Aurelia

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to examine the inter-relationships between pig farm management and facilities (as assessed by questionnaire) and post-mortem lung lesion (lung score assesment), which are the result of respiratory infections. The relationships between carcass characteristics and post-mortem lung lesion scores were also investigated. RESULTS: Questionnaire responses were collected from 22 self-selecting pig farmers about their farm facilities/management and health condition of the respiratory system of pigs, including the occurrence of clinical respiratory signs, results of laboratory testing for respiratory pathogens, and the use of respiratory vaccines...

The concept of the metaorganism describes a multicellular host and its diverse microbial community, which form one biological unit with a combined genetic repertoire that significantly influences health and survival of the host. The present study delved into the emerging field of bacteriophage research within metaorganisms, focusing on the moon jellyfish Aurelia aurita as a model organism. The previously isolated Pseudomonas phage BSwM KMM1 and Citrobacter phages BSwM KMM2 - KMM4 demonstrated potent infectivity on bacteria present in the A...

Automated plagiarism-checking software can be a valuable tool for detecting plagiarism in manuscripts. Twenty-five of 60 articles (42%) had at least one incidence of plagiarism, predominately text recycling. A "similarity score" ranging from 22% to 35% could be a potential cut-off value when screening submitted manuscripts.

Cheilitis is a common inflammatory disorder of the vermillion and adjacent skin of the lips. A special type is angular cheilitis. The disease has a mixed etiology, mostly with bacterial and fungal components. Angular cheilitis may be a clinical sign of an underlying disease. It has two age peaks: one during childhood and another in adults. It becomes more frequent with aging. Clinical presentation, differential diagnoses, and treatment are discussed. Angular cheilitis is of importance in primary care of patients, in geriatrics, dentistry, pediatrics, internal medicine, and in dermatology...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and viral reactivations of clinical interest in the immunocompromised patient with particular focus on hematologic and solid organ transplant recipients. METHODS: Molecular screening data of CMV, EBV, JCV and BKV from 2011 to 2023 were analyzed. This extensive time span allowed the access to more than 100,000 samples from over 20,000 patients treated at Policlinico Umberto I. It was possible to temporally investigate patient attendance patterns, average age distribution, seasonality of infections, and positivity rates of the analyzed viruses...

Cystinosis is a rare autosomal-recessive lysosomal storage disease that progressively affects multiple organs beginning with the kidneys. Patients require lifelong multidisciplinary care for the management of kidney disease and progressive extra-renal manifestations, and thus, they are especially fragile and vulnerable during transition from pediatric to adult care. Previous documents have provided guidance to help the medical transition of these highly burdened patients. Patients and their families often experience great psychological distress and face significant social challenges; for these reasons, they often need help from psychologists, social workers, and other psychosocial professionals...

BACKGROUND: The mass occurrence of scyphozoan jellyfish severely affects marine ecosystems and coastal economies, and the study of blooming jellyfish population dynamics has emerged in response. However, traditional ecological survey methods required for such research have difficulties in detecting cryptic life stages and surveying population dynamics owing to high spatiotemporal variations in their occurrence. The environmental DNA (eDNA) technique is an effective tool for overcoming these limitations...

AKT is an essential player in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling pathway. Although the mechanisms of its action are well understood at the plasma membrane, AKT can also be found in the nucleus. In adipocytes, this pathway is activated during the process of adipogenesis and solicits both plasma membrane and nuclear AKT activity. However, the endogenous presence of active AKT in the nucleus during adipogenesis has not been shown. Here, we show that the levels of active AKT phosphorylated at Ser-473 increase rapidly after the induction of differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells, both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus, and tend to remain elevated over the course of differentiation...

As light can mediate interactions between atoms in a photonic environment, engineering it for endowing the photon-mediated Hamiltonian with desired features, like robustness against disorder, is crucial in quantum research. We provide general theorems on the topology of photon-mediated interactions in terms of both Hermitian and non-Hermitian topological invariants, unveiling the phenomena of topological preservation and reversal, and revealing a system-bath topological correspondence. Depending on the Hermiticity of the environment and the parity of the spatial dimension, the atomic and photonic topological invariants turn out to be equal or opposite...

Scyphozoan jellyfish, known for their evolutionary position and ecological significance, are thought to exhibit relatively notable resilience to ocean acidification. However, knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the scyphozoan jellyfish response to acidified seawater conditions is currently lacking. In this study, two independent experiments were conducted to determine the physiological and molecular responses of moon jellyfish (Aurelia coerulea) polyps to within- and trans-generational exposure to two reduced pH treatments (pH 7...

