keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38432414/longitudinal-study-of-cognitive-decline-among-women-with-and-without-urinary-incontinence
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachel A High, Miriam Alvarez, Brachel Champion, Jennifer Anger, Victoria L Handa
BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional and short-term cohort studies have demonstrated an association between urinary incontinence and dementia as well as lower performance on cognitive testing. The Health and Retirement Study, a longitudinal study of community-dwelling older adults, offers an opportunity to assess the temporal association between these conditions, as this study included an assessment of incontinence symptoms as well as biennial assessments of cognitive function. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate if urinary incontinence before age 70 had an effect on changes in cognitive function among women participating in the Health and Retirement Study...
March 1, 2024: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38431050/effect-of-corticosteroids-on-long-term-humoral-and-memory-t-cell-responses-in-follow-up-visit-of-hospitalized-covid-19-patients
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yeming Wang, Li Guo, Guohui Fan, Yang Han, Qiao Zhang, Weiyang Wang, Lili Ren, Hui Zhang, Geng Wang, Xueyang Zhang, Tingxuan Huang, Lan Chen, Lixue Huang, Xiaoying Gu, Dan Cui, Xinming Wang, Jingchuan Zhong, Ying Wang, Hui Li, Chaolin Huang, Jianwei Wang, Bin Cao
BACKGROUND: Corticosteroids have demonstrated their beneficial effects in improving outcomes in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 by suppressing excessive immune responses. However, the effect of corticosteroids on the humoral and T cell responses of COVID-19 survivors one year after infection remains uncertain, as it relates to the extent of immediate, antigen-specific defense provided by protective memory. RESEARCH QUESTION: What's the effect of corticosteroids on long-term humoral and T cell immune responses? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study conducted at a single center, we analyzed data from a post-COVID cohort to compare the one-year seropositivity and titers change of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies...
February 29, 2024: Chest
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38428561/ocean-carbon-emission-prediction-and-management-measures-based-on-artificial-intelligence-remote-sensing-estimation-in-the-context-of-carbon-neutrality
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bin Wang, Lijuan Hua, Amal M Al-Mohaimeed, Ning Zhao
With rapid economic development, the gradual deterioration of the natural environment has posed unprecedented challenges to human social civilization. The marine economy, as an important part of economic development, is the breakthrough of economic transformation for many coastal countries. Additionally, green development and environmental impact assessment have become the focus of research in these countries. This study employs remote sensing technology, an efficient observational method, to significantly enhance the efficiency of ocean information observation...
February 28, 2024: Environmental Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38427474/the-effect-of-apathy-and-depressive-syndromes-on-functional-outcomes-in-alzheimer-s-disease
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Progress Njomboro, Tlholego Lekhutlile
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Its initially characterized by progressive short-term memory loss followed by cross-domain cognitive decline in later stages resulting in significant functional deficits and loss of activities of daily living (ADLs) independence. Apathy and depression are frequent neuropsychiatric sequelae in AD, but their contribution to functional deficits is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to quantitatively investigate if apathy and depressive symptoms predict ADLs in AD...
February 26, 2024: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease: JAD
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38426867/short-term-vascular-responses-to-spring-and-fall-daylight-savings-time-shifts
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dara Al-Bakry, Chloe E Athaide, Rishiga Pathmarajan, Tara Kuhn, Laura E Middleton, Jason S Au
Daylight saving time (DST) is a Western biannual time transition, setting the clock back one hour in the fall and forward one hour in the spring. There is an epidemiological link between DST and acute myocardial infarction risk in the first week following the spring shift; however, the mechanisms underlying the effect of DST on cardiovascular function remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the short-term cardiovascular changes induced by fall and spring shifts in DST in a convenience sample of healthy adults...
March 1, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38424410/pragmatic-skills-in-late-adulthood
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Alice Baraldi, Filippo Domaneschi
Research investigating pragmatic abilities in healthy aging suggests that both production and comprehension might be compromised; however, it is not clear how pragmatic abilities evolve in late adulthood, as well as when difficulties are more likely to arise. The aim of this study is to investigate the decline of pragmatic skills in aging, and to explore what cognitive and demographic factors support pragmatic competence. We assessed pragmatic production skills, including discourse abilities such as speech, informativeness, information flow, paralinguistic aspects, as well as the ability to produce informative descriptions of pictures, and pragmatic comprehension skills, which encompassed the ability to understand discourse and the main aspects of a narrative text, to infer non-literal meanings and to comprehend verbal humor in a group of elderly individuals and in a sample of younger participants...
February 29, 2024: Journal of Psycholinguistic Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38420133/empirical-comparison-of-deep-learning-models-for-fnirs-pain-decoding
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raul Fernandez Rojas, Calvin Joseph, Ghazal Bargshady, Keng-Liang Ou
INTRODUCTION: Pain assessment is extremely important in patients unable to communicate and it is often done by clinical judgement. However, assessing pain using observable indicators can be challenging for clinicians due to the subjective perceptions, individual differences in pain expression, and potential confounding factors. Therefore, the need for an objective pain assessment method that can assist medical practitioners. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has shown promising results to assess the neural function in response of nociception and pain...
