keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495709/photodynamic-treatment-of-malignant-melanoma-with-structured-light-in-silico-monte-carlo-modeling
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander Doronin, Vladislav V Yakovlev, Vanderlei S Bagnato
In this report, we propose a novel strategy for the photodynamic approach to the treatment of melanoma, aiming to mitigate the excessive absorption and consequent thermal effects. The cornerstone of this approach is an innovative structured illumination technique that optimizes light delivery to the tissue. The methodology of this in silico study involves the development of an optical model of human skin with the presence of melanoma and an accurate simulation technique of photon transport within the complex turbid scattering medium...
March 1, 2024: Biomedical Optics Express
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486166/development-and-validation-of-an-objective-virtual-reality-tool-for-assessing-technical-aptitude-among-potential-candidates-for-surgical-training
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Noa Gazit, Gilad Ben-Gal, Ron Eliashar
BACKGROUND: Good technical skills are crucial for surgeons. Yet although surgical training programs strive to assess technical aptitude when selecting surgical residents, valid assessments of such aptitude are still lacking. Surgical simulators have been proposed as a potentially effective tool for this purpose. The current study aims to develop a technical aptitude test using a virtual reality surgical simulator, and to validate its use for the selection of surgical residents. METHODS: The study had three phases...
March 14, 2024: BMC Medical Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38486095/prediction-of-dna-origami-shape-using-graph-neural-network
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chien Truong-Quoc, Jae Young Lee, Kyung Soo Kim, Do-Nyun Kim
Unlike proteins, which have a wealth of validated structural data, experimentally or computationally validated DNA origami datasets are limited. Here we present a graph neural network that can predict the three-dimensional conformation of DNA origami assemblies both rapidly and accurately. We develop a hybrid data-driven and physics-informed approach for model training, designed to minimize not only the data-driven loss but also the physics-informed loss. By employing an ensemble strategy, the model can successfully infer the shape of monomeric DNA origami structures almost in real time...
March 14, 2024: Nature Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484023/immunoanalytical-detection-of-conserved-peptides-refining-the-universe-of-biomarker-targets-in-planetary-exploration
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pedro Mustieles-Del-Ser, David Ruano-Gallego, Víctor Parro
Ancient peptides are remnants of early biochemistry that continue to play pivotal roles in current proteins. They are simple molecules yet complex enough to exhibit independent functions, being products of an evolved biochemistry at the interface of life and nonlife. Their adsorption to minerals may contribute to their stabilization and preservation over time. To investigate the feasibility of conserved peptide sequences and structures as target biomarkers for the search for life on Mars or other planetary bodies, we conducted a bioinformatics selection of well-conserved ancient peptides and produced polyclonal antibodies for their detection using fluorescence microarray immunoassays...
March 14, 2024: Analytical Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481520/automated-heart-score-determination-via-chatgpt-honing-a-framework-for-iterative-prompt-development
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Conrad W Safranek, Thomas Huang, Donald S Wright, Catherine X Wright, Vimig Socrates, Rohit B Sangal, Mark Iscoe, David Chartash, R Andrew Taylor
OBJECTIVES: This study presents a design framework to enhance the accuracy by which large language models (LLMs), like ChatGPT can extract insights from clinical notes. We highlight this framework via prompt refinement for the automated determination of HEART (History, ECG, Age, Risk factors, Troponin risk algorithm) scores in chest pain evaluation. METHODS: We developed a pipeline for LLM prompt testing, employing stochastic repeat testing and quantifying response errors relative to physician assessment...
April 2024: Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38474905/lidar-dynamic-target-detection-based-on-multidimensional-features
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aigong Xu, Jiaxin Gao, Xin Sui, Changqiang Wang, Zhengxu Shi
To address the limitations of LiDAR dynamic target detection methods, which often require heuristic thresholding, indirect computational assistance, supplementary sensor data, or postdetection, we propose an innovative method based on multidimensional features. Using the differences between the positions and geometric structures of point cloud clusters scanned by the same target in adjacent frame point clouds, the motion states of the point cloud clusters are comprehensively evaluated. To enable the automatic precision pairing of point cloud clusters from adjacent frames of the same target, a double registration algorithm is proposed for point cloud cluster centroids...
