Tinea infections

The cutaneous fungal infections in male genitalia are relatively rare, and often present with various atypical clinical symptoms. It was mainly reported in a small number of case reports, while data with large number of patients were rarely reported. In this study, we reported 79 male patients with cutaneous fungal infections on scrotum or penis. The fungal infections were confirmed by microscopic examination directly and fungus culture. Clinical characteristics and predisposing factors were also collected...

A 40-year-old woman developed an itchy, expanding cutaneous lesion with two erythematous rings after visiting Senegal. Fungal culture revealed Microsporum audouinii, a fungus causing tinea corporis or capitis commonly in Africa but increasingly reported in outbreaks in Europe.

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UNLABELLED: Few researchers believe that various risk factors may complicate the course of dermatophytosis and/or develop various dermatoses unrelated to fungal infection at the previous lesion site. However, there is a paucity of studies that analyzed the diagnosis of lesions that recurred at the treated site of dermatophytosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted on 157 cases of dermatophytosis with positive fungal test results...

Tinea capitis is a common fungal infection of the scalp, primarily affecting children, and caused by fungi like Trichophyton and Microsporum . Its pathogenesis is influenced by both host-specific and environmental factors, resulting in various clinical presentations including hair loss and scaling of the scalp. We present the case of an eight-year-old male with tinea capitis, characterized by itching and hair loss in the occipital area. Examination revealed characteristic findings on trichoscopy, and direct examination of hair confirmed parasitization...

Pityriasis versicolor (PV) also referred to as Peter Elam's disease or tinea versicolor is caused by the Malassezia species which is a chronic-relapsing widespread mycosis. The most common sites involved are the shoulders, upper arms, back, upper trunk, and chest. Atrophying PV is a very rare variant that has rarely been reported in the Indian literature. Hence, in this case report, a 29-year-old male presented with chief complaints of multiple asymptomatic, light-colored lesions over his chest, shoulder, and arms for three months...

Secondary bacterial infections of common dermatoses such as atopic dermatitis, ectoparasitosis, and varicella zoster virus infections are frequent, with Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes being the bacteria most involved. There are also Gram-negative infections secondary to common dermatoses such as foot dyshidrotic eczema and tinea pedis. Factors favoring secondary bacterial infections in atopic dermatitis, ectoparasitosis, and varicella zoster virus infections mainly include an epidermal barrier alteration as well as itch...

Dermatophytes, fungi specialized in keratin degradation, are key agents in skin infections, commonly referred to as tineas. Tinea manuum, affecting the hands, typically presents in noninflammatory or inflammatory forms, with ulcerative manifestations rarely reported. Nannizzia gypsea , a relatively uncommon cause of tineas, exhibits variable prevalence influenced by geographic factors. This study investigates a case of Ulcerative Unilateral Tinea Manuum caused by N. gypsea , aiming to explore the differential diagnosis, pathogenesis, and management...

Trichophyton indotineae (TI) has emerged as a novel dermatophyte species causing treatment recalcitrant skin infections. While the earliest reports came from India, TI has now spread to many parts of the world and is rapidly becoming a global health concern. Accurate identification of TI requires elaborate mycological investigations not in the domain of routine microbiology laboratories. Extensive, non-inflammatory and atypical presentations are commonly seen with this novel species. TI shows an alarmingly high rate of mutations in the squalene epoxidase gene leading to lowered invitro susceptibility to terbinafine...

This case report describes a rare occurrence of tinea capitis kerion type caused by Nannizzia gypsea in three siblings. The clinical presentation included pseudo-alopecic plaques with a dirty appearance, erythema, and honey-like crusts. A direct examination revealed ecto-endothrix parasitization in the hair shaft. Shared use of a comb among the siblings was suspected as the mode of transmission. Treatment with oral terbinafine resulted in a complete resolution. Systematic epidemiological surveys on N. gypsea tinea infections are scarce, and preliminary data from our center indicated a higher prevalence...

BACKGROUND: Epidermophyton floccosum (E. floccosum), an anthropophilic dermatophyte, is the primary causative agent of skin conditions such as tinea cruris, tinea pedis and tinea corporis. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and characteristics of E. floccosum-induced dermatophytosis, with particular emphasis on the types of infections and demographic profiles. METHODS: In this retrospective study, patient records from the dermatology outpatient clinic were scrutinized, covering the timeframe from January 2009 to December 2020...

