keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492225/protocol-for-two-models-of-behavioral-transition-from-action-to-no-action-when-facing-prolonged-uncontrollable-experience-in-mice
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chaoqun Li, Ying Zhang, Tianping Sun, Nashat Abumaria
Uncontrollability could lead to behavioral adjustment or even giving up when facing repeated failure. Here, we detail a protocol to study the behavioral transition from action to no-action induced by prolonged uncontrollable experiences in mice. We describe the behavioral devices, video analysis, and the exponential learning curve fitting for mathematical assessment. We perform further validation experiments evaluating locomotor, social, and anxiety-/depression-like behaviors. This approach helps study neural mechanisms underlying adaptive decision-making when facing repeated failure...
March 15, 2024: STAR protocols
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38490499/hierarchical-control-over-foraging-behavior-by-anterior-cingulate-cortex
#2
REVIEW
Ricardo J Alejandro, Clay B Holroyd
Foraging is a natural behavior that involves making sequential decisions to maximize rewards while minimizing the costs incurred when doing so. The prevalence of foraging across species suggests that a common brain computation underlies its implementation. Although anterior cingulate cortex is believed to contribute to foraging behavior, its specific role has been contentious, with predominant theories arguing either that it encodes environmental value or choice difficulty. Additionally, recent attempts to characterize foraging have taken place within the reinforcement learning framework, with increasingly complex models scaling with task complexity...
March 13, 2024: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489953/external-validation-and-comparison-of-mbe-edema-and-modified-edema-scores-for-predicting-malignant-cerebral-edema-in-chinese-patients-with-large-hemispheric-infarction-patients-without-revascularization
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anqi Tang, Xiaoming Ma, Yi Ren, Hao Zhang, Wei Xie, Meng Liu, Shiying Sheng, Keshi Mao
BACKGROUND: Malignant cerebral edema (MCE) is a severe condition characterized by rapid neurological deterioration and a potentially poor prognosis. Scoring systems including the malignant brain edema (MBE) score, Enhanced Detection of Edema in Malignant Anterior Circulation Stroke score (EDEMA), and modified EDEMA score, have been developed to predict MCE in patients with large hemispheric infarction (LHI). We aimed to externally validate and comparethe predictive efficacy of these scores in LHI patients within 48 h of onset and not undergoing reperfusion therapy...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience: Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487348/appetitively-motivated-tasks-in-the-intellicage-reveal-a-higher-motivational-cost-of-spatial-learning-in-male-than-female-mice
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martina Nigri, Giulia Bramati, Adrian C Steiner, David P Wolfer
The IntelliCage (IC) permits the assessment of the behavior and learning abilities of mice in a social home cage context. To overcome water deprivation as an aversive driver of learning, we developed protocols in which spatial learning is motivated appetitively by the preference of mice for sweetened over plain water. While plain water is available at all times, only correct task responses give access to sweetened water rewards. Under these conditions, C57BL/6J mice successfully mastered a corner preference task with the reversal and also learned a more difficult time-place task with reversal...
2024: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485039/a-review-on-the-use-of-eeg-for-the-investigation-of-the-factors-that-affect-consumer-s-behavior
#5
REVIEW
Panteli Antiopi, Eirini Kalaitzi, Christos A Fidas
This literature review surveys research papers that focused on the use of Electroencephalography (EEG) to study the impact of different factors in consumer behavior. The primary aim of this review is to determine which factors that affect consumer's behavior have already been evaluated in the existing literature and which remain unexplored. 118 papers are included in this survey. In order that the papers were analyzed in this review, a well-established neuromarketing experiment should have been performed indicating the methods of signals' acquisition, processing and analysis...
March 12, 2024: Physiology & Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484735/transgenic-tools-targeting-the-basal-ganglia-reveal-both-evolutionary-conservation-and-specialization-of-neural-circuits-in-zebrafish
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuki Tanimoto, Hisaya Kakinuma, Ryo Aoki, Toshiyuki Shiraki, Shin-Ichi Higashijima, Hitoshi Okamoto
The cortico-basal ganglia circuit mediates decision making. Here, we generated transgenic tools for adult zebrafish targeting specific subpopulations of the components of this circuit and utilized them to identify evolutionary homologs of the mammalian direct- and indirect-pathway striatal neurons, which respectively project to the homologs of the internal and external segment of the globus pallidus (dorsal entopeduncular nucleus [dEN] and lateral nucleus of the ventral telencephalic area [Vl]) as in mammals...
March 8, 2024: Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482501/value-based-decision-making-between-affective-and-non-affective-memories
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erdem Pulcu, Calum Guinea, Hannah Clemens, Catherine J Harmer, Susannah E Murphy
Affective biases can change how past events are recalled from memory. To capture mechanisms underlying affective memory formation, recall, and bias, we studied value-based decision-making (VBDM) between reward memories encoded in different mood states. Our findings suggest that following discrete affective events, created by large magnitude wins and losses on a Wheel of Fortune (WoF), healthy volunteers display an overall positive memory bias [favoring higher probability shapes learned after a WoF win compared with those learnt after a WoF loss outcome]...