February 20, 2024: Sensors
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38471170/multi-scale-adversarial-learning-with-difficult-region-supervision-learning-models-for-primary-tumor-segmentation
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shenhai Zheng, Qiuyu Sun, Xin Ye, Weisheng Li, Lei Yu, Chaohui Yang
Recently, deep learning techniques have found extensive application in accurate and automated segmentation of tumor regions. However, owing to the variety of tumor shapes, complex types, and unpredictability of spatial distribution, tumor segmentation still faces major challenges. Taking cues from the deep supervision and adversarial learning, we have devised a cascade-based methodology incorporating multi-scale adversarial learning and difficult-region supervision learning in this study to tackle these challenges...
March 12, 2024: Physics in Medicine and Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38470340/non-destructive-3d-exploration-of-silicate-glass-corrosion-a-combined-multiscale-approach-from-the-macro-to-the-nanoscale
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giulia Franceschin, Roberta Zanini, Gianluca Iori, Elena Longo, Giorgio Divitini, Giuliana Tromba, Arianna Traviglia
In this research, a comprehensive multi-technique analysis, including synchrotron-based X-ray micro-computed tomography, is used to visualize the microstructure of alteration in a very particular Roman glass fragment, in which millennia of corrosion history have not significantly impacted the integrity of the fragment itself. This exceptionally rare occurrence has allowed for the maximization of meaningful data acquisition, by examining the alteration structures from the macro to the nanoscale. This study elucidates the intricate mechanisms underlying glass corrosion when in contact with soil, providing quantitative data and phase correlations in the alteration structures...
March 12, 2024: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics: PCCP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464121/pocketgen-generating-full-atom-ligand-binding-protein-pockets
#9
Zaixi Zhang, Wanxiang Shen, Qi Liu, Marinka Zitnik
Designing small-molecule-binding proteins, such as enzymes and biosensors, is crucial in protein biology and bioengineering. Generating high-fidelity protein pockets-areas where proteins interact with ligand molecules-is challenging due to complex interactions between ligand molecules and proteins, flexibility of ligand molecules and amino acid side chains, and complex sequence-structure dependencies. Here, we introduce PocketGen, a deep generative method for generating the residue sequence and the full-atom structure within the protein pocket region that leverages sequence-structure consistency...
February 28, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461354/fretpredict-a-python-package-for-fret-efficiency-predictions-using-rotamer-libraries
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniele Montepietra, Giulio Tesei, João M Martins, Micha B A Kunze, Robert B Best, Kresten Lindorff-Larsen
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a widely-used and versatile technique for the structural characterization of biomolecules. Here, we introduce FRETpredict, an easy-to-use Python software to predict FRET efficiencies from ensembles of protein conformations. FRETpredict uses a rotamer library approach to describe the FRET probes covalently bound to the protein. The software efficiently and flexibly operates on large conformational ensembles such as those generated by molecular dynamics simulations to facilitate the validation or refinement of molecular models and the interpretation of experimental data...
