Peptic ji

Retrotransposons are viral-like DNA sequences that constitute approximately 41% of the human genome. Studies in Drosophila, mice, cultured cells, and human brain indicate that retrotransposons are activated in settings of tauopathy, including Alzheimer's disease, and causally drive neurodegeneration. The anti-retroviral medication 3TC (lamivudine), a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor, limits retrotransposon activation and suppresses neurodegeneration in tau transgenic Drosophila, two mouse models of tauopathy, and in brain assembloids derived from patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Long-term use of acid suppressants such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine 2 receptor antagonist (H2RA) has been associated with the risk of osteoporotic fracture. Acid suppressants and muco-protective agents (MPAs) are often used together as anti-ulcer agents. We evaluated the association between the risk of osteoporotic fracture and the combined use of these anti-peptic agents. METHODS: A population-based case-control study was conducted by analyzing the Korean National Health Insurance Data from 2014 to 2020...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Acute peptic ulcer bleeding is the most common cause of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB). Endoscopic hemostasis is the standard treatment. However, various conditions complicate endoscopic hemostasis. Transarterial visceral embolization (TAE) may be helpful as a rescue therapy. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with rebleeding after TAE. METHODS: We retrospectively investigated the records of 156 patients treated with TAE between January 2007 and December 2021...

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori infection is an important causal factor of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease and is associated with immune thrombocytopenic purpura and functional dyspepsia. In H pylori strains, point mutations in the 23S rRNA and gyrA genes are associated with clarithromycin resistance and levofloxacin resistance, respectively. Whether the efficacy of molecular testing-guided therapy is non-inferior to that of susceptibility testing-guided therapy for H pylori eradication is unclear...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Although Dieulafoy's lesion (DL) is an important cause of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, few studies have investigated the clinico-epidemiological outcomes due to its rarity. Here, we investigated clinical features of upper GI bleeding caused by peptic ulcer (PU) or DL and compared endoscopic treatment outcomes. METHODS: Patients with upper GI bleeding resulting from PU or DL who visited emergency room between January 2013 and December 2017 were eligible...

BACKGROUND: Marginal ulcer bleeding (MUB) is a complication that can occur following several types of surgery. However, few studies exist on it. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of MUB with those of peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB). METHODS: Between January 2013 and December 2017, 5,076 patients underwent emergent esophagogastroduodenoscopy for suspected upper gastrointestinal bleeding. We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the medical records of MUB and PUB patients and developed a propensity score matching (PSM) method to adjust for between-group differences in baseline characteristics with 1:2 ratios...

The early diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection is important for gastric cancer prevention and treatment. Although endoscopic biopsy is widely used for H. pylori diagnosis, an accurate biopsy cannot be performed until a lesion becomes clear, especially in pediatric patients. Therefore, it is necessary to develop convenient and accurate methods for early diagnosis. FlaA, an essential factor for H. pylori survival, shows high antigenicity and can be used as a diagnostic marker. We attempted to identify effective antigens containing epitopes of high diagnostic value in FlaA...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In the efforts toward reducing bleeding-related mortality, it is crucial to determine the risk factors for rebleeding after endoscopic hemostasis in benign peptic ulcer (BPU). METHODS: Between 2013 and 2017, the medical records of 864 BPU patients were selected from 5076 who had undergone emergency endoscopy for suspected upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients who visited the emergency room or were hospitalized for other illnesses were selected...

Epidemiological studies have suggested the role of multiple genetic and environmental factors in the development of non-neoplastic gastrointestinal (GI) diseases; however, little information is available on these factors in the Korean population. Therefore, this cross-sectional study explored the effect of these factors by analyzing the concordance of several benign GI disorders in 525 monozygotic twins compared to that in 122 dizygotic twins aged >20 years from the Healthy Twin Study data of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (2005-2014)...

Few studies have focused on assessing the usefulness of scoring systems such as the Rockall score (RS), Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS), and AIMS65 score for risk stratification and prognosis prediction in peptic ulcer bleeding patients. This study aimed to assess scoring systems in predicting clinical outcomes of patients with peptic ulcer bleeding. A total of 682 peptic ulcer bleeding patients who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy between January 2013 and December 2017 were found eligible for this study...