Tinea capitis is a common fungal infection caused by dermatophytes in children, but it is rare in infants. Although oral itraconazole has been widely used to treat tinea capitis, its use in infants is limited due to its low prevalence in this age group. A previous study reported the effectiveness of itraconazole continuous therapy in treating infantile tinea capitis caused by Microsporum canis. However, this approach has not been extended to tinea capitis caused by other fungi. In this study, we present four cases of infantile tinea capitis treated with continuous itraconazole oral solution therapy (5 mg/kg/day)...

BACKGROUND: Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail unit that affects a large patient population globally. Onychomycosis, or tinea unguium, has a benign chronic clinical course; however, it can cause complications in certain patient populations suffering from diabetes and peripheral vascular disease. As nails grow slowly, onychomycosis requires a lengthy treatment plan, and choosing appropriate treatments can be challenging. There are a variety of treatment modalities available for patients including topical, oral, laser, light therapy, procedures such as avulsion and matrixectomy, supplements, over-the-counter medication, and plasma therapy that can be used as monotherapy or in combination for patient satisfaction...

Dermatophytoses are fungal infections of the skin, hair, and nails that affect approximately 25% of the global population. Occlusive clothing, living in a hot humid environment, poor hygiene, proximity to animals, and crowded living conditions are important risk factors. Dermatophyte infections are named for the anatomic area they infect, and include tinea corporis, cruris, capitis, barbae, faciei, pedis, and manuum. Tinea incognito describes steroid-modified tinea. In some patients, especially those who are immunosuppressed or who have a history of corticosteroid use, dermatophyte infections may spread to involve extensive skin areas, and, in rare cases, may extend to the dermis and hair follicle...

The emerging pathogen Trichophyton indotineae, often resistant to terbinafine (TRB), is known to cause severe dermatophytoses such as tinea corporis and tinea cruris. In order to achieve successful treatment for these infections, insight in the resistance profile of T. indotineae strains and rapid, reliable identification is necessary. In this research, a screening medium was tested on T. indotineae strains (n = 20) as an indication tool of TRB resistance. The obtained results were confirmed by antifungal susceptibility testing (AST) for TRB following the in vitro broth microdilution reference method...

We describe a case of tinea genitalis in an immunocompetent woman in Pennsylvania, USA. Infection was caused by Trichophyton indotineae potentially acquired through sexual contact. The fungus was resistant to terbinafine (first-line antifungal) but improved with itraconazole. Clinicians should be aware of T. indotineae as a potential cause of antifungal-resistant genital lesions.

Tinea capitis, a common cutaneous fungal infection, shows an increasing prevalence with the increasing number of pets. We present tinea capitis in a 4-year-old girl presenting without typical symptoms such as alopecia or hair breakage. After a comprehensive evaluation including dermoscopy, Wood's light, direct KOH fluorescent staining, scanning electron microscopy, fungal culture and mass spectrometry analysis, a diagnosis of tinea capitis infected Microsporum canis carried by domestic cats was made. We preliminarily explored the two modes of hair erosion by tinea capitis fungi and analyzed the possibility of the feature in this case...

A Filipino woman in her forties had facial erythema that was being self-treated with over-the-counter (OTC) drugs purchased outside of Japan. The drugs included clobetasol propionate, antibiotic, and antifungal components. Her facial erythema symptoms were worse during summertime. KOH direct examination of annular erythema was positive for fungal hyphae and negative for Demodex folliculorum. Fungal culture revealed Trichophyton indotineae based on internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis. Minimal inhibitory concentration for terbinafine was 0...

Microsporum canis is a type of dermatophyte that causes zoonotic dermatophytosis in cats and dogs. We report three cases of tinea corporis due to M. canis from a single household with a domestic cat as a pet. The cases included a woman in her thirties (mother), a girl in her teens (older sister), and a girl in her teens (younger sister). Following sudden hair loss in the domestic cat, annular erythema with pruritus and scales appeared on the face, neck, and limbs of the older sister, younger sister, and mother, sequentially; they subsequently visited our hospital...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Tinea incognita (TI), or the other equivalent tinea atypica, is a term used to declare the atypical presentation of dermatophyte infections caused by the administration of steroids or other immunosuppressive medications which modulate the local and systemic immune response. It can mimic other dermatoses; hence making diagnostic challenges for dermatologists. Tina incognita may be misdiagnosed as many dermatoses. Based on previous studies, corticosteroids may cause different clinical manifestations of dermatophytes that might be very different from those that are commonly described...