keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537036/characterisation-of-the-merozoite-thrombospondin-related-anonymous-protein-mtrap-of-plasmodium-berghei-as-a-transmission-blocking-antigen
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiomara Alexandra Gaitán, Juliana Calit, Irina Dobrescu, Marisé Solórzano Ramos, Alba Marina Gimenez, Daniel Youssef Bargieri
BACKGROUND: Malaria is an infectious disease caused by protozoan parasites belonging to the genus Plasmodium. Human-to-human transmission depends on a mosquito vector; thus, the interruption of parasite transmission from humans to mosquitoes is an important approach in the fight against malaria. The parasite stages infectious to mosquitoes are the gametocytes, sexual stages that are ingested by the vector during a blood meal and transform into male and female gametes in the midgut. Immunity against sexual stage antigens expressed by gametocytes, gametes, and the zygote formed after fertilisation can interrupt the parasite sexual cycle in the mosquito...
2024: Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536879/comprehensive-mutagenesis-maps-the-effect-of-all-single-codon-mutations-in-the-aav2-rep-gene-on-aav-production
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nina K Jain, Pierce J Ogden, George M Church
Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) are the predominant gene therapy vector. Several rAAV vectored therapies have achieved regulatory approval, but production of sufficient rAAV quantities remains difficult. The AAV Rep proteins, which are essential for genome replication and packaging, represent a promising engineering target for improvement of rAAV production but remain underexplored. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the Rep proteins and their mutational landscape, we assayed the effects of all 39,297 possible single-codon mutations to the AAV2 rep gene on AAV2 production...
March 27, 2024: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536528/identification-of-qtls-for-symbiotic-nitrogen-fixation-and-related-traits-in-a-soybean-recombinant-inbred-line-population
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C Bennet Krueger, Jeffery D Ray, James R Smith, Arun Prabhu Dhanapal, Muhammad Arifuzzaman, Fei Gao, Felix B Fritschi
The genetic architecture of symbiotic N fixation and related traits was investigated in the field. QTLs were identified for percent N derived from the atmosphere, shoot [N] and C to N ratio. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is cultivated worldwide and is the most abundant source of plant-based protein. Symbiotic N2 fixation (SNF) in legumes such as soybean is of great importance; however, yields may still be limited by N in both high yielding and stressful environments. To better understand the genetic architecture of SNF and facilitate the development of high yielding cultivars and sustainable soybean production in stressful environments, a recombinant inbred line population consisting of 190 lines, developed from a cross between PI 442012A and PI 404199, was evaluated for N derived from the atmosphere (Ndfa), N concentration ([N]), and C to N ratio (C/N) in three environments...
March 27, 2024: TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. Theoretische und Angewandte Genetik
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535861/analysis-of-trypanosoma-equiperdum-recombinant-proteins-for-the-serological-diagnosis-of-dourine
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mirella Luciani, Gisella Armillotta, Tiziana Di Febo, Ivanka Krasteva, Simonetta Ulisse, Chiara Di Pancrazio, Caterina Laguardia, Fabrizia Perletta, Anna Serroni, Marta Maggetti, Lilia Testa, Flavio Sacchini, Mariangela Iorio, Diamante Rodomonti, Manuela Tittarelli, Maria Teresa Mercante
The significance of Trypanosoma equiperdum as the causative agent of dourine cannot be understated, especially given its high mortality rate among equids. International movement of equids should be subject to thorough health checks and screenings to ensure that animals are not infected with Trypanosoma equiperdum . This involves the implementation of quarantine protocols, testing procedures, and the issuance of health certificates to certify the health status of the animals. Three proteins, the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (A0A1G4I8N3), the GrpE protein homolog (A0A1G4I464) and the transport protein particle (TRAPP) component, putative (A0A1G4I740) (UniProt accession numbers SCU68469...
March 13, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535809/new-insights-into-interactions-between-mushroom-aegerolysins-and-membrane-lipids
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Larisa Lara Popošek, Nada Kraševec, Gregor Bajc, Urška Glavač, Matija Hrovatin, Žan Perko, Ana Slavič, Miha Pavšič, Kristina Sepčić, Matej Skočaj
Aegerolysins are a family of proteins that recognize and bind to specific membrane lipids or lipid domains; hence they can be used as membrane lipid sensors. Although aegerolysins are distributed throughout the tree of life, the most studied are those produced by the fungal genus Pleurotus . Most of the aegerolysin-producing mushrooms code also for proteins containing the membrane attack complex/perforin (MACPF)-domain. The combinations of lipid-sensing aegerolysins and MACPF protein partners are lytic for cells harboring the aegerolysin membrane lipid receptor and can be used as ecologically friendly bioinsecticides...
