Rosuvastatin in Chronic Kidney Disease

A different drug-drug interaction (DDI) scenario may exist in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with healthy volunteers (HVs), depending on the interplay between drug-drug and disease (drug-drug-disease interaction (DDDI)). Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, in lieu of a clinical trial, is a promising tool for evaluating these complex DDDIs in patients. However, the prediction confidence of PBPK modeling in the severe CKD population is still low when nonrenal pathways are involved...

BACKGROUND: Rhabdomyolysis is a potentially life-threatening disease caused by melting or necrosis of skeletal muscle cells and leakage of muscle components into the bloodstream. It has been reported that the interaction of the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor rosuvastatin with the renal anemia drug vadadustat increases the blood concentration of rosuvastatin in vitro. In this study, we report a case of suspected rhabdomyolysis caused by the drug interaction of rosuvastatin and vadadustat in clinical practice...

BACKGROUND: Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are a vital intervention for patients requiring hemodialysis, but they also contribute to overall mortality due to access malfunction. The most common cause of both AVF non-maturation and secondary failure is neointimal hyperplasia (NIH). Absorbable polycaprolactone (PCL) perivascular wraps can address these complications by incorporating drugs to attenuate NIH, such as rosuvastatin (ROSU), and metallic nanoparticles for visualization and device monitoring...

BACKGROUND: Millions of individuals worldwide use statins, and their significant impact on cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been well-established. However, a lack of knowledge about the up-to-date guideline recommendations regarding statin therapy is a common barrier to implementation in clinical practice. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the current clinical knowledge about statin therapy and its monitoring parameters. Also, we evaluated the barriers to cholesterol management guideline implementation in Yemen...

This study tested the hypothesis that intrarenal arterial transfusion of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) jeopardized the residual renal function and kidney architecture in rat chronic kidney disease ((CKD), i.e., induced by 5/6 nephrectomy) that was reversed by rosuvastatin. Cell culture was categorized into A1 (NRK-52E cells), A2 (NRK-52E + TGF-β), A3 (NRK-52E + TGF-β + ox-LDL) and A4 (NRK-52E + TGF-β + ox-LD). The result of in vitro study showed that cell viability (at 24, 48 and 72 h), NRK-52E ox-LDL-uptake, protein expressions of epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) markers (i...

BACKGROUND: Despite reports of hematuria and proteinuria with rosuvastatin use at the time of its approval by the US Food and Drug Association (FDA), little postmarketing surveillance exists to assess real-world risk. Current labeling suggests dose reduction (maximum daily dose of 10 mg) for patients with severe CKD. METHODS: Using deidentified electronic health record data, we analyzed 152,101 and 795,799 new users of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin, respectively, from 2011 to 2019...

BACKGROUND: A subpopulation of statin users such as subjects with chronic kidney disease (CKD), Human Immune virus (HIV), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), revascularization, metabolic syndrome, and/or diabetes may particularly benefit from pitavastatin pharmacotherapy. AIM: The current systematic review aimed systematically to evaluate the effect of pitavastatin on primary cardiac events in subjects receiving pitavastatin in comparison to the other four statin members...

Background: Ageing and chronic kidney disease (CKD) affect pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. Since mechanisms are related and remain unclear, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A and drug transporter activities were investigated in the elderly with or without CKD and compared to healthy adults using a microdose cocktail. Methods: Healthy young participants ( n = 20), healthy elderly participants ( n = 16) and elderly patients with CKD ( n = 17) received, in study period 1, a single dose of microdose cocktail probe containing 30 µg midazolam, 750 µg dabigatran etexilate, 100 µg atorvastatin, 10 µg pitavastatin, and 50 µg rosuvastatin...

Statins or 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors are a mainstay of cardiovascular disease therapy. In addition to their lipid-lowering capabilities, they exhibit several pleiotropic effects. Their adverse reactions such as myalgias are not uncommon, but in rare cases, the resulting rhabdomyolysis can be fatal. Recently, more insight has been brought into the pathogenesis of statin-induced rhabdomyolysis, and immune-mediated necrotizing myopathies are diagnosed more frequently. We present a case of a female patient who was on chronic rosuvastatin therapy and developed necrotizing myopathy...

BACKGROUND: Biomarkers of fibrosis are associated with outcome in several cardiovascular diseases. However, their relevance to chronic kidney disease and dialysis is uncertain, as it remains unclear how the kidneys and the dialysis procedure itself affect their elimination and degradation. We aimed to investigate the relationship of the blood levels of two markers associated with fibrosis: procollagen type I C-terminal pro-peptide (PICP) and galectin-3 (Gal-3) with mortality in dialysis patients...

