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# Multi-state model

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#1
Dmitry Dmitriev, Valery Krivnov
We consider a spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ kagome-like chain with competing ferro- and antiferromagnetic anisotropic exchange interactions. The ground state phase diagram of this model consists of the ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic phases. We study the ground state and the low-temperature properties on the phase boundary between these phases. The ground state on this phase boundary is macroscopically degenerate and consists of localized magnon states. We calculate the ground state degeneracy and corresponding residual entropy...
March 24, 2017: Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter: An Institute of Physics Journal
#2
Orso Pusterla, Grzegorz Bauman, Oliver Bieri
PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility of 3D oxygen-enhanced (OE) MRI of the lung at 1.5T using multi-volumetric ultra-fast balanced steady-state free precession (ufSSFP) acquisitions. METHODS: Isotropic imaging of the lung for OE-MRI was performed with an adapted 3D ufSSFP sequence using five breath-hold acquisitions ranging from functional residual capacity to tidal inspiration under both normoxic (room air) and hyperoxic (100% O2 ) gas conditions. For each O2 concentration, a sponge model (which captures the parenchymal signal intensity variation as a function of the lung volume) was fitted to the acquired multi-volumetric datasets after semiautomatic lung segmentation and deformable image registration...
March 24, 2017: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine: Official Journal of the Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
#3
Qiangchang Wang, Yuanjie Zheng, Gongping Yang, Weidong Jin, Xinjian Chen, Yilong Yin
We propose a new Multi-scale Rotation-invariant Convolutional Neural Network (MRCNN) model for classifying various lung tissue types on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). MRCNN employs Gabor-local binary pattern (Gabor-LBP) which introduces a good property in image analysis - invariance to image scales and rotations. In addition, we offer an approach to deal with the problems caused by imbalanced number of samples between different classes in most of the existing works, accomplished by changing the overlapping size between the adjacent patches...
March 21, 2017: IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
#4
Jie Guo, Tingfa Xu, Guokai Shi, Zhitao Rao, Xiangmin Li
In this paper, we propose a multi-view structural local subspace tracking algorithm based on sparse representation. We approximate the optimal state from three views: (1) the template view; (2) the PCA (principal component analysis) basis view; and (3) the target candidate view. Then we propose a unified objective function to integrate these three view problems together. The proposed model not only exploits the intrinsic relationship among target candidates and their local patches, but also takes advantages of both sparse representation and incremental subspace learning...
March 23, 2017: Sensors
#5
Narayan Yoganandan, John Humm, Frank Pintar, Heather Rhule, Kevin Moorhouse, Brian Suntay, Jim Stricklin, Rodney Rudd, Matthew Craig
Structured ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the responses of male and female WorldSID dummies with post mortem human subject (PMHS) responses in full-scale vehicle tests. METHODS: Tests were conducted according to the FMVSS-214 protocols and using the United States Side impact New Car Assessment Program change in velocity to match PMHS experiments, published earlier. Moving deformable barrier (MDB) tests were conducted with the male and female surrogates in the left front and left rear seats...
March 23, 2017: Traffic Injury Prevention
#6
Xiaoyan Shen, Shuyin Wang, Kang Dai, Yifan Shen, Anthony J McCaffery
We report separate experimental and theoretical studies of the equilibration of highly excited LiH (v = 10; J = 2) in H2 at 680 K. Experiments that follow the time evolution of state-to-state population transfer in multi-collision conditions with μs resolution were carried out by Shen and co-workers at Xinjiang University and East China Institute of Science and Technology. At the same time, theoretical computations on the relaxation of this gas mixture were undertaken by McCaffery and co-workers at Sussex University...
March 21, 2017: Journal of Chemical Physics
#7
Anna Gonzalez-Tendero, Chong Zhang, Vedrana Balicevic, Rubén Cárdenes, Sven Loncaric, Constantine Butakoff, Bruno Paun, Anne Bonnin, Patricia Garcia-Cañadilla, Emma Muñoz-Moreno, Eduard Gratacós, Fatima Crispi, Bart Bijnens
Background: While individual cardiac myocytes only have a limited ability to shorten, the heart efficiently pumps a large volume-fraction thanks to a cell organization in a complex 3D fibre structure. Subclinical subtle cardiac structural remodelling is often present before symptoms arise. Understanding and early detection of these subtle changes is crucial for diagnosis and prevention. Additionally, personalized computational modelling requires knowledge on the multi-scale structure of the whole heart and vessels...
