keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38003707/the-response-of-antioxidant-enzymes-and-antiapoptotic-markers-to-an-oral-glucose-tolerance-test-ogtt-in-children-and-adolescents-with-excess-body-weight
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Efthymia Katsa, Eirini Kostopoulou, Tzortzis Nomikos, Anastasios Ioannidis, Vasileios Sarris, Spyridon Papadogiannis, Bessie E Spiliotis, Andrea Paola Rojas Gil
Oxidative stress and apoptosis are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-related diseases. This observational study investigates the antioxidant and apoptotic markers response to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in a population of overweight children and adolescents, with normal (NGT) or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Glucose, insulin, and C-peptide concentrations, as well as oxidative stress (SOD, GPx3) and apoptotic markers (Apo1fas, cck18), were determined at T = 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min after glucose intake during OGTT...
November 20, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37972573/urinary-bisphenol-a-bpa-and-bis-2-ethylhexyl-phthalate-dehp-metabolite-concentrations-in-children-with-obesity-a-case-control-study
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Annalisa Deodati, Giorgia Bottaro, Daniela Germani, Fabrizia Carli, Sabrina Tait, Luca Busani, Veronica Della Latta, Anna Paola Pala, Francesca Maranghi, Roberta Tassinari, Amalia Gastaldelli, Cinzia La Rocca, Stefano Cianfarani
Introduction Obesity is a worldwide public health problem. Experimental animal and in vitro studies suggest that the exposure to BPA and phthalates are associated to a higher risk of obesity. Objective To determine urinary excretion of bisphenol A and phthalates in obese and normal weight children. Methods A case-control study was conducted in 122 children. Sixty-six obese children 36 girls (mean age 8.41±1.27 years) and 30 boys (mean age 8.51 ± 1.33 years), and 56 normal weight children, 27 girls (mean age 7...
November 16, 2023: Hormone Research in Pædiatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37908575/beneficial-effects-of-setmelanotide-in-a-5-year-old-boy-with-pomc-deficiency-and-on-his-caregivers
#23
Beatrice Dubern, Alexandre Lourdelle, Karine Clément
The melanocortin-4 receptor agonist setmelanotide is now recommended for the treatment of genetic obesity due to proopiomelanocortin (POMC), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 (PCSK1), or leptin receptor (LEPR) deficiency in patients aged 6 years and older. Here, we describe the clinical benefit of setmelanotide administration in a 5-year-old child with severe hyperphagia and obesity due to POMC deficiency. Daily administration of 0.5 mg setmelanotide for 12 months resulted in significant weight loss of -30 kg from baseline (-36% of weight loss) and improvements in hyperphagia and metabolic status...
May 2023: JCEM Case Rep
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37901192/the-association-of-adipokines-and-myokines-in-the-blood-of-obese-children-and-adolescents-with-lipoprotein-lipase-rs328-gene-variants
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander V Shestopalov, Vadim V Davydov, Genrik T Tumanyan, Elena D Teplyakova, Tatiana P Shkurat, Elena V Mashkina, Mikhail A Shkurat, Andrey M Gaponov, Anastasia A Sadova, Olga V Borisenko, Sergey A Roumiantsev
Obesity develops largely due to genetic factors, with the genetic polymorphism of lipid metabolism enzymes being of particular importance. However, it is still unclear how the genetic variants of one of the key enzymes in lipid transport, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), are associated with the endocrine function of mesenchymal tissues in obesity. The current study was aimed at the investigation of the LPL rs328 gene variant association with adipokines and myokines levels, as well as lipid metabolism indices in the blood of children and adolescents of both genders with obesity...
2023: Journal of Obesity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37877373/the-n221d-variant-in-pcsk1-is-highly-prevalent-in-childhood-obesity-and-can-influence-the-metabolic-profile
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Blanca Guijo, Jesús Argente, Gabriel Ángel Martos-Moreno
OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence and influence on metabolic profile of the prohormone-convertase-1 (PCSK1) N221D variant in childhood obesity, proven its role in the leptin-melanocortin signaling pathway as in proinsulin and other prohormone cleavage. PATIENTS & METHODS: Transversal study of 1066 children with obesity (mean age and BMI Z-score 10.38 ± 3.44 years and +4.38 ± 1.77, respectively), 51.4 % males, 54.4 % prepubertal, 71...
