Pulmonary adenocarcinoma and metastasis and therapy

UNLABELLED: Prostate cancer can metastasise to the lung. Most common presentations described in the literature are solitary pulmonary nodules, lymphangitic spread and, rarely, pleural effusion. We describe a case of prostate adenocarcinoma with diffuse bilateral reticulonodular and lymphangitic pulmonary metastasis, and malignant pleural effusion while being on androgen deprivation therapy. LEARNING POINTS: Lymphangitic metastasis of prostate cancer to the lung with diffuse reticulonodular infiltrate is a rare presentation...

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the emergence of immunotherapy has renewed therapeutic modality. Different from traditional anti-tumor therapy, immune-related adverse events of skin, gastrointestinal tract, liver, lung, endocrine glands commonly occurred. At present, only one case of immune-related adverse event of Behcet's-like syndrome following pembrolizumab treatment was reported in USA, and no one is reported in China. CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we report a rare case of Behcet's-like symptom following pembrolizumab treatment...

INTRODUCTION: Solid organ malignancies rarely metastasize to the duodenal papilla. We describe a case of primary lung cancer with duodenal papillary metastasis in a patient who presented with melena. To the best of our knowledge, this is only the second report of duodenal papillary metastasis from lung cancer. CASE PRESENTATION: A 65-year-old woman presented with complaints of anorexia, weight loss, and black stool. Imaging studies led to a clinical diagnosis of stage IVB lung cancer, and anticoagulants were initiated to treat pulmonary artery thrombosis...

BACKGROUND: Systemic therapy for cancer treatment has improved, and therapeutic options for intracranial lesions are increasing. Combinations of treatment modalities are required in certain difficult cases. Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKS) is effective for the treatment of brain metastases, especially for lesions that are inoperable because of their anatomical or functional location. OBSERVATIONS: The authors report a case of brain metastases in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive lung adenocarcinoma initially treated with GKS followed by the combination of repeat GKS and ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs) for tumor recurrence...

Pulmonary enteric adenocarcinoma (PEAC) is a rare lung adenocarcinoma with morphological features similar to those of primary and metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma. To date, only a few studies have reported the therapeutic effects of chemoradiotherapy on PEAC. This report describes the case of a 28-year-old woman with pregnancy-related PEAC who presented with left shoulder pain. A superior sulcus tumor was identified in the left thoracic cavity, and the biopsy indicated more than 50% intestinal differentiation components...

Cadherin-17 (CDH17) is a membranous cell adhesion protein predominantly expressed in intestinal epithelial cells. CDH17 is therefore considered a possible diagnostic and therapeutic target. This study was to comprehensively determine the expression of CDH17 in cancer and to further assess the diagnostic utility of CDH17 immunohistochemistry (IHC). A tissue microarray containing 14,948 interpretable samples from 150 different tumor types and subtypes as well as 76 different normal tissue types was analyzed by IHC...

The prognostic role of tumor cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) of the pancreatic head with direct microscopic infiltration (DMI) or in close proximity (≤1 mm) to the resection margin (RM) remains unclear. This single-center, retrospective study included specimens from 75 patients who underwent oncological resection of pancreatic head PDAC between February 2013 and July 2020. Two pathologists independently re-measured the distance between tumors and the multiple RMs. The impact of RM involvement for DMI, tumor cells within ≤1 mm, in general, and for individual RMs on overall survival (OS) and development of distant pulmonary (PM) and hepatic (HM) metastasis was analyzed...

The patient was a 61-year-old man with a diagnosis of carcinoma of the pancreatic head. Abdominal computed tomography( CT)showed no distant metastasis, and he underwent subtotal stomach-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy. Immediately after surgery, he received liver perfusion chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil followed by systemic gemcitabine. Eighteen months after surgery, CT revealed liver metastasis in the S6 segment, and partial hepatectomy was performed. The pathological diagnosis was liver metastasis of pancreatic cancer...

Pulmonary enteric adenocarcinoma (PEAC) is a rare, aggressive variant of lung adenocarcinoma with early metastatic potential. We present the case of a male smoker in his 50s who presented with right-sided numbness, pain and headache. Imaging revealed a destructive skull base mass invading the right sphenoid sinus. Histopathology was consistent with PEAC. The diagnosis was metastatic PEAC with a distant spread to the skull and represents the first case reported in the literature. We present an associated literature review of the clinical presentation, histological features and management of PEAC with skull metastasis...

BACKGROUND: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement generates an oncogenic ALK tyrosine kinase that activates numerous downstream signaling pathways, leading to increased cell proliferation and survival. About 5% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are being diagnosed with tumor harboring ALK-positive. ALK rearrangement is an important molecular target for the treatment of NSCLC, and alectinib is a potent and highly selective second-generation ALK inhibitor. Alectinib as a neoadjuvant therapy has been reported in previous studies...