March 9, 2024: Toxins
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535599/alterations-in-n-glycosylation-of-hcv-e2-protein-in-children-patients-with-ifn-rbv-therapy-failure
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karolina Zimmer, Alicja M Chmielewska, Paulina Jackowiak, Marek Figlerowicz, Krystyna Bienkowska-Szewczyk
The glycosylation of viral envelope proteins plays an important role in virus biology and the immune response of the host to infection. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope proteins E1 and E2, key players in virus entry and spread, are highly N-glycosylated and possess 4 (5 in certain genotypes) to 11 conserved glycosylation sites, respectively. Many published results based on recombinant proteins indicate that the glycan shield can mask the epitopes targeted by neutralizing antibodies. Glycan shifting within the conserved linear E2 region (412-423) could be one of the escape strategies used by HCV...
March 15, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535589/refinement-of-the-rkli8-3-based-serodiagnostic-elisa-allows-detection-of-canine-leishmaniosis-in-dogs-with-low-antibody-titers
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Henrique C Teixeira, Giulia P C Valle, Rouzbeh Mahdavi, Priscila S M Dias, Erick E de Oliveira, Cristina P Aira, Daniela Heinz, Andreas Latz, Marta de Lana, Fernanda N Morgado, Renato Porrozzi, Ulrich Steinhoff
The diagnosis of canine leishmaniasis (CanL) still represents a challenge due to the variable clinical manifestations and the large number of asymptomatic dogs. Serological tests are most commonly used to detect infected animals, revealing anti- Leishmania antibodies, mainly of the IgG isotype. Recently, a new diagnostic antigen, rKLi8.3, containing 8.3 kinesin tandem repeats (TR) from a Leishmania infantum strain from Sudan, has been shown to provide excellent specificity and sensitivity for the detection of Leishmania -infected humans and dogs...
March 13, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535564/development-of-a-double-antibody-sandwich-elisa-based-on-a-monoclonal-antibody-against-the-viral-ns1-protein-for-the-detection-of-chicken-parvovirus
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Minxiu Zhang, Jianqi Liao, Zhixun Xie, Yanfang Zhang, Sisi Luo, Meng Li, Liji Xie, Qing Fan, Tingting Zeng, Jiaoling Huang, Sheng Wang
Chicken parvovirus (ChPV) infection can cause runting-stunting syndrome (RSS) in chickens. There is currently no commercially available vaccine for controlling ChPV, and ChPV infection in chickens is widespread globally. The rapid detection of ChPV is crucial for promptly capturing epidemiological data on ChPV. Two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), 1B12 and 2B2, against the ChPV NS1 protein were generated. A double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) was developed for detecting ChPV based on the mAb 1B12 and an anti-chicken polyclonal antibody against the ChPV NS1 protein...
March 1, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535562/ovine-herpesvirus-2-glycoprotein-b-complementation-restores-infectivity-to-a-bovine-herpesvirus-4-gb-null-mutant
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniela D Moré, Katherine N Baker, Smriti Shringi, Reginaldo G Bastos, Donal O'Toole, Gaetano Donofrio, Cristina W Cunha
Ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) and bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) are gamma herpesviruses that belong to the genera Macavirus and Rhadinovirus , respectively. As with all herpesviruses, both OvHV-2 and BoHV-4 express glycoprotein B (gB), which plays an essential role in the infection of host cells. In that context, it has been demonstrated that a BoHV-4 gB-null mutant is unable to infect host cells. In this study, we used homologous recombination to insert OvHV-2 ORF 8, encoding gB, into the BoHV-4 gB-null mutant genome, creating a chimeric BoHV-4 virus carrying and expressing OvHV-2 gB (BoHV-4∆gB/OvHV-2-gB) that was infectious and able to replicate in vitro...
