Shashi P Singh, Danielle J Smyth, Kyle Cunningham, Ananya Mukundan, Chang-Hyeock Byeon, Cynthia S Hinck, Madeleine P J White, Claire Ciancia, Nątalia Wosowska, Anna Sanders, Regina Jin, Sergio Lilla, Sara Zanivan, Christina Schoenherr, Gareth Inman, Maarten van Dinther, Peter Ten Dijke, Andrew P Hinck, Rick M Maizels
The murine helminth parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus expresses a family of modular proteins which, replicating the functional activity of the immunomodulatory cytokine TGF-β, have been named TGM (TGF-β Μimic). Multiple domains bind to different receptors, including TGF-β receptors TβRI (ALK5) and TβRII through domains 1-3, and prototypic family member TGM1 binds the cell surface co-receptor CD44 through domains 4-5. This allows TGM1 to induce T lymphocyte Foxp3 expression, characteristic of regulatory (Treg) cells, and to activate a range of TGF-β-responsive cell types...
November 15, 2023: bioRxiv