March 15, 2024: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481632/reactive-gliosis-in-traumatic-brain-injury-a-comprehensive-review
#8
REVIEW
Zuzana Amlerova, Martina Chmelova, Miroslava Anderova, Lydia Vargova
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common pathological conditions impacting the central nervous system (CNS). A neurological deficit associated with TBI results from a complex of pathogenetic mechanisms including glutamate excitotoxicity, inflammation, demyelination, programmed cell death, or the development of edema. The critical components contributing to CNS response, damage control, and regeneration after TBI are glial cells-in reaction to tissue damage, their activation, hypertrophy, and proliferation occur, followed by the formation of a glial scar...
2024: Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38476429/machine-learning-in-action-revolutionizing-intracranial-hematoma-detection-and-patient-transport-decision-making
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ehab El Refaee, Taher M Ali, Ahmed Al Menabbawy, Mahmoud Elfiky, Ahmed El Fiki, Shady Mashhour, Ahmed Harouni
OBJECTIVES: Traumatic intracranial hematomas represent a critical clinical situation where early detection and management are of utmost importance. Machine learning has been recently used in the detection of neuroradiological findings. Hence, it can be used in the detection of intracranial hematomas and furtherly initiate a management cascade of patient transfer, diagnostics, admission, and emergency intervention. We aim, here, to develop a diagnostic tool based on artificial intelligence to detect hematomas instantaneously, and automatically start a cascade of actions that support the management protocol depending on the early diagnosis...
2024: Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468707/dorsal-ca1-lesions-of-the-hippocampus-impact-mating-tactics-in-prairie-voles-by-shifting-non-monogamous-males-use-of-space-to-resemble-monogamous-males
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lindsay L Sailer, Caitlyn J Finton, Pooja P Patel, Steven M Bogdanowicz, Alexander G Ophir
Alternative mating tactics within mating systems are characterized by discrete patterns of spatio-temporal overlap with same-and opposite-sex conspecifics and mating-relevant outcomes. Socially monogamous "residents" maintain relatively small home range sizes, have territories that almost exclusively overlap with their mating partners, and are more likely to produce offspring than non-bonded "wandering" conspecifics. Because mating tactics appear to be so closely tied to patterns of space use, differences in spatial cognitive abilities might differentially impact individual males' decisions to adopt a particular mating tactic and/or how efficient they are within their chosen mating tactic...
2024: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38467597/machine-learning-model-for-the-prediction-of-acute-orthostatic-hypotension-after-levodopa-administration
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhu Liu, Shinuan Lin, Junhong Zhou, Xuemei Wang, Zhan Wang, Yaqin Yang, Huizi Ma, Zhonglue Chen, Kang Ren, Lingyu Wu, Haimei Zhuang, Yun Ling, Tao Feng
BACKGROUND: Levodopa could induce orthostatic hypotension (OH) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Accurate prediction of acute OH post levodopa (AOHPL) is important for rational drug use in PD patients. Here, we develop and validate a prediction model of AOHPL to facilitate physicians in identifying patients at higher probability of developing AOHPL. METHODS: The study involved 497 PD inpatients who underwent a levodopa challenge test (LCT) and the supine-to-standing test (STS) four times during LCT...
March 2024: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461740/elaboration-and-validation-of-a-novelty-nomogram-for-the-prognostication-of-anxiety-susceptibility-in-individuals-suffering-from-low-back-pain
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jian Wang, Miaomiao Liu, Chao Tian, Junxiang Gu, Sihai Chen, Qiujuan Huang, Peiyuan Lv, Yuhai Zhang, Weixin Li
Low back pain (LBP) constitutes a distressing emotional ordeal and serves as a potent catalyst for adverse emotional states, notably anxiety. We dedicated to discerning methodologies for identifying patients who are predisposed to heightened levels of anxiety and pain. A self-assessment questionnaire was administered to patients afflicted with LBP. The pain scores were subjected to analysis in conjunction with anxiety scores, and a clustering procedure was executed using the scientific k-means methodology. Subsequently, six machine learning algorithms, including Logistics Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), were employed...
March 9, 2024: Journal of Clinical Neuroscience: Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38459662/the-severity-assessment-of-parkinson-s-disease-based-on-plasma-inflammatory-factors-and-third-ventricle-width-by-transcranial-sonography
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Lu, Wenwen Dong, Xingya Xue, Jian Sun, Jiuqi Yan, Xiang Wei, Lei Chang, Liang Zhao, Bei Luo, Chang Qiu, Wenbin Zhang
BACKGROUND: Predicting Parkinson's disease (PD) can provide patients with targeted therapies. However, disease severity can be roughly evaluated in clinical practice based on the patient's symptoms and signs. OBJECTIVE: The current study attempted to explore the factors linked with PD severity and construct a predictive model. METHOD: The PD patients and healthy controls were recruited from our study center while recording their basic demographic information...
