Calcaneal fracture

BACKGROUND: Pressure distribution in the ankle joint is known to be dependent on various factors, including hindfoot alignment. We seek to evaluate how hindfoot alignment affects contact pressures in the ankle joint in the setting of supination external rotation (SER) type ankle fractures. METHODS: SER fractures were created in 10 human cadaver lower extremity specimens, simulating progressive stages of injury: without fracture (step 0), SER fracture and intact deltoid ligament (step 1), superficial deltoid ligament disruption (step 2), and deep deltoid ligament disruption (step 3)...

Spanning ankle external fixation is a commonly used technique for the treatment of fractures of the lower extremity. Traditionally, a single pin is placed in the safe zone of the calcaneus to provide a point of traction for fracture reduction and stabilization. Complications include infection and pin loosening with subsequent loss of fracture reduction. We aim to highlight the benefits and techniques of adding a second calcaneal pin to reduce the likelihood of infection, pin loosening, and possible loss of fracture reduction...

Background : The biomechanical outcomes of intra-articular calcaneal fracture treatment have not been fully explored. The purpose of this study was to analyze pedobarographic assessments of balance and body weight distribution over the lower limbs in patients following calcaneal fracture treatment with the Ilizarov method and to compare the results with those of a control group. Materials and Methods : The data for our retrospective study came from cases of intra-articular calcaneal fractures treated with the Polish modification of the Ilizarov method in the period between 2021 and 2022...

The aim of this study was to compare the radiological and functional outcomes of the extended lateral and sinus tarsi approaches for managing displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures. This retrospective study involved 44 patients with displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures. The patients were treated with either the extended lateral or sinus tarsi approach and followed up for at least a year. The radiological and clinical outcomes were compared between the approaches. The waiting time for surgery was shorter and the complication rate was lower in the sinus tarsi approach group than in the other group...

This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted landscape of calcaneal fractures, thoroughly examining their aetiology, clinical presentation, and diverse management strategies. Encompassing surgical and non-surgical approaches, the review scrutinises critical aspects such as patient compliance, rehabilitation protocols, and long-term follow-up considerations. Surgical modalities, propelled by recent innovations like minimally invasive techniques and advanced fixation materials, are juxtaposed with non-surgical interventions, emphasising the pivotal role of patient education and adherence to optimise outcomes...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the frequency of low back pain after calcaneal fractures treated with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) and the risk factors that cause this condition. METHODS: Thirty-one patients (27 males and 4 females) who underwent surgery for a unilateral calcaneal fracture between 2016 and 2020 and had no complaints of low back pain before fracture surgery were included in the study. The patients were divided into 2 groups: those who developed low back pain after the operation and those who did not...

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) represents the gold standard for measuring bone mineral density (BMD). However, its size and bulkiness limit its use in mass screening. Portable and easily accessible instruments are more suitable for this purpose. We conducted a study to assess the repeatability, sensitivity, accuracy, and validation of a new ultrasound densitometer for the calcaneus (OsteoSys BeeTLe) compared to standard DXA. BMD (g/cm2 ) was measured at the femoral and lumbar spine levels using DXA (Discovery Acclaim (Hologic, Waltham, MA, USA) or Lunar Prodigy (GE Healthcare, Madison, WI, USA) devices)...

Treatment of calcaneal fractures in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is challenging. The purpose of this study was to compare post-operative outcomes after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) for calcaneus fracture in patients with complicated DM, uncomplicated DM, and patients without DM. A commercially available de-identified database was queried for all calcaneus fracture diagnoses undergoing ORIF from 2010 to 2021. The patients were separated into three groups for analysis: patients without DM (10,951, 82...

INTRODUCTION: Treatment of posterior malleolar (PM) ankle fractures remains controversial. Despite increasing recommendation for small PM fragment fixation, high quality evidence demonstrating improved clinical outcomes over the unfixated PM is limited. We describe the long term clinical and radiographical outcomes in younger adult patients with PM ankle fractures managed without PM fragment fixation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed on PM ankle fracture patients aged 18-55 years old admitted under our orthopaedic unit between 1st of April 2009 and 31st of October 2013...

The differential diagnosis for heel pain is broad but primarily involves abnormalities of the Achilles tendon, calcaneus, and plantar fascia. Achilles tendon disorders include tendinosis, tendinitis, and partial or complete tears. Tendinosis refers to tendon degeneration, while tendinitis is inflammation after acute overload. Untreated tendinosis can progress to partial or complete tears. Tendon disorders can be accompanied by paratenonitis or inflammation of the loose sheath enclosing the tendon. Initial management involves rehabilitation and image-guided procedures...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effectiveness of interlocking intramedullary nail fixation system for Sanders type Ⅱ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures by comparing with open surgery. METHODS: Forty patients (40 feet) with Sanders type Ⅱ and Ⅲ calcaneal fractures, who were admitted between May 2020 and December 2022 and met the selection criteria, were included in the study. They were randomly allocated into control group and minimally invasive group using a random number table method, with 20 cases in each group...

