Tender scalp

Tinea capitis is a dermatophyte scalp infection with a marked prevalence among the pediatric population. However, in the last few years, its epidemiology has changed due to increasing population migration worldwide. Host-specific and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of tinea capitis. Clinically, tinea capitis may present as a subtle hair loss accompanied by scalp scaling, alopecia with scaly patches, or alopecia with black dots. A more severe form of tinea capitis is represented by kerion celsi, which clinically presents as a tender plaque covered by pustules and crusts...

BACKGROUND: Scalp, tongue and/or lip necrosis are rare complications of GCA. OBJECTIVES: To describe characteristics and outcome of patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) -related scalp, tongue and/or lip necrosis. METHODS: A retrospective nationwide multicenter study included 20 GCA patients with scalp, tongue, and/or lip necrosis diagnosed between 1998 and 2021 and 80 GCA control patients matched for age, sex and management period. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify baseline characteristics associated with scalp, tongue and/or lip necrosis...

Foreign body granuloma can be caused by endogenous compounds as well as various injectable materials. In oriental medicine, pharmacopuncture combining herbal medicine administration and injection is one of the commonly used procedures. Hwangryunhaedok-tang (HHT, a.k.a., Huang-Lian-Jie-Du-Tang in China), an oriental medicinal herb known to produce anti-inflammatory effects, has been recently made in pharmacopuncture products and commonly used for various disorders. An 88-year-old female presented with multiple tender nodules on the left parietal scalp and forehead...

Giant cell arteritis, or temporal arteritis, is a chronic granulomatous vasculitis that affects large- and medium-sized arteries. An elderly male of 61 years presenting with chronic headaches for the past one year had been misdiagnosed as having migraine because of the similarity in symptoms. General examination revealed the presence of bilateral large, tortuous temporal arteries without any scalp tenderness, diminished arterial pulsations, or skin changes over the dilated arteries. A temporal artery biopsy revealed giant cell arteritis and was treated with steroids...

We present a case of seronegative amyopathic dermatomyositis (SADM). This clinical entity should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with recurring, painful erythematous skin manifestations, and requires close monitoring for the development of neurological manifestations and malignancy. SADM is a rare autoimmune disease that affects the skin and muscles. It is considered a subtype of dermatomyositis (DM), which is a systemic autoimmune disease. The exact cause of SADM is not fully understood but is believed to involve a complex interplay between genetic, environmental, and immunological factors...

Mycobacterium abscessus ( M. abscessus ) is a fast-growing, non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) that can cause human infections varying from superficial infection to pulmonary or even systemic infections. The latter is more commonly appeared in immunocompromised patients. The skin infection caused by M. abscessus often appears after trauma or surgical procedure. It is often manifested by subcutaneous nodules, papules, erythema, tender erythematous or violaceous plaques, cellulitis, abscesses, ulcerations, and draining sinuses...

A 55-year-old woman presented with new-onset headache, scalp tenderness, shoulder arthralgias, night sweats, and loss of appetite. She was diagnosed with giant cell arteritis by her primary care physician and commenced on oral corticosteroids. However, her headache, scalp tenderness, and night sweats persisted. She then developed right Horner syndrome and trigeminal hypoesthesia. Extensive blood work-up revealed mildly elevated inflammatory markers and a paraproteinemia. Subsequent bone marrow biopsy showed lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, with 10% of hemopoiesis, and staging led to the diagnosis of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia without nodal or central nervous system (CNS) lesions...

Migraine surgeons have identified six "trigger sites" where cranial nerve compression may trigger a migraine. This study investigates the change in headache severity and frequency following nerve block of the occipital trigger site. This PRISMA-compliant systematic review of five databases searched from database inception through May 2020 is registered under the PROSPERO ID: CRD42020199369. Only randomized controlled trials utilizing injection treatments for headaches with pain or tenderness in the occipital scalp were included...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Prompt diagnosis and treatment of GCA are crucial to preserve vision. Because of this, new-onset ptosis or diplopia in elderly patients should warrant consideration of GCA, even in the absence of "classic" features, systemic symptoms or elevated inflammatory markers. ABSTRACT: Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a vision-threatening, ophthalmic emergency that classically presents with new-onset headaches, scalp tenderness, systemic symptoms, visual disturbances, and elevated inflammatory markers...

