NACOs

INTRODUCTION: Targeted HIV 1 viral load testing has been recommended in 2010 only for suspected cases of antiretroviral therapy failure. India is committed to achieve UNAIDS '90-90-90' target by 2020. The third 90 target was to ensure all people receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) are virologically suppressed. Implementation of routine viral load testing in national programme helps us in assessing early treatment failure and the need to switch to second line therapy; thus eventually reducing drug resistance and improving patient outcomes...

We studied the dependence of dissolution of silk fibroin (SF) in mixtures of DMSO with ionic liquids (ILs) on the temperature ( T = 40 to 80 °C) and DMSO mole fraction ( χ DMSO = 0.5 to 0.9). The ILs included BuMeImAcO, C3 OMeImAcO, AlBzMe2 NAcO, and Bu4 NAcO; see the names and structures below. We used design of experiments (DOE) to determine the dependence of mass fraction of dissolved SF (SF-m%) on T and χ DMSO . We successfully employed a second-order polynomial to fit the biopolymer dissolution data...

BACKGROUND: Worldwide, a steady rise in the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the elderly has been reported and is attributed to aging, unsafe sexual practices, and delayed health-care seeking behavior, leading to a delayed diagnosis and persistence of infection in the community. The aim of this study was to assess the demographic profile, risk factors, and clinical pattern of geriatric STIs. AIMS: The aim of the study was to assess the demographic profile, risk factors, and clinical pattern of STIs among patients aged ≥60 years presenting to the STI clinic in the dermatology outpatient department at a large tertiary care hospital in New Delhi, over a period of 6 years...

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in pregnant women has an important role in its spread to the pediatric population through vertical transmission. Effective utilization of Prevention of Parent to Child Transmission (PPTCT) services can reduce this spread. This study aims to determine the vertical transmission of HIV, the seroprevalence of HIV in antenatal women, demographic factors of seropositive women, and utilization of PPTCT services to minimize the risk of mother-to-child transmission...

Background: Parent to child transmission is the major mode of spread of HIV. An effective national health program (PPTCT) has been designed under NACO which helps in reducing the spread of HIV by vertical transmission and improving the life of the women and her baby. Methods: A retrospective study was done at a tertiary care hospital, including pregnant women registered and delivered, and those who came directly in labour at the hospital during a period of 10 years from January 2010 to December 2019...

Bifunctional electrocatalysts are pre-eminent to achieve high capacity, cycling stability, and high Coulombic efficiency for rechargeable hybrid sodium-air batteries. The current work introduces metaphosphate (Na)KCo(PO3 )3 nanostructures as noble metal-free bifunctional electrocatalysts suitable for the rechargeable aqueous sodium-air battery. Prepared by the scalable solution combustion method, the metaphosphate class of (Na)KCo(PO3 )3 with spherical morphology exhibited robust oxygen reduction as well as evolution activity similar to the state-of-the-art catalysts...

Novel NaCox Oy adsorbents were fabricated by air calcination of (Na,Co)-organic frameworks at 700 °C. The NaCox Oy crystallized as hexagonal microsheets of 100-200 nm thickness with the presence of some polyhedral nanocrystals. The surface area was in the range of 1.15-1.90 m2  g-1 . X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirmed Co2+ and Co3+ sites in MOFs, which were preserved in NaCox Oy . The synthesized adsorbents were studied for room-temperature H2 S removal in both dry and moist conditions...

Background: In today's world, the mass media plays an important role, and it can provide a unified platform for all public health communication, comprehensive healthcare education, and guidelines. As a result, we investigated the various types of general health and oral health messages and advertisements broadcast through various forms of mass media. Objective: The main objective is to identify & analyze the health & oral-health related dialogue and messages with the content of the mass media...

Introduction: Integrated counseling and testing center (ICTC) forms the major forum under the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) for counseling and testing of HIV-suspected patients. ICTC setup in a tertiary care institute also provides a chance for opportunistic screening of large number of individuals. Aims: The study was done to assess and to profile the ICTC clients with respect to their seropositivity rate, their biological and behavioral risk factors, and seroconcordance rate...

Context: HIV continues to be a major global public health issue. Links between sex work and HIV vulnerability have been recognized since the earliest days of the epidemic. Targeted Interventions (TIs) are aimed at offering prevention and care services to high risk populations within communities. Present research is an endeavor to grasp the different aspects indigenous to NGOs implementing TI projects. Aim: To understand the perspectives of NGOs implementing TIs projects for prevention of HIV/AIDS in Female Sex Workers...