INTRODUCTION: The World Health Organization defines rotavirus as among the most severe causes of viral gastroenteritis affecting children under 5 year old. Italy and other European countries do not release disaggregated data on rotavirus vaccination coverage. This study aimed to assess the uptake and drivers of rotavirus vaccination in Italy. METHODS: We administered a survey to 10,000 Italian citizens recruited via an online panel and proportionate to key demographic strata...

Co-culture of intestinal organoids with a colibactin-producing pks+ E. coli strain (EcC) revealed mutational signatures also found in colorectal cancer (CRC). E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) remains a commonly used probiotic, despite harboring the pks operon and inducing double strand DNA breaks. We determine the mutagenicity of EcN and three CRC-derived pks+ E. coli strains with an analytical framework based on sequence characteristic of colibactin-induced mutations. All strains, including EcN, display varying levels of mutagenic activity...

BACKGROUND: Infectious diseases (IDs) are highly relevant after solid organ transplantation in terms of morbidity and mortality, being among the most common causes of death. Patients undergoing kidney retransplantation (re-K-Tx) have been already receiving immunosuppressive therapy over a prolonged period, potentially facilitating subsequent infections. Comparing ID events after re-K-Tx and first kidney transplantation (f-K-Tx) can delineate patterns and risks of ID events associated with prolonged immunosuppression...

BACKGROUND: Streptococcus pneumoniae infections, including Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases (IPDs), pose a substantial public health challenge, causing significant morbidity and mortality, especially among children and older adults. Vaccination campaigns have played a vital role in reducing pneumococcal-related deaths. However, obstacles related to accessibility and awareness might impede optimal vaccine adoption. This study aims to provide comprehensive data on pneumococcal vaccine coverage and attitudes within at-risk groups in Italy, with the goal of informing public health strategies and addressing vaccination barriers...

Aging is a complex multidimensional, progressive remodeling process affecting multiple organ systems. While many studies have focused on studying aging across multiple organs, assessment of the contribution of individual organs to overall aging processes is a cutting-edge issue. An organ's biological age might influence the aging of other organs, revealing a multiorgan aging network. Recent data demonstrated a similar yet asynchronous inter-organs and inter-individuals progression of aging, thereby providing a foundation to track sources of declining health in old age...

OBJECTIVES: Amino acid variations across more than 30 immunoglobulin (Ig) allotypes may introduce structural changes that influence recognition by anti-Ig detection reagents, consequently confounding interpretation of antibody responses, particularly in genetically diverse cohorts. Here, we assessed a panel of commercial monoclonal anti-IgG1 clones for capacity to universally recognise two dominant IgG1 haplotypes (G1m-1,3 and G1m1,17). METHODS: Four commercial monoclonal anti-human IgG1 clones were assessed via ELISAs and multiplex bead-based assays for their ability to bind G1m-1,3 and G1m1,17 IgG1 variants...

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are key components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). In colorectal liver metastasis (CLM), TAM morphology correlates with prognosis, with smaller TAMs (S-TAMs) conferring a more favorable prognosis than larger TAMs (L-TAMs). However, the metabolic profile of in vivo human TAM populations remains unknown. Multiparametric flow cytometry was used to freshly isolate S- and L-TAMs from surgically resected CLM patients (n = 14S-, 14L-TAMs). Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics analyses were implemented for the metabolic characterization of TAM populations...

BACKGROUND: Enterobacterales are often responsible for urinary tract infection (UTI) in kidney transplant recipients. Among these, Escherichia coli or Klebsiella species producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) are emerging. However, there are only scarce data on frequency and impact of ESBL-UTI on transplant outcomes. METHODS: We investigated frequency and impact of first-year UTI events with ESBL Escherichia coli and/or Klebsiella species in a prospective multicenter cohort consisting of 1,482 kidney transplants performed between 2012 and 2017, focusing only on 389 kidney transplants having at least one UTI with Escherichia coli and/or Klebsiella species ...

Despite being widely assumed, the worsening impact of unpredictability on pain perception remains unclear because of conflicting empirical evidence, and a lack of systematic integration of past research findings. To fill this gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on the effect of unpredictability on pain perception. We also conducted meta-regression analyses to examine the moderating effect of several moderators associated with pain and unpredictability: stimulus duration, calibrated stimulus pain intensity, pain intensity expectation, controllability, anticipation delay, state and trait negative affectivity, sex/gender and age of the participants, type of unpredictability (intensity, onset, duration, location), and method of pain induction (thermal, electrical, mechanical pressure, mechanical distention)...

INTRODUCTION: Digital health intervention offers the potential to enhance health literacy, which is crucial for effective diabetes management, especially among adolescents. Diabetes is a major global public health issue, leading to devastating complications and increasing mortality rates. The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is also on the rise, particularly among adolescents, necessitating multisectoral strategies to combat this disease. This study explores the perceptions of adolescents with T1DM in Germany regarding digital health interventions, with the aim of improving healthcare by addressing specific needs and guiding future research...