Statins and colchicine co-administration consists of a potentially catastrophic drug-drug interaction since it provokes myotoxicity, myopathy and various degrees of rhabdomyolysis. Lipophilic statins and colchicine are biotransformed in the liver, primarily via CYP3A4 enzyme system leading to elevated blood levels of both agents and resulting in increased potential for combined myotoxicity. Hence, it would be of great clinical importance not only the awareness of this devastating complication but also the more advantageous type of statin that we should choose to achieve the recommended therapeutic goals regarding LDL levels with minimal myopathy risk...

BACKGROUND: The implications of removing the adjustment for Black race in equations to eGFR on the prevalence of CKD and management strategies are incompletely understood. METHODS: We estimated changes in CKD prevalence and the potential effect on therapeutic drug prescriptions and prediction of kidney failure if race adjustment were removed from the CKD-EPI GFR estimating equation. We used cross-sectional and longitudinal data from adults aged ≥18 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2015 to 2016, and the Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System in 2015...

Although previous studies have indicated that statin therapy can effectively prevent the development of CIN, this observation remains controversial, especially in high-risk patients. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy of statin pretreatment for preventing the development of CIN in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to determine its effectiveness in various subgroups. We searched the online databases PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. RCTs that involved the comparison of the short-term moderate or high-dose statin pretreatment with placebo for CIN prevention in CKD patients undergoing angiography were included...

Background Inappropriate medication dosing can cause adverse drug reactions or ineffective therapy due to declined renal function in patients with renal insufficiency. This necessitates proper renal dose adjustment. This study was proposed to evaluate medication dosage adjustment in hospitalized chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods This study included all CKD patients hospitalized between May 1, 2019, and April 25, 2020, at the Institute of Kidney Disease, Peshawar, Pakistan. The estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula, and dose appropriateness was established by evaluating practice with relevant reference books...

BACKGROUND: Potentially inappropriately prescribed medications (PIPMs) among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may vary among clinical settings. Rates of PIPM are unknown among Medicare-enrolled Medication Therapy Management (MTM) eligible patients. OBJECTIVES: Determine prevalence of PIPM among patients with CKD and evaluate characteristics of patients and providers associated with PIPM. DESIGN: An observational cross-sectional investigation of a Medicare insurance plan for the year 2018...

Background: Very limited therapeutic strategies exist to prevent the primary failure of arteriovenous (AV) fistulas in patients with diabetes. Objectives: To investigate whether rosuvastatin could improve the primary patency of AV fistulas in diabetic patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: This was a double-blind randomized clinical trial. From July 2012 to September 2018, patients aged between 18 and 65 years with type 2 diabetes and stage 5 CKD were randomized to receive placebo or rosuvastatin (5 mg/day) for 7 days prior to the creation of an AV fistula on the forearm until the 21st day after surgery...

A number of metabolic disorders, including hyperlipidemia, potentially cause chronic kidney disease (CKD), one of their major chronic complications and comorbidities. Rosuvastatin is one of the widely used antiatherogenic drugs among hyperlipidemic patients. Meanwhile, sarpogrelate is not only a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist but also an antiplatelet agent, inhibiting platelet-stimulated blood coagulation and improving peripheral circulation. In this study, a combination of sarpogrelate and/or rosuvastatin was used on CKD mice induced by a high-fat diet for 8 weeks...

Case (description): A 74 years old Caucasian suffering from chronic kidney disease presented with progressive asthenia and diffuse myalgia. It was revealed that the patient used three different rosuvastatin-containing preparations in a total daily dose of 120 mg for 76 days. Laboratory investigations revealed a marked elevation of serum urea, creatinine, myoglobin, creatine kinase (CK) and transaminases. Two serious medication errors have been identified as possible major factors that synergistically contributed to the development of rosuvastatin-induced rhabdomyolysis...

BACKGROUND: The rates of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity are increased in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). Mild to moderate CKD is associated with an increase in cardiovascular events. This study aims to investigate the effects of statins on patient mortality and cardiac events. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS: Studies on statins (atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, and simvastatin + ezetimibe) in Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Science Citation Index Expanded databases from 1970 to February 2019 were analyzed...

OBJECTIVES: Hypercholesterolemia is a common metabolic disorder in developing and developed countries and is associated with the increased rates of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Statin therapy could reduce cholesterol synthesis as well as progression of CKD. Diversity between statins causes variety in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and also their pleiotropic effects. In the present investigation we aimed to evaluate the protective potentials of both atorvastatin (Ator) (as lipid-soluble statin) and rosuvastatin (Ros) (as water-soluble statin) against renal histopathological damages in the high cholesterol diet induced hypercholesterolemic rats (HCDIHR)...