October 26, 2023: Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism: JPEM
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37860221/circulating-levels-of-leptin-and-lipocalin-2-in-patients-with-x-linked-hypophosphatemia
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christine A Simpson, Anna Maria Santoro, Thomas O Carpenter, Yanhong Deng, Stephen Parziale, Karl L Insogna
Individuals with X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) are at greater risk for being overweight or obese. Whether there are underlying metabolic abnormalities that put patients with XLH at greater risk for excessive weight gain is largely unknown. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) has recently received attention as a factor regulating energy consumption and specifically is postulated to be anorexigenic and to improve insulin sensitivity. In a retrospective study, circulating levels of LCN2, leptin, and insulin were measured in 32 patients with XLH, ages 2-60 years, all of whom were being treated with burosumab, and 38 control subjects...
October 9, 2023: Journal of the Endocrine Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37859518/leptin-resistance-in-children-with-in-utero-exposure-to-maternal-obesity-and-gestational-diabetes
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alysha B Everett, W Timothy Garvey, Jose R Fernandez, Kirk Habegger, Lorie M Harper, Ashley N Battarbee, Samantha L Martin, Bethany A Moore, Amelia E Fouts, Jessica Bahorski, Paula C Chandler-Laney
BACKGROUND: Leptin resistance occurs with obesity, but it is unknown if individuals at risk for obesity develop leptin resistance prior to obesity. OBJECTIVE: Investigate whether leptin resistance is independent of weight status in children at risk for obesity due to intrauterine exposure to maternal obesity or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS: Mother-child dyads (N = 179) were grouped by maternal pregnancy weight and GDM status: (1) normal weight, no GDM; (2) overweight/obesity, no GDM; (3) overweight/obesity with GDM...
October 20, 2023: Pediatric Obesity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37836591/alterations-in-appetite-regulating-hormones-in-girls-with-central-early-or-precocious-puberty
#28
REVIEW
Galateia Stathori, Anastasia-Maria Tzounakou, George Mastorakos, Nikolaos F Vlahos, Evangelia Charmandari, Georgios Valsamakis
The prevalence of central precocious puberty (CPP) in girls has increased worldwide and is often associated with obesity in childhood as well as high fat/high glycemic index diets. Evidence suggests that subjects with obesity present with alterations in appetite-regulating hormones. The arcuate and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus are the centers of action of appetite hormones, as well as the location of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons, the activation of which results in the onset of puberty...
October 9, 2023: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37832180/role-of-insulin-resistance-and-leptin-in-the-effect-of-intermittent-feeding-with-a-high-protein-ketogenic-diet-on-body-composition-in-rats
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gul Eyikudamaci, Hasan Ege, Nihal Ensen, Nermin Yelmen
OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of obesity and overweight in children has been increasing rapidly worldwide and threatens society with various chronic diseases that these children are born with. High-protein ketogenic diets and intermittent nutrition are thought to be protective against obesity and metabolic syndrome MetS. However, the exact effects and results, insulin resistance, and the role of leptin in the functioning mechanism of these diets have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of insulin resistance and leptin hormone on the effects of body composition with a high-protein ketogenic diet and intermittent nutrition combination...
January 2024: Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37800756/does-acupuncture-improve-the-metabolic-outcomes-of-obese-overweight-children-and-adolescents-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tingwei Quan, Qi Su, Yu Luo, Xin Su, Qiuxuan Chen, Jingjun Yang, Hongzhen Tang
BACKGROUND: Although increasing evidence has revealed the efficacy of acupuncture in obesity/overweight, actual improvement in metabolism in children and adolescents is unclear. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate this correlation. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted using multiple databases, including Medline, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, and Wan-fang Data, to identify relevant randomized controlled trials published before February 1, 2023...
