Genetic characteristics of MRSA

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common pathogen contributing to healthcare-associated infections, which can result in multiple sites infections. The epidemiological characteristics of MRSA exhibit variability among distinct regions and healthcare facilities. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology and nosocomial outbreak characteristics of MRSA in a county-level hospital in China. A total of 130 non-repetitive MRSA strains were collected from December 2020 to November 2021...

Although mobile phones as a rapid communication vehicle can lead to improved quality of healthcare, they can also facilitate the transmission of pathogens to patients. This current research focuses on genetic diversity, and genes involved in resistance and biofilm production of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from mobile phones of medical students. Antibiotic resistance profiling and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of antibiotic resistance and biofilm-related genes were investigated and statistically analyzed...

AIMS: Fosfomycin has regained attention for treating infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multidrug-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci. In this research, our objective was to investigate the mechanisms underlying fosfomycin resistance in Staphylococcus capitis. METHODS: The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of fosfomycin were assessed in 109 clinical S. capitis isolates by the agar dilution method. By cloning the fos-like genes into the shuttle vector, pTSSCm-Pcap, and observing the change in fosfomycin MICs, the gene function was verified...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to compare patient characteristics, MRSA sequence types, and biofilm production of MRSA strains that did and did not cause a foreign body infection in patients with MRSA bloodstream infections (BSI). METHODS: All adult patients with MRSA BSI hospitalized in two hospitals were identified by clinical microbiology laboratory surveillance. Only patients who had at least one implanted foreign body during the episode of BSI were included. RESULTS: In July 2018 - March 2022, of 423 patients identified with MRSA BSI, 118 (28%) had ≥1 foreign body...

We investigated the prevalence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) in pig slaughterhouses from 2018 to 2022 in Japan and the isolates were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics by whole-genome analysis. Although the positive LA-MRSA rates on farms (29.6%) and samples (9.9%) in 2022 in Japan remained lower than those observed in European countries exhibiting extremely high rates of confirmed human LA-MRSA infections, these rates showed a gradually increasing trend over five years...

The virulence factors, antibiotic resistance patterns, and the associated genetic elements have been investigated in Staphylococcus species. A total of 100 strains has been isolated from clinical samples in the Microbiology Laboratory of Hesperia Hospital, Modena, Italy, and identified as Staphylococcus aureus (65), Staphylococcus epidermidis (24), Staphylococcus hominis (3), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (3), and Staphylococcus warneri (5). All the strains were analyzed to determine phenotypic and genotypic characters, notably the virulence factors, the antibiotics susceptibility, and the genetic determinants...

The emergence of transferable linezolid resistance genes poses significant challenges to public health, as it does not only confer linezolid resistance but also reduces susceptibility to florfenicol, which is widely used in the veterinary field. This study evaluated the genetic characteristics of linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from pig carcasses and further clarified potential resistance and virulence mechanisms in a newly identified sequence type. Of more than 2500 strains isolated in a prior study, 15 isolated from pig carcasses exhibited linezolid resistance (minimum inhibitory concentration ≥ 8 mg/L)...

BACKGROUND: Heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus is considered as one of the main causes in treatment failure of vancomycin, which leads to poor clinical outcomes. Herein, we comprehensively evaluated characteristics such as global prevalence, trend, and genetic backgrounds of these strains. METHODS: In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis based on PRISMA checklist 2020. In the beginning, global databases were searched to achieve the studies related to the prevalence of hVISA in clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus...

OBJECTIVES: Coagulase-positive staphylococcus (CoPS), represented by Staphylococcus aureus , is a major cause of infections in humans. This study aimed to investigate molecular epidemiological characteristics, antimicrobial resistance, and their trends of CoPS in Bangladesh. METHODS: Clinical isolates of CoPS were collected from two medical institutions in Bangladesh for a 2-year period and analyzed for their species, genotypes, virulence factors, antimicrobial susceptibility, and resistance determinants...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization increases the risk of infection. Response to decolonization treatment is highly variable and determinants for successful decolonization or failure of eradication treatment are largely unknown. Insight into genetic predictors of eradication failure is potentially useful in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to explore genetic characteristics that are associated with MRSA decolonization failure. This cohort study was performed in a tertiary care hospital in the Netherlands...

