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Aging can cause degenerative changes in multiple tissues and organs. Gastrointestinal diseases and dysfunctions are common in the elderly population. In this study, we investigated the effects of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide (APS) and Astragalus membranaceus ethanol extract (AEE) on age-related intestinal dysfunction and gut microbiota dysbiosis in naturally aging mice. The energy expenditure and physical activity of 23-month-old C57BL6/J mice were recorded using a metabolic cage system. Pathological changes in the intestine were evaluated using Alcian blue staining...

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible molecular mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves flavonoids (SSF) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The active ingredients of SSF and their targets were identified via network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis. To test the successful establishment of a rat model of AD by Aβ25-35 combined with RHTGF- β 1 and AlCl3 , the Morris water maze test was used. To intervene, three different doses of SSF were administered. The model group and the control group were included among the parallel groups...

The handshake between the complex networks of matrix components in the tumor micro-environment (TME) is considered as a crucial event in the progression of several cancers including cervical carcinoma (CC). A number of studies report a connection between epidermal growth factor (EGF) and matrix component production. Studies demonstrate that the mechano-transduction trigger by collagen, influences the tumor cells to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and block the entry of drugs. We hypothesize that the intervention to prevent EGF triggered deposition of matrix components could sensitize several therapies for CC cells...

Liver regeneration after liver tumor resection or liver transplantation is crucial, the remaining liver frequently fails to regenerate in some patients. Oleanolic acid (OA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound which has been shown to protect against various liver diseases. However, the effect of OA on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PHx) is still unclear. In this study, the results showed that OA (50 mg/kg, twice daily) treatment induced liver mass restoration and increased the liver-to-body weight ratio of mice following PHx...

Adverse drug effects on immune system function represent a significant concern in the pharmaceutical industry, because 10-20% of drug withdrawal from the market is attributed to immunotoxicity. Immunosuppression is one such adverse effect. The traditional immune function test used to estimate materials' immunosuppression is T cell dependent antibody response (TDAR). This method involves a 28-day in vivo study evaluating the animal's antibody titer to a known antigen (Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin; KLH) with and without challenge...

The hippocampal dentate gyrus, responds to diverse pathological stimuli through neurogenesis. This phenomenon, observed following brain injury or neurodegeneration, is postulated to contribute to neuronal repair and functional recovery, thereby presenting an avenue for endogenous neuronal restoration. This study investigated the extent of regenerative response in hippocampal neurogenesis by leveraging the well-established kainic acid-induced status epilepticus model in vivo. In our study, we observed the activation and proliferation of neuronal progenitors or neural stem cell (NSC) and their subsequent migration to the injury sites following the seizure...

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Isthmic progenitors, tissue-specific stem cells in the stomach corpus, maintain mucosal homeostasis by balancing between proliferation and differentiation to gastric epithelial lineages. The progenitor cells rapidly adopt an active state in response to mucosal injury. However, it remains unclear how the isthmic progenitor cell niche is controlled during the regeneration of damaged epithelium. METHODS: We recapitulated tissue recovery process after acute mucosal injury in the mouse stomach...

BACKGROUND: Cognitive dysfunction (CD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized primarily by the decline of learning and memory abilities. The physiological and pathological mechanisms of CD are very complex, which is mainly related to normal function of the hippocampus. Lancao decoction (LC) is a Chinese medicine formula, which has been used to treat neurodegenerative disorders. However, the potential of LC for the treatment of CD, as well as its underlying mechanisms, is unclear...

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by persistent damage to the intestinal barrier and excessive inflammation, leading to increased intestinal permeability. Current treatments of IBD primarily address inflammation, neglecting epithelial repair. Our previous study has reported the therapeutic potential of notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), a characteristic saponin from the root of Panax notoginseng, in alleviating acute colitis by reducing mucosal inflammation. In this study we investigated the reparative effects of NGR1 on mucosal barrier damage after the acute injury stage of DSS exposure...

Salidroside, a principal bioactive component of Rhodiola crenulata, is neuroprotective across a wide time window in stroke models. We investigated whether salidroside induced neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia and aimed to identify its primary molecular targets. Rats, subjected to transient 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), received intraperitoneal vehicle or salidroside ± intracerebroventricular HSC70 inhibitor VER155008 or TrkB inhibitor ANA-12 for up to 7 days. MRI, behavioural tests, immunofluorescent staining and western blotting measured effects of salidroside...

