Anemia and intubation risk

Background: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in December 2019 overlaps with the flu season. Methods: We compared clinical and laboratory results from 719 influenza and 973 COVID-19 patients from January to April 2020. We compiled laboratory results from the first 14 days of the hospitalized patients using parameters that are most significantly different between COVID-19 and influenza and hierarchically clustered COVID-19 patients. Findings: Compared to influenza, patients with COVID-19 exhibited a continued increase in white blood cell count, rapid decline of hemoglobin, more rapid increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and D-dimer, and higher level of alanine transaminase, C-reactive protein, ferritin, and fibrinogen...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop risk predictive models of 30-day mortality, morbidity, and major adverse limb events (MALE) after bypass surgery for aortoiliac occlusive disease (AIOD) and to compare their performances with a 5-Factor Frailty Index. METHODS: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program 2012-2017 Procedure Targeted Aortoiliac (Open) Participant Use Data Files were queried to identify all patients who had elective bypass for AIOD: femorofemoral bypass, aortofemoral bypass, and axillofemoral bypass (AXB)...

With the continuing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic coupled with phased reopening, it is critical to identify risk factors associated with susceptibility and severity of disease in a diverse population to help shape government policies, guide clinical decision making, and prioritize future COVID-19 research. In this retrospective case-control study, we used de-identified electronic health records (EHR) from the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Health System between March 9th, 2020 and June 14th, 2020 to identify risk factors for COVID-19 susceptibility (severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) PCR test positive), inpatient admission, and severe outcomes (treatment in an intensive care unit or intubation)...

The rapidly progressing of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global concern. This meta-analysis aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of current option of therapies for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS) besides COVID-19, in an attempt to identify promising therapy for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected patients. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and WANFANG DATA for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective cohort, and retrospective cohort studies that evaluated therapies (hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir/ritonavir-based therapy, and ribavirin-based therapy, etc...

BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibody production leading to inflammation in multiple organs; it commonly affects young women in their child-bearing years. Clinical manifestations are diverse and range from mild arthritis to diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH). DAH is a rare and devastating complication of SLE that carries a mortality rate of up to 50%, despite aggressive therapy. CASE REPORT A 21-year-old primigravida at 16 weeks gestation presents with a productive cough, rash, sore throat, and high-grade fever...

Background and Aim: Poor bowel preparation results in difficult colonoscopies, missed lesions, and repeat procedures. Identifying patient risk factors for poor bowel preparation, such as prolonged runway time and prolonged cecal intubation, will aid in interventions prior to a procedure. Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center analysis of 3 295 colonoscopies performed between May 2012 and November 2014. Indications for colonoscopy included gastrointestinal bleed and anemia, change in bowel habits, for screening, and others (including planning re-anastomoses, abdominal distension, family history and angioectasias)...

Background: Brown recluse spider (BRS) ( Loxosceles reclusa ) envenomation can cause local dermonecrotic lesions, constitutional symptoms, and potentially fatal hemolysis (i.e., cutaneous-hemolytic loxoscelism). As the incidence of hemolysis is low and the spider habitat is limited, little is known regarding the clinical course of cutaneous-hemolytic loxoscelism. Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study of patients following BRS envenomation over an eight-year period. Demographics, clinical course, laboratories, and interventions were assessed...

UNLABELLED: Kerosene poisoning is one of the most common accidental poisoning in children in developing countries due common use of kerosene in house-hold and unsafe storage practices. Aspiration pneumonitis is the most common manifestation of kerosene ingestion due to its low viscosity, high volatility, and low surface tension. The treatment of aspiration pneumonitis due to kerosene poisoning is symptomatic including oxygen support, respiratory monitoring, and careful monitoring of fluid balance...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate preoperative baseline anemia, stratified by severity as a function of hematocrit level, as a risk factor for perioperative complications in geriatric patients undergoing spinal procedures. BACKGROUND: Previous literature has examined the impact of anemia on risk for complications and adverse outcomes in patients undergoing elective spinal procedures. However, there is a paucity of literature analyzing the impact of anemia in the geriatric population, specifically...