March 1, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534877/effect-of-fibrillin-2-on-differentiation-into-periodontal-ligament-stem-cell-like-cells-derived-from-human-induced-pluripotent-stem-cells
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sayuri Hamano, Daiki Yamashita, Daigaku Hasegawa, Hideki Sugii, Tomohiro Itoyama, Hidefumi Maeda
Periodontal tissue regeneration is important for preserving teeth. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are useful in periodontal tissue regeneration, however tooth extraction is required to obtain these cells. Therefore, we focused on induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and established a method to obtain PDLSC-like cells from iPS cells. Specifically, we first differentiated iPS cells into neural crest-like cells (iNCs). Next, we obtained PDLSC-like cells (iPDLSCs) by culturing iNCs on extracellular matrix (ECM) derived from human primary periodontal ligament cells (HPDLCs)...
March 27, 2024: Stem Cells and Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534854/review-of-spider-silk-applications-in-biomedical-and-tissue-engineering
#11
REVIEW
Marija Branković, Fatima Zivic, Nenad Grujovic, Ivan Stojadinovic, Strahinja Milenkovic, Nikola Kotorcevic
This review will present the latest research related to the production and application of spider silk and silk-based materials in reconstructive and regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, with a focus on musculoskeletal tissues, and including skin regeneration and tissue repair of bone and cartilage, ligaments, muscle tissue, peripheral nerves, and artificial blood vessels. Natural spider silk synthesis is reviewed, and the further recombinant production of spider silk proteins. Research insights into possible spider silk structures, like fibers (1D), coatings (2D), and 3D constructs, including porous structures, hydrogels, and organ-on-chip designs, have been reviewed considering a design of bioactive materials for smart medical implants and drug delivery systems...
March 11, 2024: Biomimetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534674/anti-microbial-activities-of-mussel-derived-recombinant-proteins-against-gram-negative-bacteria
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dong Yun Kim, You Bin Oh, Je Seon Park, Yu-Hong Min, Min Chul Park
Many anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) and pro-apoptotic peptides are considered as novel anti-microbial agents, distinguished by their different characteristics. Nevertheless, AMPs exhibit certain limitations, including poor stability and potential toxicity, which hinder their suitability for applications in pharmaceutics and medical devices. In this study, we used recombinant mussel adhesive protein (MAP) as a robust scaffold to overcome these limitations associated with AMPs. Mussel adhesive protein fused with functional peptides (MAP-FPs) was used to evaluate anti-microbial activities, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), and time-kill kinetics (TKK) assays against six of bacteria strains...
March 5, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534397/variation-of-structure-and-cellular-functions-of-type-ia-topoisomerases-across-the-tree-of-life
#13
REVIEW
Kemin Tan, Yuk-Ching Tse-Dinh
Topoisomerases regulate the topological state of cellular genomes to prevent impediments to vital cellular processes, including replication and transcription from suboptimal supercoiling of double-stranded DNA, and to untangle topological barriers generated as replication or recombination intermediates. The subfamily of type IA topoisomerases are the only topoisomerases that can alter the interlinking of both DNA and RNA. In this article, we provide a review of the mechanisms by which four highly conserved N-terminal protein domains fold into a toroidal structure, enabling cleavage and religation of a single strand of DNA or RNA...
March 21, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534352/recombinant-acetylcholine-receptor-immunization-induces-a-robust-model-of-experimental-autoimmune-myasthenia-gravis-in-mice
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lukas Theissen, Christina B Schroeter, Niklas Huntemann, Saskia Räuber, Vera Dobelmann, Derya Cengiz, Alexander Herrmann, Kathrin Koch-Hölsken, Norbert Gerdes, Hao Hu, Philipp Mourikis, Amin Polzin, Malte Kelm, Hans-Peter Hartung, Sven G Meuth, Christopher Nelke, Tobias Ruck
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a prototypical autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). The study of the underlying pathophysiology has provided novel insights into the interplay of autoantibodies and complement-mediated tissue damage. Experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) emerged as a valuable animal model, designed to gain further insight and to test novel therapeutic approaches for MG. However, the availability of native acetylcholine receptor (AChR) protein is limited favouring the use of recombinant proteins...
March 14, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534208/episomal-vectors-for-stable-production-of-recombinant-proteins-and-engineered-antibodies
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ian Fallahee, Daniel Hawiger
There is tremendous interest in the production of recombinant proteins, particularly bispecific antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates for research and therapeutic use. Here, we demonstrate a highly versatile plasmid system that allows the rapid generation of stable Expi293 cell pools by episomal retention of transfected DNA. By linking protein expression to puromycin resistance through an attenuated internal ribosome entry site, we achieve stable cell pools producing proteins of interest. In addition, split intein-split puromycin-mediated selection of two separate protein expression cassettes allows the stable production of bispecific antibody-like molecules or antibodies with distinct C-terminal heavy chain modifications, such as an antigen on one chain and a sortase tag on the other chain...