March 9, 2024: Communications Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38457403/source-tracing-and-contagion-measurement-of-carbon-emission-trading-price-fluctuation-in-china-from-the-perspective-of-major-emergencies
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Binhong Wu, Hongyu Wang, Bangsheng Xie, Zhizhong Xie
Based on monthly economic data spanning from January 2015 to December 2022, we have established an analytical framework to examine the "Russia-Ukraine conflict-financial market pressure and energy market-China carbon emission trading prices." To achieve this objective, we developed indices for financial system pressure, the energy market, and investor sentiment, applying a mediation effects model to validate their transmission mechanisms. Subsequently, the TVP-SV-VAR model was employed to scrutinize the nonlinear impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on the valuation of China's carbon emission trading rights...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454469/development-and-validation-of-the-missed-intensive-nursing-care-scale
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Yang, Wen Zhou, Yan Gao, Taiqin Wu, Huan Zhang, Xiuni Gan
BACKGROUND: Missed nursing care is a pervasive issue in hospitals, nursing homes, and communities, posing a significant threat to patient safety and the quality of nursing care. It has adverse effects on patient satisfaction and the motivation of nursing staff. Understanding the causes and nature of these care omissions in clinical settings is essential for implementing effective interventions. This study aims to develop and validate a tool for assessing missed nursing care in adult intensive care units...
March 7, 2024: BMC Nursing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454424/design-and-validation-of-a-conceptual-model-regarding-impact-of-open-science-on-healthcare-research-processes
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maryam Zarghani, Leila Nemati-Anaraki, Shahram Sedghi, Abdolreza Noroozi Chakoli, Anisa Rowhani-Farid
INTRODUCTION: The development and use of digital tools in various stages of research highlight the importance of novel open science methods for an integrated and accessible research system. The objective of this study was to design and validate a conceptual model of open science on healthcare research processes. METHODS: This research was conducted in three phases using a mixed-methods approach. The first phase employed a qualitative method, namely purposive sampling and semi-structured interview guides to collect data from healthcare researchers and managers...
March 7, 2024: BMC Health Services Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454420/development-of-the-parental-experience-with-care-for-children-with-serious-illnesses-precious-quality-of-care-measure
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Felicia Jia Ler Ang, Mihir Gandhi, Truls Ostbye, Chetna Malhotra, Rahul Malhotra, Poh Heng Chong, Zubair Amin, Cristelle Chu-Tian Chow, Teresa Shu Zhen Tan, Komal Tewani, Eric Andrew Finkelstein
BACKGROUND: Parent-reported experience measures are part of pediatric Quality of Care (QoC) assessments. However, existing measures were not developed for use across multiple healthcare settings or throughout the illness trajectory of seriously ill children. Formative work involving in-depth interviews with parents of children with serious illnesses generated 66 draft items describing key QoC processes. Our present aim is to develop a comprehensive parent-reported experience measure of QoC for children with serious illnesses and evaluate its content validity and feasibility...
March 8, 2024: BMC Palliative Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450803/validating-care-and-treatment-scenarios-for-measuring-decisional-conflict-regarding-future-care-preferences-among-older-adults
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Craig Sinclair, Ling Yeoh, Ava Karusoo-Musumeci, Kirsten A Auret, Josephine M Clayton, Michelle Hilgeman, Elizabeth Halcomb, Ron Sinclair, Angelita Martini, Anne Meller, Rebecca Walton, Li Wei, Tiet-Hanh Dao-Tran, Susan Kurrle, Tracy Comans
OBJECTIVE: Decisional conflict is used increasingly as an outcome measure in advance care planning (ACP) studies. When the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS) is used in anticipatory decision-making contexts, the scale is typically tethered to hypothetical scenarios. This study reports preliminary validation data for hypothetical scenarios relating to life-sustaining treatments and care utilisation to inform their broader use in ACP studies. METHODS: Three hypothetical scenarios were developed by a panel of multidisciplinary researchers, clinicians and community representatives...
April 2024: Health Expectations: An International Journal of Public Participation in Health Care and Health Policy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38447150/hydrocarbon-extraction-with-ionic-liquids
#16
REVIEW
Gangqiang Yu, Chengna Dai, Ning Liu, Ruinian Xu, Ning Wang, Biaohua Chen
Separation and reaction processes are key components employed in the modern chemical industry, and the former accounts for the majority of the energy consumption therein. In particular, hydrocarbon separation and purification processes, such as aromatics extraction, desulfurization, and denitrification, are challenging in petroleum refinement, an industrial cornerstone that provides raw materials for products used in human activities. The major technical shortcomings in solvent extraction are volatile solvent loss, product entrainment leading to secondary pollution, low separation efficiency, and high regeneration energy consumption due to the use of traditional organic solvents with high boiling points as extraction agents...