Background: The National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) of India created the Regional Pediatric Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Center; this was subsequently upgraded to seven Pediatric Centers of Excellence (PCoEs) to strengthen the quality of treatment and care of children living with HIV/AIDS (CLHAs). In October 2013, the pediatric HIV telemedicine initiative, an e-decentralized (care provided by local healthcare providers and support provided by a central agency through telemedicine facilities) model of expert pediatric HIV care and referral services, was established as a pilot project at the Pediatric Center of Excellence for HIV Care in Maharashtra...

OBJECTIVES: As per National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) estimates, there are 2.1 million people living with HIV (PWH) in India, of whom 1.2 million are on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). This study explored the use of a single-tablet regimen containing tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg + lamivudine 300 mg + efavirenz 400 mg (TLE400 STR) as a first-line switch strategy in PWH in Pune, India. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in private sector ART clinics in three tertiary-level hospitals in Pune, India...

The ongoing development of new production methods may lead to the commercialization of N -acetyl chitooligosaccharides (NACOS), such as chitosan oligosaccharides (COS). The bioactivity of NACOS, although not well detailed, differs from that of COS, as they have more acetyl groups than COS. We used two enzymatically produced NACOS with different molecular compositions and six NACOS (NACOS1-6) with a single degree of polymerization to verify their immunomodulatory effects on the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line...

Background & objectives: The National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) and the ICMR-National Institute of Medical Statistics, the nodal agency for conducting HIV estimations in India, have been generating HIV estimates regularly since 2003. The objective of this study was to describe India's biennial HIV estimation 2017 process, data inputs, tool, methodology and epidemiological assumptions used to generate the HIV estimates and trends of key indicators for 2010-2017 at national and State/Union Territory levels...

In transition metal (M) compounds, the partial substitution of the host transition metal (Mh ) to guest one (Mg ) is effective to improve the functionality. To microscopically comprehend the substitution effect, degree of distribution of Mg is crucial. Here, we propose that a systematic EXAFS analysis against the Mg concentration can reveal the spatial distribution of Mg . We chose NaCo1-x Fex O2 as a prototypical M compound and investigated the local intermetal distance around the guest Fe [dFe-M (x)] against Fe concentration (x)...

Background & objectives: Nearly 5,500 tests for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had been conducted on March 31, 2020 across the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)-approved public and private laboratories in India. Given the need to rapidly increase testing coverage, we undertook an exercise to explore and quantify interventions to increase the daily real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)-based testing capacity over the next few months. The objective of this exercise was to prepare a potential plan to scale-up COVID-19 testing in India in the public sector...

Context: A downward trend is being observed in the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in India due to strategic activities of National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) in the last 24 years. Opt-out testing has consistently shown high seroprevalence in our tertiary care center. Aim: This study aims to audit opt-out testing and compare various commercial test kits used to detect HIV seroprevalence in patients in our tertiary care institute and suggest new algorithm for HIV testing in tertiary hospitals in India...

Sr Director:Desde que la FDA (Food and Drug Administration) aprobó el uso de los nuevos fármacos  anticoagulantes orales (NACOs) para la fibrilación auricular en octubre de 2010, ha habido un  aumento exponencial en la prescripción de estos medicamentos, de forma que gradualmente están reemplazando a los tradicionales antagonistas de la vitamina K (AVK) como un nuevo estándar enanticoagulación oral (1).

HIV AIDS epidemic currently in India is quite under control, the efforts of NACO and community at large has lead to this. The current prevalence of HIV among adults is around) 0.3%, the widespread prevention and control strategies are the main reason behind the same. HAART coverage has also increased significantly which has played a major role in not only controlling the epidemic but also in the change of clinical scenario and clinical affection in patients of HIV AIDS. The neurological complications arising in HIV patients, either due to opportunistic infections or due to the disease per say have also declined due to early and effective HAART...

Since September 2015, the World Health Organization has recommended antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, regardless of clinical stage or CD4 count (1). This Treat All policy was based on evidence that ART initiation early in HIV infection as opposed to waiting for the CD4 count to decline to certain levels (e.g., <500 cells/mm3 , per previous guidelines), was associated with reduced morbidity, mortality, and HIV transmission (2-4). Further, approximately half of persons enrolled in non-ART care that included monitoring for HIV disease progression (i...