March 11, 2024: Antibodies
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534120/diagnosis-of-fasciolosis-antibodies-in-brazilian-cattle-through-elisa-employing-both-native-and-recombinant-antigens
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guilherme Drescher, Hellen Geremias Dos Santos, Mariane Marques da Guarda Pinto, Luis Gustavo Morello, Fabiano Borges Figueiredo
UNLABELLED: Bovine fasciolosis is a parasitic disease with a global reach. Coprological based on egg detection in fecal samples and liver inspection to evaluate the presence of the parasite is currently the gold standard for diagnosing chronic fasciolosis in cattle. However, these techniques are labor-intensive and ineffective during the acute phase of the disease. Serodiagnosis using native and recombinant antigens has become an interesting alternative in efforts to identify cattle fasciolosis...
March 27, 2024: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533666/diagnostic-accuracy-of-the-ifn-%C3%AE-release-assay-using-rd1-immunodominant-t-cell-antigens-for-diagnosis-of-extrapulmonary-tuberculosis
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Setareh Mamishi, Babak Pourakbari, Reihaneh Hosseinpour Sadeghi, Majid Marjani, Shima Mahmoudi
The diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) poses a significant challenge, with controversies surrounding the accuracy of IFN-γ release assays (IGRAs). This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of RD1 immunodominant T-cell antigens, including ESAT-6, CFP-10, PE35, and PPE68 proteins, for immunodiagnosis of EPTB. Twenty-nine patients with EPTB were enrolled, and recombinant PE35, PPE68, ESAT-6, and CFP-10 proteins were evaluated in a 3-day Whole Blood Assay. IFN-γ levels were measured using a Human IFN-γ ELISA kit, and the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) test was performed...
March 26, 2024: FEMS Microbiology Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533616/the-one-carbon-metabolic-enzyme-mthfd2-promotes-resection-and-homologous-recombination-after-ionizing-radiation
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Petra Marttila, Nadilly Bonagas, Christina Chalkiadaki, Hannah Stigsdotter, Korbinian Schelzig, Jianyu Shen, Crystal M Farhat, Amber Hondema, Julian Albers, Elisée Wiita, Azita Rasti, Ulrika Warpman Berglund, Ana Slipicevic, Oliver Mortusewicz, Thomas Helleday
The one-carbon metabolism enzyme bifunctional methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase 2 (MTHFD2) is among the most overexpressed proteins across tumors and is widely recognized as a promising anticancer target. While MTHFD2 is mainly described as a mitochondrial protein, a new nuclear function is emerging. Here, we observe that nuclear MTHFD2 protein levels and association with chromatin increase following ionizing radiation (IR) in an ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)- and DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK)-dependent manner...
March 27, 2024: Molecular Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533540/viral-envelope-proteins-fused-to-multiple-distinct-fluorescent-reporters-to-probe-receptor-binding
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ilhan Tomris, Roosmarijn van der Woude, Rebeca de Paiva Froes Rocha, Alba Torrents de la Peña, Andrew B Ward, Robert P de Vries
Enveloped viruses carry one or multiple proteins with receptor-binding functionalities. Functional receptors can be glycans, proteinaceous, or both; therefore, recombinant protein approaches are instrumental in attaining new insights regarding viral envelope protein receptor-binding properties. Visualizing and measuring receptor binding typically entails antibody detection or direct labeling, whereas direct fluorescent fusions are attractive tools in molecular biology. Here, we report a suite of distinct fluorescent fusions, both N- and C-terminal, for influenza A virus hemagglutinins and SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD...
April 2024: Protein Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533529/adar2-deficiency-ameliorates-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-and-muscle-atrophy-through-modulating-serum-amyloid-a1
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mei-Lang Kung, Tai-Hua Yang, Chia-Chi Lin, Jia-Yun Ho, Tzu-Chi Hung, Chih-Hsiang Chang, Kuan-Wen Huang, Chien-Chin Chen, Yun-Wen Chen
BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, which is commonly associated with NAFLD. Adenosine-to-inosine editing, catalysed by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR), is an important post-transcriptional modification of genome-encoded RNA transcripts. Three ADAR gene family members, including ADAR1, ADAR2 and ADAR3, have been identified...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
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