March 6, 2024: Chemical Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38437080/designing-and-evaluating-a-vr-lobby-for-a-socially-enriching-remote-opera-watching-experience
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sueyoon Lee, Irene Viola, Silvia Rossi, Zhirui Guo, Ignacio Reimat, Kinga Lawicka, Alina Striner, Pablo Cesar
The latest social VR technologies have enabled users to attend traditional media and arts performances together while being geographically removed, making such experiences accessible despite budget, distance, and other restrictions. In this work, we aim at improving the way remote performances are shared by designing and evaluating a VR theatre lobby which serves as a space for users to gather, interact, and relive the common experience of watching a virtual opera. We conducted an initial test with experts (N=10, i...
March 4, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38436557/innovative-super-resolution-in-spatial-transcriptomics-a-transformer-model-exploiting-histology-images-and-spatial-gene-expression
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chongyue Zhao, Zhongli Xu, Xinjun Wang, Shiyue Tao, William A MacDonald, Kun He, Amanda C Poholek, Kong Chen, Heng Huang, Wei Chen
Spatial transcriptomics technologies have shed light on the complexities of tissue structures by accurately mapping spatial microenvironments. Nonetheless, a myriad of methods, especially those utilized in platforms like Visium, often relinquish spatial details owing to intrinsic resolution limitations. In response, we introduce TransformerST, an innovative, unsupervised model anchored in the Transformer architecture, which operates independently of references, thereby ensuring cost-efficiency by circumventing the need for single-cell RNA sequencing...
January 22, 2024: Briefings in Bioinformatics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38436493/linear-boltzmann-equation-solver-for-voxel-level-dosimetry-in-radiopharmaceutical-therapy-comparison-with-monte-carlo-and-kernel-convolution
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gunjan Kayal, Benjamin Van, George Andl, Cheng Tu, Todd Wareing, Scott Wilderman, Justin Mikell, Yuni K Dewaraja
BACKGROUND: With recent interest in patient-specific dosimetry for radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) and selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT), an increasing number of voxel-based algorithms are being evaluated. Monte Carlo (MC) radiation transport, generally considered to be the most accurate among different methods for voxel-level absorbed dose estimation, can be computationally inefficient for routine clinical use. PURPOSE: This work demonstrates a recently implemented grid-based linear Boltzmann transport equation (LBTE) solver for fast and accurate voxel-based dosimetry in RPT and SIRT and benchmarks it against MC...
March 4, 2024: Medical Physics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38429666/craniofacial-phenotyping-with-fetal-mri-a-feasibility-study-of-3d-visualisation-segmentation-surface-rendered-and-physical-models
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jacqueline Matthew, Alena Uus, Leah De Souza, Robert Wright, Abi Fukami-Gartner, Gema Priego, Carlo Saija, Maria Deprez, Alexia Egloff Collado, Jana Hutter, Lisa Story, Christina Malamateniou, Kawal Rhode, Jo Hajnal, Mary A Rutherford
This study explores the potential of 3D Slice-to-Volume Registration (SVR) motion-corrected fetal MRI for craniofacial assessment, traditionally used only for fetal brain analysis. In addition, we present the first description of an automated pipeline based on 3D Attention UNet trained for 3D fetal MRI craniofacial segmentation, followed by surface refinement. Results of 3D printing of selected models are also presented.Qualitative analysis of multiplanar volumes, based on the SVR output and surface segmentations outputs, were assessed with computer and printed models, using standardised protocols that we developed for evaluating image quality and visibility of diagnostic craniofacial features...
March 1, 2024: BMC Medical Imaging
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