October 6, 2023: Medicine (Baltimore)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37789370/breast-feeding-obesity-and-asthma-association-clinical-and-molecular-views
#31
REVIEW
Naghmeh Kian, Alireza Bagheri, Fardis Salmanpour, Afsaneh Soltani, Zahra Mohajer, Noosha Samieefar, Behzad Barekatain, Roya Kelishadi
Asthma is a chronic condition that affects children worldwide. Accumulating number of studies reported that the prevalence of pediatric obesity and asthma might be altered through breastfeeding. It has been proposed that Leptin, which exists in human milk, is oppositely associated with weight increase in newborns. It may also influence peripheral immune system by promoting TH1 responses and suppressing TH2 cytokines. Leptin influences body weight and immune responses through complex signaling pathways at molecular level...
October 3, 2023: Clinical and Molecular Allergy: CMA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37763090/childhood-and-adolescent-obesity-with-somatic-indicators-of-stress-inflammation-and-dysmetabolism-before-and-after-intervention-a-meta-analysis
#32
REVIEW
Konstantina Dragoumani, Andreas Troumbis, Flora Bacopoulou, George Chrousos
There have been numerous attempts to establish a correlation between obesity and stress, inflammatory, and dysmetabolism biomarkers in children and adolescents. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of existing studies to shed light on the elusive correlations of childhood and adolescent obesity with physiological indicators of stress, inflammation, and metabolism before and after lifestyle interventions. Observational studies, meta-analyses, narrative and systematic reviews were excluded. From a total of 53 articles, 11 were selected according to specific criteria...
August 28, 2023: Journal of Personalized Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37725322/a-comprehensive-review-of-genetic-causes-of-obesity
#33
REVIEW
Marcio José Concepción-Zavaleta, Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave, María Del Carmen Durand-Vásquez, Elman Rolando Gamarra-Osorio, Juan Del Carmen Valencia de la Cruz, Claudia Mercedes Barrueto-Callirgos, Susan Luciana Puelles-León, Elena de Jesús Alvarado-León, Frans Leiva-Cabrera, Francisca Elena Zavaleta-Gutiérrez, Luis Alberto Concepción-Urteaga, José Paz-Ibarra
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease with a high, increasing worldwide prevalence. Genetic causes account for 7% of the cases in children with extreme obesity. DATA SOURCES: This narrative review was conducted by searching for papers published in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase and SciELO databases and included 161 articles. The search used the following search terms: "obesity", "obesity and genetics", "leptin", "Prader-Willi syndrome", and "melanocortins"...
September 19, 2023: World Journal of Pediatrics: WJP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37684563/oral-probiotics-increased-the-proportion-of-treg-tfr-and-breg-cells-to-inhibit-the-inflammatory-response-and-impede-gestational-diabetes-mellitus
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weijie Liang, Yuanyi Feng, Dongmei Yang, Jiajun Qin, Ximei Zhi, Wen Wu, Qiang Jie
BACKGROUND: Children of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are more prone to acquire type 2 diabetes and obesity as adults. Due to this link, early intervention strategies that alter the gut microbiome may benefit the mother and kid long-term. This work uses metagenomic and transcriptome sequencing to investigate how probiotics affect gut microbiota dysbiosis and inflammation in GDM. METHODS: GDM and control metagenomic sequencing data were obtained from the SRA database...
September 8, 2023: Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37670877/bioleptin-as-a-useful-marker-of-metabolic-status-in-children-with-diabetes-mellitus-type-1
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katarzyna Jakubek-Kipa, Sabina Galiniak, Katarzyna Łagowska, Izabela Krupa, Aleksandra Ludwin, Jacek Tabarkiewicz, Artur Mazur
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of our study was tomeasure the level of leptin and biologically active leptin (bioLEP) in children with type 1 diabetes, depending on the duration of diabetes and its degree of metabolic control. METHODS: The study included 94 children (58 boys and 36 girls). In a group of children with diabetes, 40 patients were newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, 40 children who have diabetes for more than a year (20 with good metabolic control and 20 with poor metabolic control)...
