NACOs

Background The severity of AIDS and the social and personal implications of HIV makes the epidemiological study of HIV more difficult. Surveillance studies remain the mainstay of understanding the trends of HIV infection. In this study, we aimed to determine the trend in the prevalence of HIV in the antenatal women attending our hospital situated in the western region of India over the period of the last nine years and the ART adherence and the viral loads of the cluster of positive patients identified from this antenatal HIV testing...

BACKGROUND: Immediate start of antiretroviral treatment (ART) among non-hospitalized outpatient children living with HIV may improve or worsen clinical outcomes due to immune reconstitution. OBJECTIVE: Role of immediate versus post-stabilization start of antiretroviral treatment in children and youths living with HIV on CD4 count and viral load suppression. METHODS: This was a single blinded, randomized controlled trial conducted on outpatients attending a tertiary care hospital associated HIV clinic in North India...

In this study, Ce4+ -doped Ni-Al mixed oxides (NACO) were synthesized and comprehensively characterized for their potential application in fluoride adsorption. NACOs were examined using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), revealing a sheet-like morphology with a nodular appearance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the formation of mixed oxides of cubic crystal structure, with characteristic planes (111), (200), and (220) at 2 θ values of 37.63°, 43...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) in children with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and in controls. Also, to compare body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, skin-fold thickness (SFT), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), lipid profile, blood pressure, lipodystrophy syndrome (LDS), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children with HIV and in controls and to determine association between lipid profile, LDS, liver amino-transferases, NAFLD, BMI, body fat percentage, SFT, WHtR and CIMT...

BACKGROUND: In India, HIV prevalence varies by region and high-risk groups. General population rates have decreased in high prevalence states through HIV Sentinel Surveillance among pregnant women, while low-moderate prevalence states show variable trends. Gujarat, in western India, has mixed HIV prevalence according to 2017 Sentinel Surveillance data. OBJECTIVES: To study the level and trend of HIV positivity among pregnant women and high-risk groups (HRGs) across different districts of the state of Gujarat from year 2012-13 to 2016-17...

BACKGROUND: Antiretroviral drugs are efficacious but are associated with long-term toxicities, drug interactions, and emergence of drug resistance. OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence and pattern of adverse drug reactions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients receiving first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) (tenofovir, efavirenz, and lamivudine (TEL) which was introduced by NACO in 2013. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, single-center observational study that included 135 treatment-naive HIV patients who were started on fixed drug once-daily regimen (TEL)...

Surface alkali metal ions are typically utilized as available promoters for ambient HCHO oxidation. In this study, NaCo2 O4 nanodots with two different preferential crystallographic orientations are synthesized by facile attachment to SiO2 nanoflakes with varying degrees of lattice defects. A unique Na-rich environment is established through interlayer Na+ diffusion based on the small size effect. The optimized catalyst Pt/HNaCo2 O4 /T2 can deal with HCHO below 5 ppm in the static measurement system with a sustained release background and produces approximately 40 ppm of CO2 in 2 h...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection poses a major public health challenge in Indian settings due to its huge population and easy transmissibility of HCV among individuals who inject drugs (PWID, which is increasing in India). The National AIDS Control Organization (NACO), India has started the Opioid Substitution Therapy (OST) centers to improve the health status of opioid dependent PWID and prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS among them. We conducted a cross-sectional study to find out the HCV sero-positive status and associated determinants in patients attending the OST centre in the ICMR-RMRIMS, Patna...

Heterobimetallic base NaCo(HMDS)3 [HMDS = N(SiMe3 )2 ] enables regioselective di-cobaltation of activated polyfluoroarenes under mild reaction conditions. For 1,3,5-C6 H2 X3 (X= Cl, F), NaCo(HMDS)3 in excess at 80 °C impressively induces the collective cleavage of five bonds (two C-H and three C-X) of the substrates via a cascade activation process that cannot be replicated by LiCo(HMDS)3 or KCo(HMDS)3 .

CONTEXT: Reproductive tract infections/sexual tract infections (RTI/STIs) have a huge economic impact in terms of costs of healthcare, loss of productivity and the long-term sequelae. AIMS: This study was aimed at documenting the pattern of RTI/STIs and clinico-epidemiological profiles of patients attending an STI clinic. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Seventy-six female patients attending the STI clinic at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS Rishikesh between November 2017 and March 2018 were recruited after taking informed verbal consent in this cross-sectional study...