March 15, 2017: European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging
#8
Budhaditya Saha, Sunil Gupta, Dinh Phung, Svetha Venkatesh
Health analysis often involves prediction of multiple outcomes of mixed-type. Existing work is restrictive to either a limited number or specific outcome types. We propose a framework for mixed-type multi-outcome prediction. Our proposed framework proposes a cumulative loss function composed of a specific loss function for each outcome type - as an example, least square (continuous outcome), hinge (binary outcome), poisson (count outcome) and exponential (non-negative outcome). To model these outcomes jointly, we impose a commonality across the prediction parameters through a common matrix-Normal prior...
March 16, 2017: IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
#9
Yuchen Xing, Lai Wang, Di Yang, Zilan Wang, Zhibiao Hao, Changzheng Sun, Bing Xiong, Yi Luo, Yanjun Han, Jian Wang, Hongtao Li
Based on carrier rate equation, a new model is proposed to explain the non-exponential nature of time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) decay curves in the polar InGaN/GaN multi-quantum-well structures. From the study of TRPL curves at different temperatures, it is found that both radiative and non-radiative recombination coefficients vary from low temperature to room temperature. The variation of the coefficients is compatible with the carrier density of states distribution as well as the carrier localization process...
March 22, 2017: Scientific Reports
#10
REVIEW
Kelvin K L Wong, Defeng Wang, Jacky K L Ko, Jagannath Mazumdar, Thu-Thao Le, Dhanjoo Ghista
Cardiac dysfunction constitutes common cardiovascular health issues in the society, and has been an investigation topic of strong focus by researchers in the medical imaging community. Diagnostic modalities based on echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, chest radiography and computed tomography are common techniques that provide cardiovascular structural information to diagnose heart defects. However, functional information of cardiovascular flow, which can in fact be used to support the diagnosis of many cardiovascular diseases with a myriad of hemodynamics performance indicators, remains unexplored to its full potential...
March 21, 2017: Biomedical Engineering Online
#11
Manoj Sharma, Jagdish Khubchandani, Vinayak K Nahar
Background: Smoking continues to be a public health problem worldwide. Smoking and tobacco use are associated with cardiovascular diseases that include coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, cerebrovascular disease, and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Programs for quitting smoking have played a significant role in reduction of smoking in the United States. The smoking cessation interventions include counseling, nicotine replacement therapy, buproprion therapy, and varenicline therapy. The success rates with each of these approaches vary with clear need for improvement...
2017: Health Promotion Perspectives
#12
Sebastian Stolzenberg, Zheng Li, Matthias Quick, Lina Malinauskaite, Poul Nissen, Harel Weinstein, Jonathan A Javitch, Lei Shi
Neurotransmitter:sodium symporters (NSS) terminate neurotransmission by the reuptake of released neurotransmitters. This active accumulation of substrate against its concentration gradient is driven by the transmembrane Na+ gradient and requires that the transporter traverses several conformational states. LeuT, a prokaryotic NSS homolog, has been crystallized in outward-open, outward-occluded and inward-open states. Two crystal structures of another prokaryotic NSS homolog, the multi-hydrophobic amino acid transporter (MhsT) from Bacillus halodurans have been resolved in novel inward-occluded states, with the extracellular vestibule closed and the intracellular portion of TM5 (TM5i) in either an unwound or a helical conformation...
March 20, 2017: Journal of Biological Chemistry
#13
A Elahi, G Perez Algorta, F Varese, J C McIntyre, R P Bentall
BACKGROUND: There is widespread interest in whether psychosis exists on a continuum with healthy functioning. Previous research has implied that paranoia, a common symptom of psychosis, exists on a continuum but this has not been investigated using samples including both patients and non-patients and up-to-date taxometric methods. AIM: To assess the latent structure of paranoia in a diverse sample using taxometric methods. METHOD: We obtained data from 2836 participants, including the general population as well as at-risk mental state and psychotic patients using the P-scale of the Paranoia and Deservedness Scale...