RATIONALE: Crizotinib has been approved in many countries for the treatment of patients with advanced ROS1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Entrectinib is a ROS1 inhibitor that has been designed to effectively penetrate and remain in the central nervous system (CNS) and has been recommended as first-line therapy. Few reports have precisely described sequential crizotinb followed by entrectinib in patients with ROS1 fusion in later settings. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 56-year-old man with a history of occasional smoking visited our hospital with cough, sputum, and shortness of breath...

SUMMARY: A 60-year-old woman presented to our clinic with an acute onset 3 months history of right ankle pain. The patient had a history of poorly differentiated thyroid cancer, which was treated with total thyroidectomy, left lateral neck dissection levels II-V and central neck dissection levels VI-VII followed by postoperative I-131 radioactive iodine (131I) ablation therapy 3.7 GBq 6 months ago. The post-131I WBS showed residual iodine-avid thyroid tissue with no other iodine-avid disease or metastasis...

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the second most common form of malignant tumor and has the highest mortality rate worldwide. Among its subtypes, lung adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent. Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is rare and is characterized by a dismal prognosis, with overall survival periods typically spanning 4 to 6 weeks without treatment. However, in specific cases, survival can be extended to 4 to 6 months with appropriate therapy. The recent approval of third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as osimertinib, aumolertinib, and furmonertinib, has introduced promising treatment options for individuals with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who develop LM after developing resistance to first- and second-generation TKIs...

The occurrence of ocular metastasis from lung cancer is uncommon. In our current case, we report on a 64-year-old male patient found to have metastatic lesions in both choroids after being diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma. As the patient was found to have a mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), he was treated with the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR TKI), afatinib. However, the treatment response suggested the presence of a progressive disease. Thus, due to cancerous meningitis, the patient's treatment was changed from afatinib to erlotinib, in addition to adding bevacizumab...

Pulmonary polymorphic carcinoma (PPC) is a rare and poorly differentiated form of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), accounting for just approximately 0.1% to 0.4% of all NSCLC cases. Historically, the conventional treatments for PPC have been linked to a grim prognosis. However, with the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including PD-1 inhibitors, for the management of NSCLC, our center has witnessed encouraging outcomes in two PPC patients who underwent PD-1 inhibitor therapy. The first patient was a 70-year-old male who initially came to our attention after the discovery of a lung mass during a routine physical examination...

Classic biphasic pulmonary blastoma (CBPB), a distinct type of lung cancer, is a dual-phasic tumor characterized by the co-existence of low-grade fetal adenocarcinoma and primitive mesenchymal stroma. Accounting for less than 0.1% of surgically removed lung cancers, CBPB commonly presents in individuals during their fourth to fifth decades of life, with smoking as a significant risk factor. The optimal management strategy entails surgical resection, supplemented by chemotherapy to improve prognosis. The frontline chemotherapeutic agents typically include platinum agents and etoposide, with preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy potentially enabling operability for initially inoperable cases...

Lung adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is a rare biphasic malignant tumor with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) components. ASC is reported to be aggressive; the most common metastatic sites are the regional lymph nodes and surrounding areas. A 46-year-old woman was referred to the emergency department with a persistent dry cough. She underwent fibro-bronchoscopy and was diagnosed with an adenosquamous lung carcinoma. Other than pulmonary and lymphatic findings, a total-body computed tomography (CT) examination highlighted a hypodense formation, of about 9 mm, with a cystic appearance, at the level of the vaginal region...

Smoking carcinogen nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK) is the most potent contributor to lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) development, but the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Here, we reported that fatty acid translocase CD36 was significantly overexpressed in both human LUAD tissues and NNK-induced A/J mice LUAD tumors. The overexpressed CD36 was positively correlated with Src kinase activation, smoking status, metastasis, and worse overall survival of patients with smoking history. Upon NNK binding with α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR), sarcolemmal CD36 was increased and it interacted with surface α7nAChR and cytosol Src simultaneously, which in turn activated Src and downstream pro-carcinogenic kinase ERK1/2 and Akt, and finally caused LUAD cells to form subcutaneous and pulmonary metastatic tumors...

Despite recent advances in cancer therapeutics, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a lethal disease with a 5-year overall survival of only 10%. Since either at or within a few months of diagnosis, most patients with PDAC will present with metastatic disease, a more individualized approach to select patients who may benefit from more aggressive therapy has been suggested. Although studies have reported improved survival in PDAC and isolated pulmonary metastasis (ISP) compared to extrapulmonary metastases, such findings remain controversial...

INTRODUCTION: We present a case of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate with testicular and lung metastases following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, androgen deprivation therapy, and radiotherapy. CASE PRESENTATION: A 73-year-old man with a prostate-specific antigen level of 4.3 ng/mL was diagnosed with prostate cancer. Following the robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, the pathological diagnosis was mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate (pT3bpN0, Gleason score of 4 + 4)...