INTRODUCTION: Antibiotic-resistant bacteria complicate treatment options in neonatal sepsis, especially in developing countries. This study determined the epidemiology and bacteriological characteristics of neonatal sepsis at a tertiary hospital, in southwest Nigeria. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study from December 2017 to April 2019 among admitted babies with clinical neonatal sepsis. Blood culture was performed by semi-automated system, sepsis biomarker assay (serum procalcitonin) by a semi-quantitative kit while proforma was used to capture clinico-demographic data...

INTRODUCTION: To understand the prevalence of avian methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and the current status of drug resistance in Qingdao, a comprehensive molecular epidemiological investigation and analysis of evolutionary relationships of MRSA isolates from broiler and layer chickens and waterfowl was conducted. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and two avian MRSA strains were identified by multi-locus sequence typing, staphylococcal protein A ( spa ) and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, and whole-genome sequencing...

In this study, we investigated both meat-derived and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), exploring their genetic relatedness to patient-derived MRSA isolates in Saudi Arabia. We collected 250 meat samples and identified 53 S. aureus isolates, with 79% being methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and 21% being MRSA. Moreover, we included 80 clinically confirmed patient-derived MRSA isolates. We identified the most common S. aureus clone in both patients and retail meat. In meat, ST6 and ST97 were the most common clones in 55% of the MRSA isolates, and ST1153 and ST672 were the most common in 21% and 17% of the MSSA isolates...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Staphylococcus aureus causes various hospital- and community-acquired infections. This study aimed to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of erythromycin and inducible clindamycin resistance, virulence gene profiles, and spa types of S. aureus isolates collected from patients in Ardabil Province, Iran. METHODS: A total of 118 clinical S. aureus isolates, including 50 (42.4%) methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and 68 (57...

Staphylococcus aureus is widely recognized as a highly hazardous pathogen that poses significant threats to food safety and public health. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and genetic characteristics of S. aureus isolates recovered from 288 frozen flour and rice product samples in Shanghai, China, between September 2019 and May 2020. A total of 81  S. aureus isolates were obtained, representing 25 sequence types (STs), with ST7 being the most prevalent (17.28%, n = 14)...

This study compared the impact of sequence type 5 (ST5) and ST764, on the efficacy of vancomycin treatment in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. From July 2012 to June 2020, a prospective observational study was conducted in five hospitals in China, enrolling 90 patients with MRSA infections, including 44 patients with ST5-MRSA and 46 patients with ST764-MRSA infections. All strains were subjected to minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination, biofilm expression, heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Colonization by MRSA increases the risk of infection and transmission, underscoring the importance of decolonization efforts. However, success of these decolonization protocols varies, raising the possibility that some MRSA strains may be more persistent than others. Here, we studied how the persistence of MRSA colonization correlates with genomic presence of antibiotic resistance genes. Our analysis using a Bayesian mixed effects survival model found that genetic determinants of high-level resistance to mupirocin was strongly associated with failure of the decolonization protocol...

Staphylococcus aureus is highly pathogenic and can cause disease in both humans and domestic animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the genomic epidemiology of S. aureus isolates from raw milk in Jiangsu Province, China, to identify predominant lineages and their associated genomic and phenotypic characteristics. In this study, we identified 117 S. aureus isolates collected from 1,062 samples in Jiangsu Province between 2021 and 2022. Based on whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data from 117 S. aureus isolates, molecular analyses indicated CC1-ST1 (26...

Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic foodborne pathogen occasionally isolated from diarrhea patients. In recent years, increasing studies have reported the detection of S. aureus in food poisoning incidents due to food contamination in the North and South of China. However, the epidemiology and genetic characteristics of S. aureus from food poisoning incidents in Eastern China remain unknown. The present study examined the genetic characteristics, antimicrobial resistance, and virulent factors of multidrug-resistant S...

Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) bacteremia is one of the most frequent and severe bacterial infections worldwide. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious human pathogen that can cause a wide variety of infections. Comparative genetic analyses have shown that despite the existence of a vast number of genotypes, genotypes are restricted to certain geographical locations. By comparing multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and SCCmec types from 1994 to 2020, the present study intended to discover which genotype genes were related to MRSA infections...