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REVIEW
Ictal Coprolalia: Three Cases with Nondominat Frontal Lobe Involvement and Review of the Literature.
Okan Sokmen, F Irsel Tezer, Kader Karli Oguz, Bilge Volkan-Salanci, Eser Lay Ergün, Serap Saygi
Objective: Coprolalia is defined as the involuntary use of obscene, socially unacceptable, and derogatory words. Ictal coprolalia is a rare presentation of epilepsy. This study aimed to determine the localizing and lateralizing value and frequency of ictal coprolalia in epilepsy patients. Methods: Medical files, discharge summaries, and electroencephalography (EEG) reports of 2238 patients were reviewed retrospectively. We identified patients who suffered from ictal coprolalia. Electroencephalography reports, neuroimaging [brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT)] records, F-18 FDG fused on MRI images, and ictal SPECT fused on MRI images were evaluated...
April 24, 2024: Clinical EEG and Neuroscience: Official Journal of the EEG and Clinical Neuroscience Society (ENCS)
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Satoshi Ikeda, Akihiko Sakata, Yoshiki Arakawa, Yohei Mineharu, Yasuhide Makino, Yasuhide Takeuchi, Yasutaka Fushimi, Sachi Okuchi, Satoshi Nakajima, Sayo Otani, Yuji Nakamoto
PURPOSE: The rarity of IDH2 mutations in supratentorial gliomas has led to gaps in understanding their radiological characteristics, potentially resulting in misdiagnosis based solely on negative IDH1 immunohistochemical staining. We aimed to investigate the clinical and imaging characteristics of IDH2-mutant gliomas. METHODS: We analyzed imaging data from adult patients with pathologically confirmed diffuse lower-grade gliomas and known IDH1/2 alteration and 1p/19q codeletion statuses obtained from the records of our institute (January 2011 to August 2022, Cohort 1) and The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA, Cohort 2)...
April 24, 2024: Neuroradiology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chenxin Tian, Jennifer A Schrack, Yuri Agrawal, Yang An, Yurun Cai, Hang Wang, Alden L Gross, Qu Tian, Eleanor M Simonsick, Luigi Ferrucci, Susan M Resnick, Amal A Wanigatunga
Sensory impairment and brain atrophy is common among older adults, increasing the risk of dementia. Yet, the degree to which multiple co-occurring sensory impairments (MSI across vision, proprioception, vestibular function, olfactory, and hearing) are associated with brain morphometry remain unexplored. Data were from 208 cognitively unimpaired participants (mean age 72 ± 10 years; 59% women) enrolled in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate cross-sectional associations between MSI and regional brain imaging volumes...
April 23, 2024: Scientific Reports
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nannan Pan, Ziyan Fang, Jinwei Wang, Penghui Cao
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of depressive disorder is increasing due to a variety of factors, which brings a huge strain on individuals, families and society. This study aims to investigate whether there is Frontal Theta Asymmetry (FTA) in depressed patients, and whether FTAs are related to depression severity and cognitive function changes in depressed patients. METHODS: Participants who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Socio-demographic data of each participant were recorded...
April 22, 2024: Journal of Affective Disorders
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhang Delong, Wang Fugui, Hu Xin, Lu Houqing
Thyroid storm is a rare but well-known life-threatening complication that occurs due to acute exacerbation of thyrotoxicosis with the increased levels of circulating thyroid hormones. Reports of metabolic encephalopathy associated with thyroid storm are scarce. We describe the case of a 23-year-old male patient with no previous history of abnormal thyroid function who had consumed excessive amounts of alcohol before disease onset. The patient was found unconscious and febrile on a roadside by a passerby and was admitted to our hospital's emergency department...
April 19, 2024: Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Georgia M Wong, Ashley McCray, Kara Hom, Saige Teti, Nathan T Cohen, William D Gaillard, Chima O Oluigbo
INTRODUCTION: Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) is valuable for delineating the seizure onset zone (SOZ) in pharmacoresistant epilepsy when non-invasive presurgical techniques are inconclusive. Secondary epilepsy surgery after initial failure is challenging and there is limited research on SEEG following failed epilepsy surgery in children. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this manuscript is to present the outcomes of children who underwent SEEG after failed epilepsy surgery...
April 23, 2024: Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tahani Saker Sheikh, Ayal Rozenberg, Goni Merhav, Alla Shifrin, Polina Stein, Shahar Shelly
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Primary CNS vasculitis (PCNSV) is a rare inflammatory disorder that affects the blood vessels of the central nervous system (CNS). We aimed to analyze the neurological presentations, clinical follow-up, and long-term outcomes of patients with primary central nervous system vasculitis. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records to assess the neurological presentation, rate of remission, and functional status at the last follow-up in patients with primary central nervous system vasculitis seen in our center in the last 13 years (2010-2023)...