2024: Frontiers in Neuroinformatics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38416429/cognition-and-memory-after-covid-19-in-a-large-community-sample
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adam Hampshire, Adriana Azor, Christina Atchison, William Trender, Peter J Hellyer, Valentina Giunchiglia, Masud Husain, Graham S Cooke, Emily Cooper, Adam Lound, Christl A Donnelly, Marc Chadeau-Hyam, Helen Ward, Paul Elliott
BACKGROUND: Cognitive symptoms after coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), are well-recognized. Whether objectively measurable cognitive deficits exist and how long they persist are unclear. METHODS: We invited 800,000 adults in a study in England to complete an online assessment of cognitive function. We estimated a global cognitive score across eight tasks. We hypothesized that participants with persistent symptoms (lasting ≥12 weeks) after infection onset would have objectively measurable global cognitive deficits and that impairments in executive functioning and memory would be observed in such participants, especially in those who reported recent poor memory or difficulty thinking or concentrating ("brain fog")...
February 29, 2024: New England Journal of Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38412566/neurodegenerative-effects-of-air-pollutant-particles-biological-mechanisms-implicated-for-early-onset-alzheimer-s-disease
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cindy Gunawan, Charlotte Fleming, Peter J Irga, Roong Jien Wong, Rose Amal, Fraser R Torpy, S Mojtaba Golzan, Kristine C McGrath
BACKGROUND: Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) occurs in 99% of all cases and can be influenced by air pollution such as diesel emissions and more recently, an iron oxide particle, magnetite, detected in the brains of AD patients. However, a mechanistic link between air pollutants and AD development remains elusive. AIM: To study the development of AD-relevant pathological effects induced by air pollutant particle exposures and their mechanistic links, in wild-type and AD-predisposed models...
February 23, 2024: Environment International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38411499/the-anterior-retrosplenial-cortex-is-required-for-short-term-object-in-place-recognition-memory-retrieval-role-of-ionotropic-glutamate-receptors-in-male-and-female-long-evans-rats
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dan L McElroy, Hassaan Sabir, Aiden E Glass, Quentin Greba, John G Howland
The anterior retrosplenial cortex (aRSC) integrates multimodal sensory information into cohesive associative recognition memories. Little is known about how information is integrated during different learning phases (i.e., encoding and retrieval). Additionally, sex differences are observed in performance of some visuospatial memory tasks; however, inconsistent findings warrant more research. We conducted three experiments using the 1-h delay object-in-place (1-h OiP) test to assess recognition memory retrieval in male and female Long-Evans rats...
February 27, 2024: European Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38410616/impact-of-age-on-cognitive-testing-practice-effects-and-cardiorespiratory-responses
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Priyanka M Reddy, Kulsum Abdali, Sarah E Ross, Sandra Davis, Robert T Mallet, Xiangrong Shi
Objective: This study tested the hypothesis that healthy aging attenuates cognitive practice effects and, consequently, limits the familiarity-associated reductions in heart rate (HR) and breathing frequency (BF) responses during retesting. Methods : Twenty-one cognitively normal older and younger adults (65 ± 2 vs. 26 ± 1 years old) participated in the study. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Digit-Span-Test (DST), Trail Making Test (TMT-B), and California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT-II) were administered twice at 3-week intervals, while HR and BF were monitored by electrocardiography and plethysmography, respectively...
2024: Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38406191/effect-of-stress-on-the-rehabilitation-performance-of-rats-with-repetitive-mild-fluid-percussion-induced-traumatic-brain-injuries
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yu-Lin Wang, Chi-Chun Chen, Ching-Ping Chang
Animal models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) have shown that impaired motor and cognitive function can be improved by physical exercise. However, not each animal with TBI can be well rehabilitated at the same training intensity due to a high inter-subject variability. Hence, this paper presents a two-stage wheel-based mixed-mode rehabilitation mechanism by which the effect of stress on the rehabilitation performance was investigated. The mixed-mode rehabilitation mechanism consists of a two-week adaptive and a one-week voluntary rehabilitation program as Stages 1 and 2, respectively...
February 2024: Cognitive Neurodynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38402324/an-improved-sparrow-search-algorithm-and-cnn-bilstm-neural-network-for-predicting-sea-level-height
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao Li, Shijian Zhou, Fengwei Wang, Laiying Fu
Accurate prediction of sea level height is critically important for the government in assessing sea level risk in coastal areas. However, due to the nonlinear, time-varying and highly uncertain characteristics of sea level change data, sea level prediction is challenging. To improve the accuracy of sea level prediction, this paper uses a new swarm intelligence algorithm named the sparrow search algorithm (SSA), which can imitate the foraging behavior and antipredation behavior of sparrows, to determine optimal solutions...
