AN aged 9-25 admitted to the UCSF Eating Disorders Program from May 2012 to August 2020 was conducted...

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare engagement for anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) in a large, geographically diverse population. METHOD: This repeated monthly, cross-sectional study queried Military Health System records of individuals aged 10-21 before and during the pandemic (February 2019-January 2022). ICD-10 codes identified encounters for AN and BN. Monthly rates of care were modeled as the number of unique individuals with an ICD-10-identified eating disorder-related encounter per month divided by the enrolled population...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGES: Limited studies on AN in Africa, including Ethiopia. Internet and media have changed body image portrayal in developing countries. A need for a multidisciplinary approach to treatment, training on positive coaching styles, and future research. ABSTRACT: The Global Burden of Disease had estimated anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa to be 13.6 million people. The lifetime prevalence of AN ranges from 2.4 to 4.3 percent. During their lifetime, up to 4% of females and up to 0...

BACKGROUND: Some preliminary research suggests higher rates of gastrointestinal disease in individuals with eating disorders (EDs). However, research is limited, and it remains unknown what etiologic factors account for observed associations. This was the first study to examine how EDs and dimensional ED symptoms (e.g. body dissatisfaction, binge eating) are phenotypically and etiologically associated with gastrointestinal disease in a large, population-based twin sample. METHODS: Adult female ( N = 2980) and male ( N = 2903) twins from the Michigan State University Twin Registry reported whether they had a lifetime ED (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge-eating disorder) and completed a measure of dimensional ED symptoms...

OBJECTIVE: To determine sex differences in cholesterol and triglyceride levels among adolescents and young adults hospitalized for medical complications of eating disorders. METHODS: A retrospective electronic medical record review of patients aged 9-25 years admitted to the University of California, San Francisco Eating Disorders Program for medical stabilization, between 2012 and 2020, was conducted. Non-fasting total cholesterol and triglycerides were collected; however, LDL and HDL levels were not available...

INTRODUCTION: The duration of untreated illness (DUI), that is, the interval between the onset of anorexia nervosa (AN) symptoms and start of specialized treatments, has a strong influence on the prognosis. OBJECTIVE: To quantify modifiable predictors of the DUI and to derive recommendations for secondary prevention strategies. METHODS: Within a multicenter, multi-informant study, DUI was assessed in interviews with patients undergoing first specialized AN treatment...

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the role of overlapping traits and characteristics related to autism spectrum disorder (autism) and anorexia nervosa (AN) in the general population, and the impact of these traits on mentalising ability. METHODS: A sample of young adults (N = 306), aged 18-25 years, was recruited to complete an online study that consisted of 4 measures: the Autism-Spectrum Quotient, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, the Mentalization Scale, and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes task...

BACKGROUND: New recommendations for assessment of malnutrition and sarcopenia include body composition, specifically reduced muscle mass. Three-dimensional optical imaging (3DO) is a validated, accessible and affordable alternative to dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). OBJECTIVE: Identify strengths and weaknesses of 3DO for identification of malnutrition in participants with low Body Mass Index (BMI) and eating disorders. DESIGN: Participants were enrolled in the cross-sectional Shape Up! Adults and Kids studies of body shape, metabolic risk, and functional assessment and had BMI <20 kg/m2 in adults or <85% of median BMI (mBMI) in children and adolescents...

OBJECTIVE: To identify ketamine's dosing schedule that ameliorates voluntary food restriction, hyperactivity and body weight loss of adult mice undergoing activity-based anorexia (ABA), an animal model of anorexia nervosa. METHOD: Female and male C57BL6 mice underwent three cycles of ABA, starting from mid-adolescence. ABA vulnerability was compared within and across two groups of animals: those injected intraperitoneally with 30 mg/kg ketamine for three consecutive days (30mgKetx3) during the second ABA in late adolescence (ABA2) or with vehicle only (Vx3)...