Pressure-induced alopecias (PAs) are an infrequent group of scarring and nonscarring alopecias that occur after ischemic obstruction of capillaries that leads to circumscribed areas of hair loss. Initially described after prolonged surgeries or immobilization, type 1 PA occurs after sustained external pressure to the skin, mainly the scalp prominences. Alopecia induced by cosmetic procedures, referred in this review as type 2 PA, is reported with increased frequency in literature and predominantly emerges from pressure exerted by the volume of injectables...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Wells syndrome, also referred to as eosinophilic cellulitis, is a rare and often sporadic inflammatory skin condition whose aetiology remains uncertain. Clinically, this condition presents as a collection of erythematous, oedematous, and tender skin lesions most often affecting the extremities and trunk that can mimic cellulitis. Histologically, Wells syndrome is characterised by inflammatory changes and eosinophilic infiltration of the dermis with the absence of underlying infection, thereby distinguishing it from cellulitis...

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) usually presents with headache, scalp tenderness and raised inflammatory markers. GCA presenting with a clinically evident cranial nerve palsy is rare and may result in a delayed or missed diagnosis if not suspected. We present the rare case of a woman in her 70s with histologically confirmed GCA presenting with a unilateral sixth nerve palsy, which responded to treatment with high-dose oral prednisolone.

BACKGROUND: While breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, cutaneous metastases are rare in breast cancer. Additionally, scalp involvement in breast cancer metastasis is extremely rare. That being said, scalp lesions should always be thoroughly investigated to distinguish metastatic lesions from other neoplasms. CASE PRESENTATION: A 47-year-old female Middle-Eastern patient presented with metastatic breast cancer in the lungs, bone, liver, and brain with no signs of multiple organ failure, in addition to cutaneous metastases, including the scalp...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Orbital Apex Syndrome (OAS) are characterized by multiple symptoms, such as impaired eye movement, periorbital pain, and visual disturbance. AS symptoms may be caused by inflammation, infection, neoplasm, or a vascular lesion, potentially involving a variety of nerves, such as the optic, oculomotor, trochlear or abducens, or the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve. However, OAS caused by invasive aspergillosis in post-COVID patient is a very rare phenomenon...

BACKGROUND: Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) is a large vessel vasculitis that most commonly presents with headache, scalp tenderness, jaw claudication, and vision changes. Various other, less common, manifestations have been reported in the literature such as scalp and tongue necrosis. Though most patients respond to corticosteroids, some cases of GCA are refractory to the high doses of corticosteroids. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a 73-year-old female with GCA refractory to corticosteroids presenting with tongue necrosis...

OBJECTIVE: We report a case of biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis after an initial presentation of area postrema syndrome. METHODS: A 65-year-old man was evaluated using MRI, temporal artery biopsy, and ultrasound. RESULTS: The patient presented with refractory nausea, vomiting, and hiccups that caused weight loss without any other neurologic or clinical symptoms. His MRI scan 15 days later revealed a hyperintense sign on the area postrema with no abnormal diffusion or contrast enhancement, compatible with isolated area postrema syndrome...

We present a case of a 51-year-old female who presented for evaluation of a large scalp mass found to have a different quartet of vascular malformations- a persistent scalp arteriovenous malformation (sAVM) with sinus pericranii, an inoperable intracranial SM-V brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM), and a Cognard I dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF). This is the first reported instance with four distinct vascular pathologies. We review the etiologies of multiple vascular abnormalities in the cerebral circulation that could contribute to this patient's findings and review strategies for treatment...

OBJECTIVE: In Europe, a great number of investigations and studies followed up to develop safer techniques performed by physicians only. Successful dedicated medical protocols included the implant of single fibers with extractable root. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of biocompatible artificial hair implants in patients with androgenetic alopecia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 682 patients (488 males and 184 females) aged between 25 and 70 years old, with diagnosed AGA, requiring no invasive nor surgical hair restoration, with problems of baldness and refusing surgical options appealed to the Second Opinion Medical Consulting (Modena, Italy), and were included in the present protocol...

BACKGROUND: Angiosarcoma is a rare, vascular malignancy that arises from endothelial cells of blood vessels. This case report aims to create the awareness of its existence in the region and its mode of presentation. CASE PRESENTATION: A 63-year-old Pakistani man presented to the emergency department with sudden bilateral chest pain and shortness of breath for 2 days. On examination, a scalp lesion was seen which had been increasing in size over the last 6 weeks...