February 24, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38402249/prevalence-and-risk-factors-analysis-of-postpartum-depression-at-early-stage-using-hybrid-deep-learning-model
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Umesh Kumar Lilhore, Surjeet Dalal, Neeraj Varshney, Yogesh Kumar Sharma, K B V Brahma Rao, V V R Maheswara Rao, Roobaea Alroobaea, Sarita Simaiya, Martin Margala, Prasun Chakrabarti
Postpartum Depression Disorder (PPDD) is a prevalent mental health condition and results in severe depression and suicide attempts in the social community. Prompt actions are crucial in tackling PPDD, which requires a quick recognition and accurate analysis of the probability factors associated with this condition. This concern requires attention. The primary aim of our research is to investigate the feasibility of anticipating an individual's mental state by categorizing individuals with depression from those without depression using a dataset consisting of text along with audio recordings from patients diagnosed with PPDD...
February 24, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38402104/a-double-blind-randomised-four-way-crossover-study-to-compare-the-effects-of-fesoterodine-4-and-8-mg-once-daily-and-qxybutynin-5-mg-twice-daily-after-steady-state-dosing-versus-placebo-on-cognitive-function-in-overactive-bladder-wet-patients-over-the-age-of
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saima Rajabali, Prosper Asaana, Sahar Nazari, Adrian Wagg
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There is a reported association between overactive bladder (OAB) treated with antimuscarinic drugs and an increased risk of a dementia diagnosis, although short-term data suggest that newer OAB antimuscarinics are cognitively safe. This study examined the cognitive safety of fesoterodine in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and OAB. METHODS: This four-way randomised crossover study examined the cognitive effects of fesoterodine 4 and 8 mg and oxybutynin 5 mg b...
February 23, 2024: European Urology Focus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38394789/unsupervised-sequence-to-sequence-learning-for-automatic-signal-quality-assessment-in-multi-channel-electrical-impedance-based-hemodynamic-monitoring
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chang Min Hyun, Tae-Geun Kim, Kyounghun Lee
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study proposes an unsupervised sequence-to-sequence learning approach that automatically assesses the motion-induced reliability degradation of the cardiac volume signal (CVS) in multi-channel electrical impedance-based hemodynamic monitoring. The proposed method attempts to tackle shortcomings in existing learning-based assessment approaches, such as the requirement of manual annotation for motion influence and the lack of explicit mechanisms for realizing motion-induced abnormalities under contextual variations in CVS over time...
February 15, 2024: Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38392330/evaluation-of-tacrolimus-adverse-effects-on-zebrafish-in-larval-and-adult-stages-by-using-multiple-physiological-and-behavioral-endpoints
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wen-Wei Feng, Hsiu-Chao Chen, Gilbert Audira, Michael Edbert Suryanto, Ferry Saputra, Kevin Adi Kurnia, Ross D Vasquez, Franelyne P Casuga, Yu-Heng Lai, Chung-Der Hsiao, Chih-Hsin Hung
Tacrolimus (FK506) is a common immunosuppressant that is used in organ transplantation. However, despite its importance in medical applications, it is prone to adverse side effects. While some studies have demonstrated its toxicities to humans and various animal models, very few studies have addressed this issue in aquatic organisms, especially zebrafish. Here, we assessed the adverse effects of acute and chronic exposure to tacrolimus in relatively low doses in zebrafish in both larval and adult stages, respectively...
February 10, 2024: Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38391702/cognitive-motor-training-improves-reading-related-executive-functions-a-randomized-clinical-trial-study-in-dyslexia
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mehdi Ramezani, Angela J Fawcett
Children with developmental dyslexia (DD) often struggle with executive function difficulties which can continue into adulthood if not addressed. This double-blinded randomized clinical trial study evaluated the short-term effects of the Verbal Working Memory-Balance (VWM-B) program on reading-related executive functions, reading skills, and reading comprehension in Persian children with DD. The active control group [12 children with DD with a mean age of 9 years (SD = 0.90)] received training using the single-task VWM program, while the experiment group [15 children with DD with a mean age of 8 years (SD = 0...
January 25, 2024: Brain Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38390239/age-related-differences-in-long-term-potentiation-like-plasticity-and-short-latency-afferent-inhibition-and-their-association-with-cognitive-function
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Lu, Sisi Huang, Tianjiao Zhang, Jie Song, Manyu Dong, Yilun Qian, Jing Teng, Tong Wang, Chuan He, Ying Shen
BACKGROUND: The neurophysiological differences in cortical plasticity and cholinergic system function due to ageing and their correlation with cognitive function remain poorly understood. AIMS: To reveal the differences in long-term potentiation (LTP)-like plasticity and short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) between older and younger individuals, alongside their correlation with cognitive function using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). METHODS: The cross-sectional study involved 31 younger adults aged 18-30 and 46 older adults aged 60-80...
2024: General Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38387384/comparative-study-of-respiratory-sounds-classification-methods-based-on-cepstral-analysis-and-artificial-neural-networks
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abdelkrim Semmad, Mohammed Bahoura
In this paper, we investigated and evaluated various machine learning-based approaches for automatically detecting wheezing sounds. We conducted a comprehensive comparison of these proposed systems, assessing their classification performance through metrics such as Sensitivity, Specificity, and Accuracy. The main approach to developing a machine learning-based system for classifying respiratory sounds involved the combination of a technique for extracting features from an unknown input sound with a classification method to determine its belonging class...
February 20, 2024: Computers in Biology and Medicine
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