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss among the elderly. The progression of AMD is closely related to oxidative stress in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Here, a series of chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs) and N -acetylated derivatives (NACOSs) were prepared, and their protective effects on an acrolein-induced oxidative stress model of ARPE-19 were explored using the MTT assay. The results showed that COSs and NACOs alleviated APRE-19 cell damage induced by acrolein in a concentration-dependent manner...

Evidence on the effectiveness and comparative effectiveness of stent implantation and balloon angioplasty for native coarctation of the aorta (CoA) and recurrent CoA separately is lacking. The present meta-analysis was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of stent implantation and balloon angioplasty in native (NaCo) and recurrent (ReCo) CoA.A systematic computerized literature search was conducted to retrieve all relevant studies of stent implantation and balloon angioplasty for CoA. Both single-arm and comparative studies were included...

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OBJECTIVES: To understand the perceptions of the private HIV physicians regarding HIV case management and reporting practices followed by the National AIDS Control Programme, India. METHODS: We conducted this cross-sectional study among 142 private practitioners attending Chennai ART Symposium 2017, from five south Indian states. We used a pre-structured questionnaire to collect information on demography, qualification, the number of HIV patients treated, ART regimen, and the reporting practices...

This research investigates the machinability of Inconel 718 under conventional machining speeds using three different tool coatings in comparison with uncoated tool during milling operation. Cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut were selected as variable machining parameters to analyze output responses including surface roughness, burr formation and tool wear. It was found that uncoated and AlTiN coated tools resulted in lower tool wear than nACo and TiSiN coated tools. On the other hand, TiSiN coated tools resulted in highest surface roughness and burr formation...

Poly(malic acid) (PMLA) is a water-soluble, biodegradable, biocompatible, and nontoxic polyester in the poly(hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) family. it features various applications in pharmaceutical field. Here, NaCo(CO)4 and pyridine derivatives are employed for direct carbonylative polymerization of benzyl glycidate (BG) for poly(β-malic acid) production. Further investigation on reaction mechanism reveals that this polymerization undergoes a direct chain growth, rather than a sequential process involving β-lactone intermediate...

While cobalt complexes have already shown their potential for C-H and C-F bond activation of fluoroarenes, their reactivity as metalating agents via Co-H exchange towards these substrates has not been explored. Herein, we report a Co(HMDS) 2 [HMDS = N(SiMe 3 ) 2 ] system which, when synergistically enhanced via sodium amide Na(HMDS) mediation, can render chemo- and regioselective cobaltation of a series of fluoroarenes to produce a new class of homoleptic square planar [Na 2 CoAr 4 ] complexes. Density functional theory calculations elucidate the key roles of the Na/Co counterparts in a stepwise sodiation/cobalt transmetalation process, leading to this novel C-H metalation...

Background: Blood supply management amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic became a cause of concern. Blood donations in the pandemic reduced significantly because of travel restrictions and fear of contracting the virus by visiting blood banks. The WHO (World Health Organization), NACO (National AIDS Control Organization) and the SBTC (State Blood Transfusion Council) published guidelines to ensure the safety of blood donors and staff during the pandemic and to ensure correct procedures are followed...

Polycrystalline samples of NaCo2-x Cux O4 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05) were obtained from powder precursors synthesized by a mechanochemically assisted solid-state reaction method (MASSR) and a citric acid complex method (CAC). Ceramic samples were prepared by pressing into disc-shaped pellets and subsequently sintering at 880 °C in an argon atmosphere. Effects of low concentrations of Cu doping and the above-mentioned synthesis procedures on the thermoelectric and mechanical properties were observed. The electrical resistivity ( ρ ), the thermal conductivity ( κ ) and the Seebeck coefficient ( S ) were measured simultaneously in the temperature gradient (Δ T ) between the hot and cold side of the sample, and the figure of merit ( ZT ) was subsequently calculated...

BACKGROUND: Patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) may require urgent procedures. Managing these patients is challenging due to different bleeding risks and may include laboratory testing, procedural delays, or haemostatic/reversal agent administration. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated management strategies and outcomes of urgent, non-haemostatic invasive procedures in patients treated with DOACs. METHODS AND RESULTS: In a descriptive cohort study, we prospectively evaluated 478 patients in the GIHP-NACO registry, from June 2013 to November 2015...