2023: Frontiers in Endocrinology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37659411/high-morbidity-and-mortality-in-children-with-untreated-congenital-deficiency-of-leptin-or-its-receptor
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sadia Saeed, Roohia Khanam, Qasim M Janjua, Jaida Manzoor, Lijiao Ning, Sharoon Hanook, Mickaël Canouil, Muhammad Ali, Hina Ayesha, Waqas I Khan, I Sadaf Farooqi, Giles S H Yeo, Stephen O'Rahilly, Amélie Bonnefond, Taeed A Butt, Muhammad Arslan, Philippe Froguel
The long-term clinical outcomes of severe obesity due to leptin signaling deficiency are unknown. We carry out a retrospective cross-sectional investigation of a large cohort of children with leptin (LEP), LEP receptor (LEPR), or melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) deficiency (n = 145) to evaluate the progression of the disease. The affected individuals undergo physical, clinical, and metabolic evaluations. We report a very high mortality in children with LEP (26%) or LEPR deficiency (9%), mainly due to severe pulmonary and gastrointestinal infections...
August 29, 2023: Cell reports medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37647022/longitudinal-effects-of-fto-gene-polymorphism-on-body-composition-cardiorespiratory-fitness-physical-activity-inflammatory-markers-and-cardiovascular-risk-in-children-and-adolescents-the-up-down-study
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julián Mier-Mota, Jesús G Ponce-González, Alejandro Perez-Bey, Verónica Cabanas-Sánchez, Oscar Veiga-Núñez, Catalina Santiago-Dorrego, Félix Gómez-Gallego, José Castro-Piñero
The role of polymorphism rs9939609 of the FTO gene has been related with fat mass and cardiovascular risk in adults, but it remains unclear in children and adolescents. Hence, the main aim of this study was to determine the FTO polymorphism effects on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), physical activity (PA), inflammatory markers, and cardiovascular risk both in cross-sectional analysis and after two-years of follow-up in children and adolescents. A total of 2129 participants were included in this study...
August 30, 2023: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37607976/rare-genetic-forms-of-obesity-in-childhood-and-adolescence-a-comprehensive-review-of-their-molecular-mechanisms-and-diagnostic-approach
#38
REVIEW
Francesca Mainieri, Saverio La Bella, Marta Rinaldi, Francesco Chiarelli
Obesity represents a major health problem in the pediatric population with an increasing prevalence worldwide, associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, and due to both genetic and environmental factors. Rare forms of obesity are mostly monogenic, and less frequently due to polygenic influence. Polygenic form of obesity is usually the common obesity with single gene variations exerting smaller impact on weight and is commonly non-syndromic.Non-syndromic monogenic obesity is associated with variants in single genes typically related to the hypothalamic leptin-melanocortin signalling pathway, which plays a key role in hunger and satiety regulation, thus body weight control...
August 23, 2023: European Journal of Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37550829/the-lncob-rs10487505-polymorphism-impairs-insulin-sensitivity-and-glucose-tolerance-in-children-and-adolescents-with-obesity
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giuseppina Rosaria Umano, Grazia Cirillo, Gianmaria Sanchez, Giulia Rondinelli, Maria Vittoria Foderini, Serena Ferrara, Anna Di Sessa, Pierluigi Marzuillo, Alfonso Papparella, Nicola Santoro, Emanuele Miraglia Del Giudice
OBJECTIVE: Leptin plays a key role in the regulation of body weight and other endocrine systems. Recently, impairment of leptin gene transcription due to genetic variations in a long noncoding RNA (lncOb) has been described. This retrospective study aims to characterize the clinical and metabolic phenotype of children and adolescents with obesity who were homozygous for the lncOb rs10487505 leptin lowering allele. METHODS: Enrolled children underwent an anthropometrical evaluation, biochemical assessment, and genotyping for lncOb rs10487505...
August 7, 2023: Obesity
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37542325/effects-of-probiotic-administration-on-overweight-or-obese-children-a-meta-analysis-and-systematic-review
#40
REVIEW
Ya Li, Tonghua Liu, Lingling Qin, Lili Wu
BACKGROUND: This paper aimed to examine the effects of probiotics on eight factors in overweight or obese children by meta-analysis, namely, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), adiponectin, leptin and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and summarize the mechanisms of action of probiotics based on the existing researches. METHODS: Six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, SinoMed and CNKI) were searched until March 2023...
August 4, 2023: Journal of Translational Medicine
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