Studies have demonstrated that during hysteroscopic myomectomy with bipolar diathermy, carbon monoxide is produced and enters the patient's circulation. However, little is known regarding the immediate or long-term sequelae of transient rises in carboxyhemoglobin levels during hysteroscopic surgery. This paper aims to suggest recommendations for acute evaluation, management, patient counseling, and future research. We present a case of a 36-year-old woman (Gravida 0, Para 0) with abnormal uterine bleeding-leiomyoma and resultant anemia, undergoing hysteroscopic resection of a large submucous myoma...

BACKGROUND: Little is known regarding the association of operative time with adverse events following foot and ankle surgery. This study tests whether greater operative time is associated with the occurrence of adverse events following open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of the ankle. METHODS: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for cases of ankle ORIF (primary CPT codes 27766, 27769, 27792, 27814, 27822, 27823) performed during 2005-2016...

BACKGROUND: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is a potentially life-threatening clinical condition. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate risk factors for life-threatening complications for patients with severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in a United States nationwide sample. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome admissions from 2002 to 2011 from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample were included in this study...

We aimed to identify risk factors of high hospitalization cost after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). TAVI expenditure is generally higher compared with surgical aortic valve replacement. We queried the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from January 2011 to September 2015 to identify those who underwent endovascular TAVI. Estimated cost of hospitalization was calculated by merging the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database with cost-to-charge ratios available from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project...

Candidates for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are generally older with multiple co-morbidities and are therefore susceptible to nonelective admissions before scheduled TAVI. Frequency, predictors, and outcomes of TAVI after nonelective admission are under-explored. We queried the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, an administrative database, from January 2012 to September 2015 to identify hospitalization in those age ≥50 who had transarterial TAVI. A propensity-matched cohort was created to compare the outcomes between nonelective and elective admission who had TAVI...

OBJECTIVES: Updated multi-institutional database studies assessing perioperative risk factors on 30-day morbidity and mortality after skull base surgeries are limited. We aim to identify perioperative risk factors and report the incidence of 30-day morbidity and mortality in adult patients after skull base surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We queried the 2007-2016 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement program database to identify patients who underwent anterior, middle, or posterior skull base surgery...

Inspired by the Choosing Wisely initiative, a group of pediatric anesthesiologists representing the German Working Group on Paediatric Anaesthesia (WAKKA) coined and agreed upon 10 concise positive ("dos") or negative ("don'ts") evidence-based recommendations. (i) In infants and children with robust indications for surgical, interventional, or diagnostic procedures, anesthesia or sedation should not be avoided or delayed due to the potential neurotoxicity associated with the exposure to anesthetics. (ii) In children without relevant preexisting illnesses (ie, ASA status I/II) who are scheduled for elective minor or medium-risk surgical procedures, no routine blood tests should be performed...

BACKGROUND: Biochemical diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency (AI) is difficult in the context of traumatic brain injury (TBI). AIM: To assess the frequency and predictive factors of AI in victims of TBI from Algiers. METHODS: Between November 2009 and December 2013, TBI victims had a single 8-9 am serum cortisol measurement during the acute postinjury period (0-7 days). AI was defined according to basal cortisol levels of 83, 276 and 414 nmol/L...

Many studies have implicated operative length as a predictor of post-operative complications, including venous thromboembolism [deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE)]. We analyzed the American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database from 2006 to 2014, to evaluate whether length of operation had a statistically significant effect on post-operative complications in patients undergoing surgical resection of meningioma. Patients were included for this study if they had a post-operative diagnosis of meningioma...

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BACKGROUND: Maternal near misses occur more often than maternal deaths and could enable more comprehensive analysis of risk factors, short-term outcomes and prognostic factors of complications during pregnancy and childbirth. The study determined the incidence, determinants and prognostic factors of severe maternal outcomes (near miss or maternal death) in two referral hospitals in Uganda. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted between March 1, 2013 and February 28, 2014, where cases of severe pregnancy and childbirth complications were included...