March 17, 2017: Schizophrenia Research
#14
Gustavo Deco, Joana Cabral, Mark W Woolrich, Angus B A Stevner, Tim J van Hartevelt, Morten L Kringelbach
During rest, envelopes of band-limited on-going MEG signals co-vary across the brain in consistent patterns, which have been related to resting-state networks measured with fMRI. To investigate the genesis of such envelope correlations, we consider a whole-brain network model assuming two distinct fundamental scenarios: one where each brain area generates oscillations in a single frequency, and a novel one where each brain area can generate oscillations in multiple frequency bands. The models share, as a common generator of damped oscillations, the normal form of a supercritical Hopf bifurcation operating at the critical border between the steady state and the oscillatory regime...
March 14, 2017: NeuroImage
#15
Anet J N Anelone, Sarah K Spurgeon
It is demonstrated that the reachability paradigm from variable structure control theory is a suitable framework to monitor and predict the progression of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection following initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). A manifold is selected which characterises the infection-free steady-state. A model of HIV infection together with an associated reachability analysis is used to formulate a dynamical condition for the containment of HIV infection on the manifold. This condition is tested using data from two different HIV clinical trials which contain measurements of the CD4+ T cell count and HIV load in the peripheral blood collected from HIV infected individuals for the six month period following initiation of ART...
February 2017: IET Systems Biology
#16
M Schmidt, F M Zimmer, S G Magalhaes
The interplay between geometric frustration (GF) and bond disorder is studied in the Ising kagome lattice within a cluster approach. The model considers antiferromagnetic short-range couplings and long-range intercluster disordered interactions. The replica formalism is used to obtain an effective single cluster model from where the thermodynamics is analyzed by exact diagonalization. We found that the presence of GF can introduce cluster freezing at very low levels of disorder. The system exhibits an entropy plateau followed by a large entropy drop close to the freezing temperature...
April 26, 2017: Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter: An Institute of Physics Journal
#17
Hannah K Knudsen, Jamie L Studts
The Affordable Care Act (ACA) has been heralded as a major policy change that is expected to transform the delivery of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. Few studies have reported on the perceived impacts of ACA from the perspectives of SUD treatment providers, such as physicians who prescribe buprenorphine to patients with opioid use disorder. The present study describes buprenorphine prescribers' perceptions regarding impacts of the ACA on the delivery of buprenorphine and examines whether state-level approaches to implementing ACA are associated with its perceived impacts...
March 15, 2017: Journal of Psychoactive Drugs
#18
S M Mohnen, C C M Molema, W Steenbeek, M J van den Berg, S R de Bruin, C A Baan, J N Struijs
OBJECTIVE: Is the simple mean of the costs per diabetes patient a suitable tool with which to compare care groups? Do the total costs of care per diabetes patient really give the best insight into care group performance? DESIGN: Cross-sectional, multi-level study. METHOD: The 2009 insurance claims of 104,544 diabetes patients managed by care groups in the Netherlands were analysed. The data were obtained from Vektis care information centre...
2017: Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde
#19
Chin-Feng Lai, Ren-Hung Hwang, Ying-Hsun Lai
Sensors can be installed on various body parts to provide information for computer diagnosis to identify the current body state. However, as human posture is subject to gravity, the direction of the force on each limb differs. For example, the directions of gravitational force on legs and trunk differ. In addition, each person's height and structure of limbs differs, hence, the acceleration and rotation resulted from such differences on force and length of the limbs of a person in motion would be different, and be presented by cases of different postures...
April 2017: Journal of Medical Systems
#20
Christine Eymann, Christian Lassek, Uwe Wegner, Jörg Bernhardt, Ole Arno Fritsch, Stephan Fuchs, Andreas Otto, Dirk Albrecht, Ulf Schiefelbein, Tomislav Cernava, Ines Aschenbrenner, Gabriele Berg, Martin Grube, Katharina Riedel
Lichens are recognized by macroscopic structures formed by a heterotrophic fungus, the mycobiont, which hosts internal autotrophic photosynthetic algal and/or cyanobacterial partners, referred to as the photobiont. We analyzed structure and functionality of the entire lung lichen </i>Lobaria pulmonaria</i> L. Hoffm. collected from two different sites by state-of-the-art metaproteomics. In addition to the green algae and the ascomycetous fungus, a lichenicolous fungus, as well as a complex prokaryotic community (different from the cyanobacteria) was found, the latter dominated by methanotrophic Rhizobiales...
March 14, 2017: Journal of Proteome Research
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