BACKGROUND: Eating disorders affect millions of people worldwide, but most never receive treatment. The majority of clinical research on eating disorders has focused on individuals recruited from treatment settings, which may not represent the broader population of people with eating disorders. This study aimed to identify potential differences in the characteristics of individuals with eating disorders based on whether they self-reported accessing treatment or not, in order to contribute to a better understanding of their diverse needs and experiences...

Eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by severe disturbances in eating behaviors and can sometimes be fatal. Eating disorders are also associated with distressing thoughts and emotions. They can be severe conditions affecting physical, psychological, and social functions. Preoccupation with food, body weight, and shape may also play an important role in the regulation of eating disorders. Common eating disorders have three major types: anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED)...

Eating disorders (EDs), including anorexia nervosa (AN), are severe psychological disorders that affect individuals' eating behaviours and body perception. Previous research has shown that people with EDs often report poorer sleep. Some literature has suggested that it is mood dysregulation that mediates the link between EDs and sleep. However, the majority of previous studies only focused on females, while male ED patients have been overlooked. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationships between EDs, mood, and sleep among male ED patients...

Anorexia nervosa is a prevalent eating disorder often accompanied by various medical complications, along with increased liver serum enzymes, especially transaminases. Here, we describe the case of an adult male patient admitted to a general hospital. The patient presented with malnourishment arising from AN and severely affected liver function tests.

IMPORTANCE: Eating disorders lead to increased mortality and reduced quality of life. While the acute presentations of eating disorders frequently involve electrolyte abnormalities, it remains unknown whether electrolyte abnormalities may precede the future diagnosis of an eating disorder. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether outpatient electrolyte abnormalities are associated with the future diagnosis of an eating disorder. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-level case-control study used provincial administrative health data for residents of Ontario, Canada aged 13 years or older from 2008 to 2020...

BACKGROUND: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the most prevalent comorbidities in anorexia nervosa (AN). As AN is a severe, life-threatening condition, reducing obsessive-compulsive symptomatology is not the primary objective during treatment of AN and, thus, these symptoms may remain unchanged or may even increase in terms of a "symptom shift". METHODS: In this retrospective analysis, we examined clinical records of 149 adolescents (n = 96, 64%) and adults (n = 53, 36%) with AN (6 males, 4%) who received inpatient treatment and completed the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised at admission and discharge...

PURPOSE: Medical complications of eating disorders in males are understudied compared to females, as is the case of vitamin D deficiency. The aim of this study was to assess vitamin D levels among male and female adolescents and young adults hospitalized for medical complications of eating disorders. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical records of patients aged 9-25 years (N = 565) admitted to the University of California, San Francisco Eating Disorders Program for medical instability, between May 2012 and August 2020...

PURPOSE: To determine sex differences in and associations between zinc deficiency and anemia among adolescents and young adults hospitalized for medical complications of eating disorders. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical records of 601 patients aged 9-25 years admitted to the University of California, San Francisco Eating Disorders Program for medical instability, between May 2012 and August 2020. Descriptive statistics, crude, and adjusted logistic regression models were used to assess the association between zinc deficiency (< 55 mcg/dL) and anemia (< 13...

Evidence accumulates that, with close medical monitoring and phosphate supplementation, higher-caloric re-alimentation protocols beginning at 2000 kcal/day (HCR) are not associated with an increased incidence of electrolyte abnormalities in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) but rather result in faster weight gain. These studies are still scant and have largely been performed in adults or moderately malnourished adolescents. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of patients with AN aged 12-20 years and with a body mass index (BMI) &lt; 15 kg/m2 alimented according to a standardized treatment protocol in a German clinic specialized in AN was conducted...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the current study was to examine the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among adults with eating disorders (EDs), to assess whether experiencing a greater number of ACEs is associated with more severe ED psychopathology, and to determine whether ACEs predict treatment outcome. METHOD: Participants were 1819 patients (88.5% female, ages 18-72) admitted to one of two treatment facilities at inpatient, residential, or partial hospitalisation levels of care...