March 2024: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38459406/thinking-computationally-in-translational-psychiatry-a-commentary-on-neville-et-al-2024
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yumeya Yamamori, Oliver J Robinson
There is a growing focus on the computational aspects of psychiatric disorders in humans. This idea also is gaining traction in nonhuman animal studies. Commenting on a new comprehensive overview of the benefits of applying this approach in translational research by Neville et al. (Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience 1-14, 2024), we discuss the implications for translational model validity within this framework. We argue that thinking computationally in translational psychiatry calls for a change in the way that we evaluate animal models of human psychiatric processes, with a shift in focus towards symptom-producing computations rather than the symptoms themselves...
March 8, 2024: Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38459405/decision-making-for-delaying-punishment-a-commentary-to-minnes-et-al-2024
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jared W Young, Benjamin Z Roberts
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 8, 2024: Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38459194/frontostriatal-circuit-dysfunction-leads-to-cognitive-inflexibility-in-neuroligin-3-r451c-knockin-mice
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shen Lin, Cui-Ying Fan, Hao-Ran Wang, Xiao-Fan Li, Jia-Li Zeng, Pei-Xuan Lan, Hui-Xian Li, Bin Zhang, Chun Hu, Junyu Xu, Jian-Hong Luo
Cognitive and behavioral rigidity are observed in various psychiatric diseases, including in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that neuroligin-3 (NL3) R451C knockin mouse model of autism (KI mice) exhibited deficits in behavioral flexibility in choice selection tasks. Single-unit recording of medium spiny neuron (MSN) activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) revealed altered encoding of decision-related cue and impaired updating of choice anticipation in KI mice...
March 8, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38457757/an-overview-of-the-free-energy-principle-and-related-research
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhengquan Zhang, Feng Xu
The free energy principle and its corollary, the active inference framework, serve as theoretical foundations in the domain of neuroscience, explaining the genesis of intelligent behavior. This principle states that the processes of perception, learning, and decision making-within an agent-are all driven by the objective of "minimizing free energy," evincing the following behaviors: learning and employing a generative model of the environment to interpret observations, thereby achieving perception, and selecting actions to maintain a stable preferred state and minimize the uncertainty about the environment, thereby achieving decision making...
February 28, 2024: Neural Computation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38457084/decomposed-fdg-pet-based-phenotypic-heterogeneity-predicting-clinical-prognosis-and-decision-making-in-temporal-lobe-epilepsy-patients
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kun Guo, Zhiyong Quan, Guiyu Li, Baojuan Li, Fei Kang, Jing Wang
OBJECTIVE: This study utilized a data-driven Bayesian model to automatically identify distinct latent disease factors represented by overlapping glucose metabolism patterns from 18 F-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET (18 F-FDG PET) to analyze heterogeneity among patients with TLE. METHODS: We employed unsupervised machine learning to estimate latent disease factors from 18 F-FDG PET scans, representing whole-brain glucose metabolism patterns in seventy patients with TLE. We estimated the extent to which multiple distinct factors were expressed within each participant and analyzed their relevance to epilepsy burden, including seizure onset, duration, and frequency...
March 8, 2024: Neurological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38453896/association-between-resting-state-connectivity-patterns-in-the-defensive-system-network-and-treatment-response-in-spider-phobia-a-replication-approach
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elisabeth J Leehr, Fabian R Seeger, Joscha Böhnlein, Bettina Gathmann, Thomas Straube, Kati Roesmann, Markus Junghöfer, Hanna Schwarzmeier, Niklas Siminski, Martin J Herrmann, Till Langhammer, Janik Goltermann, Dominik Grotegerd, Susanne Meinert, Nils R Winter, Udo Dannlowski, Ulrike Lueken
Although highly effective on average, exposure-based treatments do not work equally well for all patients with anxiety disorders. The identification of pre-treatment response-predicting patient characteristics may enable patient stratification. Preliminary research highlights the relevance of inhibitory fronto-limbic networks as such. We aimed to identify pre-treatment neural signatures differing between exposure treatment responders and non-responders in spider phobia and to validate results through rigorous replication...
March 7, 2024: Translational Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450042/machine-learning-based-evaluation-of-spontaneous-pain-and-analgesics-from-cellular-calcium-signals-in-the-mouse-primary-somatosensory-cortex-using-explainable-features
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Myeong Seong Bak, Haney Park, Heera Yoon, Geehoon Chung, Hyunjin Shin, Soonho Shin, Tai Wan Kim, Kyungjoon Lee, U Valentin Nägerl, Sang Jeong Kim, Sun Kwang Kim
INTRODUCTION: Pain that arises spontaneously is considered more clinically relevant than pain evoked by external stimuli. However, measuring spontaneous pain in animal models in preclinical studies is challenging due to methodological limitations. To address this issue, recently we developed a deep learning (DL) model to assess spontaneous pain using cellular calcium signals of the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) in awake head-fixed mice. However, DL operate like a "black box", where their decision-making process is not transparent and is difficult to understand, which is especially evident when our DL model classifies different states of pain based on cellular calcium signals...
2024: Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
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