Background: Bismuth quadruple (BQ) therapy is known to have poor patient compliance and a complex dosing method, and no appropriate third-line regimen exists if second-line BQ therapy fails. In Korea, some alternative regimens have shown unsatisfactory eradication rates. Therefore, we investigated the success rates of the second-line moxifloxacin-rifabutin triple (MRT) regimen and compared it with BQ regimen in subgroup analysis of peptic ulcer patients. Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective study of 71 patients who underwent a second-line MRT for Helicobacter pylori after failing to clarithromycin triple regimen...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Peptic ulcer disease is a common digestive system disease. However, whether peptic ulcer disease and obesity are related is unclear. We assessed the associations of obesity and metabolic status with peptic ulcer disease. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 3561 individuals from the Wuwei cohort. We evaluated the associations of general and abdominal adiposity, as defined by different anthropometric indices, with peptic ulcer disease...

This study aimed to detect safety signals of rebamipide and search for adverse events (AEs) of rebamipide that are more common than those of other drugs for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in the elderly population. A total of 101,735 AE reports for drugs used to treat PUD and GERD between 2009 and 2018 from the KIDS-KAERS database (KIDS-KD) were used. Disproportionality analysis was performed to calculate the proportional reporting ratio (PRR), reporting odds ratio (ROR), and information component (IC)...

Peptic ulcer disease is the most common benign cause of gastric outlet obstruction, in which mechanical obstruction occurs in the distal stomach, pylorus, or duodenum. We describe a case of gastric outlet obstruction induced by duodenal ulcer showing irregular pyloric wall thickening with marked enhancement on contras-enhanced CT and increased FDG uptake of the pyloric wall on FDG PET/CT mimicking malignancy.

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to investigate the recent trends in Helicobacter pylori infection associated with peptic ulcer disease in a large population in Shanghai. METHODS: We analyzed the medical records of all patients who had undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (EGD) for uninvestigated dyspepsia at Ren Ji Hospital between 2013 and 2019 to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcers. RESULTS: Peptic ulcers were found in 40,385 of the 383,413 patients who underwent EGD during the study period...

OBJECTIVE: Fluid supplementation and red blood cell (RBC) transfusions form first-line management strategies to maintain circulating blood volumes in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). In this study, we aimed to analyze the utility of the AIMS65 score in predicting the volume of RBC transfusion required in patients with bleeding peptic ulcers. METHODS: In this single-center, retrospective study, the data of patients admitted between January 2019 and December 2019 with suspected UGIB were retrospectively reviewed...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects and safety of stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) versus no prophylaxis in adult septic patients at risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, the data was extracted from Electronic Intensive Care Unit-Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD). All patients who received proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or H2 receptor antagonist (H2 RA) or combined/sequential use for SUP within the first 48 hours of intensive care unit (ICU) admission were enrolled in the SUP group, those who did not received any SUP were enrolled in the non-SUP group...

Objective To analyze clinical characteristics and short-term efficacy of endoscopic hemostasis in acute duodenal hemorrhage. Methods A retrospective study was conducted for the patients who received endoscopy in the PUMC Hospital due to upper gastrointestinal bleeding and were confirmed to be on account of duodenal lesions for bleeding from January 2011 to December 2018.Clinical information of patients was collected,including demographics,comorbidities,and medication use.Endoscopic information included the origin of bleeding,the number and location of lesions,Forrest classes and size of ulcers,and endoscopic therapeutic methods...

Background/Aims: : The mucoprotective drug rebamipide is used to treat gastritis and peptic ulcers. We compared the efficacy of MucostaⓇ (rebamipide 100 mg) and its new formulation, AD-203 (rebamipide 150 mg), in treating erosive gastritis. Methods: This double-blind, active control, noninferiority, multicenter, phase 3 clinical trial randomly assigned 475 patients with endoscopically proven erosive gastritis to two groups: AD-203 twice daily or MucostaⓇ thrice daily for 2 weeks...

The development of sequencing technology has expanded our knowledge of the human gastric microbiome, which is now known to play a critical role in the maintenance of homeostasis, while alterations in microbial community composition can promote the development of gastric diseases. Recently, carcinogenic effects of gastric microbiome have received increased attention. Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide with a high mortality rate. Helicobacter pylori is a well-recognized risk factor for GC...