2024: Frontiers in Neurology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xavier Caseras, Emily Simmonds, Antonio F Pardiñas, Richard Anney, Sophie E Legge, James T R Walters, Neil A Harrison, Michael C O'Donovan, Valentina Escott-Price
Recent research has highlighted the role of complement genes in shaping the microstructure of the brain during early development, and in contributing to common allele risk for Schizophrenia. We hypothesised that common risk variants for schizophrenia within complement genes will associate with structural changes in white matter microstructure within tracts innervating the frontal lobe. Results showed that risk alleles within the complement gene set, but also intergenic alleles, significantly predict axonal density in white matter tracts connecting frontal cortex with parietal, temporal and occipital cortices...
April 22, 2024: Translational Psychiatry
#9
Ruthwik Duvuru, Ahmad Alawadhi, Shivani Raju, Haitham ElBashir
Stroke is often viewed as a diagnosis found In the elderly with or without comorbidities, but it is vital to not rule it out in a pediatric patient presenting with signs and symptoms of stroke. Here, we present a case of an 18-month-old boy who arrived at the emergency department with left arm weakness and left-sided seizures a few minutes after a right-sided trivial neck bite that was initially overlooked by the parents until symptoms occurred. Urgent imaging further with a computed tomography scan of the brain revealed a hypodense lesion in the area covering the lateral part of the frontal lobe, insula, and parietal cortex of the right hemisphere...
March 2024: Curēus
#10
Abasin Tajmalzai, Ataullah Zarabi
Rabies is an acute fatal disease of the central nervous system. Neuroimaging plays an important role, especially in establishing an early diagnosis and distinguishing it from other types of encephalitis. This case report aims to give a brief review of this condition and report the less common MRI findings of the disease. We herein report a case of a 61-year-old male bitten by a stray dog who presented with fever, vomiting, headache, sialorrhea, dysarthria, dysphagia, and upper limb weakness which progressed to lower limbs on the next day...
July 2024: Radiology Case Reports
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kang-Fu Yin, Xiao-Jing Gu, Wei-Ming Su, Ting Chen, Jiang Long, Li Gong, Zhi-Ye Ying, Meng Dou, Zheng Jiang, Qing-Qing Duan, Bei Cao, Xia Gao, Li-Yi Chi, Yong-Ping Chen
BACKGROUND: Recent genetic evidence supports that circulating biochemical and metabolic traits (BMTs) play a causal role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), which might be mediated by changes in brain structure. Here, we leveraged publicly available genome-wide association study data to investigate the intrinsic causal relationship between blood BMTs, brain image-derived phenotypes (IDPs) and AD. METHODS: Utilizing the genetic variants associated with 760 blood BMTs and 172 brain IDPs as the exposure and the latest AD summary statistics as the outcome, we analyzed the causal relationship between blood BMTs and brain IDPs and AD by using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method...
April 30, 2024: Heliyon
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shoko Kimoto, Yasuo Naito, Takashi Nishikawa
BACKGROUND: Patients with cerebrovascular disorders (CVDs) tend to exhibit impulsive behaviour without controlling their movements, leading to difficulty in performing activities of daily living and an increased risk of accidents. This hastiness, termed 'pacing impairment', has been studied but is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE: To experimentally examine the kinetic features of pacing impairment by focusing on changes in speed and investigating neuropsychological substrates...
April 17, 2024: NeuroRehabilitation
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
James O Clifford, Sulekha Anand, Franck Tarpin-Bernard, Michael F Bergeron, Curtis B Ashford, Peter J Bayley, John Wesson Ashford
INTRODUCTION: Continuous recognition tasks (CRTs) assess episodic memory (EM), the central functional disturbance in Alzheimer's disease and several related disorders. The online MemTrax computerized CRT provides a platform for screening and assessment that is engaging and can be repeated frequently. MemTrax presents complex visual stimuli, which require complex involvement of the lateral and medial temporal lobes and can be completed in less than 2 min. Results include number of correct recognitions (HITs), recognition failures (MISSes = 1-HITs), correct rejections (CRs), false alarms (FAs = 1-CRs), total correct (TC = HITs + CRs), and response times (RTs) for each HIT and FA...
2024: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi-Ling Chien, Yi-Li Tseng, Wen-Che Tsai, Yen-Nan Chiu
This study applied the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to investigate frontal activity in autism when performing verbal fluency test and emotion recall task. We recruited 32 autistic adults without intellectual disability and 30 typically-developing controls (TDC). Prefrontal hemodynamic changes were evaluated by fNIRS when the participants performed the verbal fluency test and emotion recall task. fNIRS signals in the prefrontal cortex were compared between autism and TDC. Compared to TDC, autistic adults showed comparable performance on the verbal fluency test but exhibited lower frontal activity on the vegetable category...
April 18, 2024: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jonathan Daume, Jan Kamiński, Andrea G P Schjetnan, Yousef Salimpour, Umais Khan, Michael Kyzar, Chrystal M Reed, William S Anderson, Taufik A Valiante, Adam N Mamelak, Ueli Rutishauser
Retaining information in working memory is a demanding process that relies on cognitive control to protect memoranda-specific persistent activity from interference1,2 . However, how cognitive control regulates working memory storage is unclear. Here we show that interactions of frontal control and hippocampal persistent activity are coordinated by theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling (TG-PAC). We recorded single neurons in the human medial temporal and frontal lobe while patients maintained multiple items in their working memory...