BACKGROUND: Calcaneal fractures remain a big challenge in orthopaedic surgery and lead to long lasting disabilities. Cadaveric research plays an important role in determining optimal fracture treatment. This scoping review aims to provide insight into cadaveric research that has been conducted on calcaneal fractures, including biomechanics, fixation, approaches and radiographic studies. METHODOLOGY: A search strategy was created and implemented as per PRISMA guidance...

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: This manuscript aims to present the method of arthroscopic assisted subtalar arthrodesis and to evaluate the benefi ts of this surgery on our study population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the period from 9/2007 to 1/2020, a total of 33 subtalar arthrodesis were performed in 31 patients aged 19-66 years (mean 48 years, median 50 years). The indication for arthrodesis was subtalar arthritis causing pain and gait disorders, or hindfoot deformities (most commonly after a calcaneus bone fracture)...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to find probable correlation between postoperative radiologic variables and clinical outcomes of surgically treated calcaneal fractures. METHODS: In a retrospective study, 70 unilateral displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures in adults with follow-up more than 1 year were asked to have a visit. Weightbearing radiographs of both ankles were taken and radiologic parameters, including the differences in values in Böhler and Gissane angles in comparison with the uninjured side, and calcaneocuboid and subtalar joint arthritis based on the Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale, were evaluated...

Beak fractures represent a rare subtype of calcaneal fractures with potential risk of soft tissue complications due to compromised local perfusion. Early diagnosis and timely intervention are crucial to prevent necrosis, infection, and soft tissue defects. This case report describes a 71-year-old male with a beak fracture and delayed intervention with reoccurring soft tissue defects. Given the rarity of the condition, atypical presentation and need for urgent intervention, this emphasizes the importance of awareness of beak fractures of the calcaneus...

BACKGROUND: This work investigated the differences in the biomechanical properties of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) and percutaneous minimally invasive fixation (PMIF) for the fixation of calcaneal fractures (Sanders type II and III calcaneal fractures as examples) through finite element analysis. METHODS: Based on CT images of the human foot and ankle, according to the principle of three-point fixation, namely the sustentaculum tali, the anterior process and the calcaneal tuberosity were fixed...

OBJECTIVE: Traditional internal fixation of calcaneus fractures, involving lateral L-shaped incisions and plate fixation, has disadvantages such as increased operative exposure, eccentric plate fixation, and complications. The aim of this study was to design a Spatial Weaving Intra-calcaneal Fixator System (SWIFS) for the treatment of complex calcaneal fractures and to compare its biomechanical properties with those of traditional calcaneal plates. METHODS: The computed tomography (CT) data of the normal adult calcaneus was used for modeling, and the largest trapezoidal column structure was cut and separated from the model and related parameters were measured...

The Omoto technique is a well-known method that is commonly used for non-invasive manual repair of calcaneal fractures. However, there have been no detailed studies on its clinical outcomes in preoperative closed reduction for surgical cases. This multicenter retrospective study aimed to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of calcaneal fractures treated with and without the preoperative Omoto technique, assessing its effectiveness. We extracted 335 patients with calcaneal fracture who underwent surgery between 2015 and 2020 from our multicenter database, named TRON...

BACKGROUND: Posterior pilon fracture is speculated to occur by a combination of rotation and axial load, which makes it different from rotational posterior malleolar fracture or pilon fracture, but is not validated in vitro. The aim of the current study is to investigate the injury mechanisms of posterior pilon fracture on cadaveric specimens. METHODS: Eighteen cadaveric specimens were mounted to a loading device to undergo solitary vertical loading, solitary external rotational loading, and combined vertical and external rotational loading until failure, in initial position of plantarflexion with or without varus...

INTRODUCTION: The main differentials of non-traumatic heel pain are plantar fasciitis (PF), plantar heel fat pad atrophy, worn-out footwear, especially asymmetric wear and tear, hyperuricemia, corns, callosities, tumors of the calcaneum, osteomyelitis, calcaneal stress fractures due to overweight or unaccustomed over usage, radiating pain from S1 nerve root compression, and seronegative spondyloarthropathies. Compression of the tibial nerve or the medial calcaneal nerve at or around the flexor retinaculum is the other possibility...