Introduction: Based on extensive data from oncology research, the use of phytochemicals or plant-based nutraceuticals is considered an innovative tool for cancer management. This research aimed to analyze the oncostatic properties of Salvia officinalis L. [Lamiaceae; Salviae officinalis herba] using animal and in vitro models of breast carcinoma (BC). Methods: The effects of dietary administered S. officinalis in two concentrations (0.1%/SAL 0.1/and 1%/SAL 1/) were assessed in both syngeneic 4T1 mouse and chemically induced rat models of BC...

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the biocompatibility of AgNPs-doped Ti6Al4V surfaces, by evaluating the viability and proliferation rate of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) -as dominant cells of peri-implant soft tissues- seeded on the modified surfaces. MATERIALS AND METHODS: AgNPs of 8 and 30nm size distributions were incorporated onto Ti6Al4V specimen surfaces by electrochemical deposition, using colloid silver dispersions with increasing AgNP concentrations of 100, 200 and 300 ppm...

l-methionine (L-met) is a substantial non-polar amino acid for normal development. L-met is converted to homocysteine that leads to hyperhomocysteinemia and subsequent excessive homocysteine in serum resulting in stimulating oxidative stress and vascular dementia. Several studies have found that hyperhomocysteine causes neuronal cell damage, which leads to memory impairment. Caffeic acid is a substrate in phenolic compound discovered in plant biosynthesis. Caffeic acid contains biological antioxidant and neuroprotective properties...

Historically hematopoietic stem cells are believed to be predominantly dormant but could be induced into active cell cycle under specific conditions. This review, coupled with years of research from our laboratory, challenges this belief by demonstrating a significant portion of hematopoietic stem cells are actively cycling rather than quiescent. This addresses a major heuristic error in the understanding of hematopoietic stem cells which has shaped this field for decades. By evaluating the cycle status of engraftable hematopoietic stem cells in whole unseparated bone marrow, we demonstrated that a significant portion of these cells are actively cycling, and further confirmed by tritiated thymidine suicide and BrdU labeling assays...

Lgl1 protein plays a critical role in neurodevelopment, including hippocampus, olfactory bulb, and Purkinje cell. However, the specific mechanism of LGL1 function in the midbrain remains elusive. In this study, we generated Lgl1 conditional knockout mice using Pax2-Cre, which is expressed in the midbrain, and examined the functions of Lgl1 in the midbrain. Histological analysis exhibited abnormal midbrain development characterized by enlarged ventricular aqueduct and thinning tectum cortex. Lgl1 deletion caused excessive proliferation and heightened apoptosis of neural progenitor cells in the tectum of LP cko mice...

BACKGROUND: The effect of DOCK1 gene on the biological behavior of endometrial carcinoma cells and its related pathway has not been reported. METHODS: The immunohistochemical method and western blot were utilized to analyze DOCK1 protein expression in endometrial tissues and cells, respectively. CCK-8, BrdU, transwell and flow cytometry were performed to analyze the effect of DOCK1 expression changes on the viability, proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis of endometrial cancer cells, respectively...

OBJECTIVES: Aging and excessive fat intake may additively induce dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and intestinal inflammatory damage. Here, we analyzed microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal injury in high-fat diet-loaded senescence-accelerated mice (SAMP8). Additionally, we examined whether treatment with molecular hydrogen could improve the intestinal environment. METHODS: SAMP8 and SAMR1 (control) mice were first fed a normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 wk (n = 10 each group)...

KDM4C is implicated in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and maintenance in various stem cell types. However, its function in neural stem cells (NSCs) remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of KDM4C in NSCs. Primary hippocampal NSCs were isolated from neonatal mice, and both in vivo and in vitro lentivirus-mediated overexpression of KDM4C were induced in these hippocampal NSCs. Staining results revealed a significant increase in BrdU- and Ki-67-positive cells, along with an elevated number of cells in S phases due to KDM4C overexpression...

BACKGROUND: Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a major source of morbidity and mortality after stroke, but the pathological mechanisms remain unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated that the CX3CR1 receptor plays a crucial role in maintaining an early protective microenvironment after stroke, but whether it persistently influences cognitive dysfunction in the chronic phase requires further investigation. METHODS: Mouse was used to establish a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)/reperfusion model to study PSCI...

CONTEXT: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (or thyrotropin) receptor (TSHR) could be a selective target for small molecule ligands to treat thyroid cancer (TC). OBJECTIVE: We report a novel, orally efficacious ligand for TSHR that exhibits proliferation inhibitory activity against human TC in vitro and in vivo, and inhibition of metastasis in vivo. DESIGN: A35 (NCATS-SM4420; NCGC00241808) was selected from a sub-library of >200 TSHR ligands. Cell proliferation assays including BrdU incorporation and WST-1, along with molecular docking studies were done...