April 17, 2024: Nature
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arman Hossain, Protima Khan, Md Fazlul Kader
Imagined speech recognition has developed as a significant topic of research in the field of brain-computer interfaces. This innovative technique has great promise as a communication tool, providing essential help to those with impairments. An imagined speech recognition model is proposed in this paper to identify the ten most frequently used English alphabets (e.g., A, D, E, H, I, N, O, R, S, T) and numerals (e.g., 0 to 9). A novel electroencephalogram (EEG) dataset was created by measuring the brain activity of 30 people while they imagined these alphabets and digits...
April 18, 2024: Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ekaterina Shatalina, Thomas S Whitehurst, Ellis Chika Onwordi, Barnabas J Gilbert, Gaia Rizzo, Alex Whittington, Ayla Mansur, Hideo Tsukada, Tiago Reis Marques, Sridhar Natesan, Eugenii A Rabiner, Matthew B Wall, Oliver D Howes
BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial function plays a key role in regulating neurotransmission and may contribute to general intelligence. Mitochondrial complex I (MC-I) is the largest enzyme of the respiratory chain. Recently, it has become possible to measure MC-I distribution in vivo, using a novel positron emission tomography tracer [18 F]BCPP-EF, thus, we set out to investigate the association between MC-I distribution and measures of cognitive function in the living healthy brain. RESULTS: Analyses were performed in a voxel-wise manner and identified significant associations between [18 F]BCPP-EF DVRCS-1 in the precentral gyrus and parietal lobes and WAIS-IV predicted IQ, WAIS-IV arithmetic and WAIS-IV symbol-digit substitution scores (voxel-wise Pearson's correlation coefficients transformed to Z-scores, thresholded at Z = 2...
April 17, 2024: EJNMMI Research
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jack A Black, Nha Trang Thu Pham, Farwa Ali, Mary M Machulda, Val J Lowe, Keith A Josephs, Jennifer L Whitwell
OBJECTIVE: Frontal hypometabolism on FDG-PET is observed in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), although it is unclear whether it is a feature of all PSP clinical variants and hence whether it is a useful diagnostic feature. We aimed to compare the frequency, severity, and pattern of frontal hypometabolism across PSP variants and determine whether frontal hypometabolism is related to clinical dysfunction. METHODS: Frontal hypometabolism in prefrontal, premotor, and sensorimotor cortices was visually graded on a 0-3 scale using CortexID Z-score images in 137 PSP patients...
April 17, 2024: Journal of Neurology
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Beverly Matthews, Ashima Datey Chakrabarty, Arindam Chakrabarty
COVID-19 has a wide range of clinical manifestations. Apart from respiratory symptoms, neurological manifestations and cognitive impairment are commonly seen. Due to lack of a clear consensus on the definition of long COVID a pragmatic approach of assessing change from neurological baseline has become prevalent. We present the case of a high functioning woman in her late 40s who had a mild course of acute illness but developed cognitive difficulties. No organic causes for her cognitive difficulties were found...
April 17, 2024: BMJ Case Reports
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rebecca R Valentino, William J Scotton, Shanu F Roemer, Tammaryn Lashley, Michael G Heckman, Maryam Shoai, Alejandro Martinez-Carrasco, Nicole Tamvaka, Ronald L Walton, Matthew C Baker, Hannah L Macpherson, Raquel Real, Alexandra I Soto-Beasley, Kin Mok, Tamas Revesz, Elizabeth A Christopher, Michael DeTure, William W Seeley, Edward B Lee, Matthew P Frosch, Laura Molina-Porcel, Tamar Gefen, Javier Redding-Ochoa, Bernardino Ghetti, Andrew C Robinson, Christopher Kobylecki, James B Rowe, Thomas G Beach, Andrew F Teich, Julia L Keith, Istvan Bodi, Glenda M Halliday, Marla Gearing, Thomas Arzberger, Christopher M Morris, Charles L White, Naguib Mechawar, Susana Boluda, Ian R MacKenzie, Catriona McLean, Matthew D Cykowski, Shih-Hsiu J Wang, Caroline Graff, Rashed M Nagra, Gabor G Kovacs, Giorgio Giaccone, Manuela Neumann, Lee-Cyn Ang, Agostinho Carvalho, Huw R Morris, Rosa Rademakers, John A Hardy, Dennis W Dickson, Jonathan D Rohrer, Owen A Ross
BACKGROUND: Pick's disease is a rare and predominantly sporadic form of frontotemporal dementia that is classified as a primary tauopathy. Pick's disease is pathologically defined by the presence in the frontal and temporal lobes of Pick bodies, composed of hyperphosphorylated, three-repeat tau protein, encoded by the MAPT gene. MAPT has two distinct haplotypes, H1 and H2; the MAPT H1 haplotype is the major genetic risk factor for four-repeat tauopathies (eg, progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration), and the MAPT H2 haplotype is protective for these disorders...
May 2024: Lancet Neurology
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