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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mason Fidino, Heather A Sander, Jesse S Lewis, Elizabeth W Lehrer, Kimberly Rivera, Maureen H Murray, Henry C Adams, Anna Kase, Andrea Flores, Theodore Stankowich, Christopher J Schell, Carmen M Salsbury, Adam T Rohnke, Mark J Jordan, Austin M Green, Ashley R Gramza, Amanda J Zellmer, Jacque Williamson, Thilina D Surasinghe, Hunter Storm, Kimberly L Sparks, Travis J Ryan, Katie R Remine, Mary E Pendergast, Kayleigh Mullen, Darren E Minier, Christopher R Middaugh, Amy L Mertl, Maureen R McClung, Robert A Long, Rachel N Larson, Michel T Kohl, Lavendar R Harris, Courtney T Hall, Jeffrey D Haight, David Drake, Alyssa M Davidge, Ann O Cheek, Christopher P Bloch, Elizabeth G Biro, Whitney J B Anthonysamy, Julia L Angstmann, Maximilian L Allen, Solny A Adalsteinsson, Anne G Short Gianotti, Jalene M LaMontagne, Tiziana A Gelmi-Candusso, Seth B Magle
While there is increasing recognition that social processes in cities like gentrification have ecological consequences, we lack nuanced understanding of the ways gentrification affects urban biodiversity. We analyzed a large camera trap dataset of mammals (>500 g) to evaluate how gentrification impacts species richness and community composition across 23 US cities. After controlling for the negative effect of impervious cover, gentrified parts of cities had the highest mammal species richness. Change in community composition was associated with gentrification in a few cities, which were mostly located along the West Coast...
April 23, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeffrey D Haight, Sharon J Hall, Mason Fidino, Solny A Adalsteinsson, Adam A Ahlers, Julia Angstmann, Whitney J B Anthonysamy, Elizabeth Biro, Merri K Collins, Barbara Dugelby, Travis Gallo, Austin M Green, Laura Hartley, Mark J Jordan, Cria A M Kay, Elizabeth W Lehrer, Robert A Long, Brandon MacDougall, Seth B Magle, Darren E Minier, Chris Mowry, Maureen Murray, Kristina Nininger, Mary E Pendergast, Katie R Remine, Travis Ryan, Carmen Salsbury, Christopher J Schell, Çagan H Șekercioğlu, Catherine J Shier, Kelly C Simon, Colleen C St Clair, Theodore Stankowich, Cassondra J Stevenson, Lisa Wayne, Dave Will, Jacque Williamson, Larry Wilson, Amanda J Zellmer, Jesse S Lewis
Human-driven environmental changes shape ecological communities from local to global scales. Within cities, landscape-scale patterns and processes and species characteristics generally drive local-scale wildlife diversity. However, cities differ in their structure, species pools, geographies and histories, calling into question the extent to which these drivers of wildlife diversity are predictive at continental scales. In partnership with the Urban Wildlife Information Network, we used occurrence data from 725 sites located across 20 North American cities and a multi-city, multi-species occupancy modelling approach to evaluate the effects of ecoregional characteristics and mammal species traits on the urbanization-diversity relationship...
September 4, 2023: Nature Ecology & Evolution
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mukesh Kumar, Robert J Gaivin, Shenaz Khan, Yuriy Fedorov, Drew J Adams, Weiyang Zhao, Hsueh-Yun Lee, Xinghong Dai, Chris G Dealwis, Jeffrey R Schelling
Diabetes is a major public health problem due to morbidity and mortality associated with end organ complications. Uptake of fatty acids by Fatty Acid Transport Protein-2 (FATP2) contributes to hyperglycemia, diabetic kidney and liver disease pathogenesis. Because FATP2 structure is unknown, a homology model was constructed, validated by AlphaFold2 prediction and site-directed mutagenesis, and then used to conduct a virtual drug discovery screen. In silico similarity searches to two low-micromolar IC50 FATP2 inhibitors, followed by docking and pharmacokinetics predictions, narrowed a diverse 800,000 compound library to 23 hits...
June 10, 2023: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christopher T Martin, Kenneth J Holton, Benjamin D Elder, Jeremy L Fogelson, Anthony L Mikula, Christopher J Kleck, David Calabrese, Evalina L Burger, David Ou-Yang, Vikas V Patel, Han Jo Kim, Francis Lovecchio, Serena S Hu, Kirkham B Wood, Robert Harper, S Tim Yoon, Dheera Ananthakrishnan, Keith W Michael, Adam J Schell, Isador H Lieberman, Stanley Kisinde, Christopher J DeWald, Michael T Nolte, Matthew W Colman, Frank M Phillips, Daniel E Gelb, Jacob Bruckner, Lindsey B Ross, J Patrick Johnson, Terrence T Kim, Neel Anand, Joseph S Cheng, Zach Plummer, Paul Park, Mark E Oppenlander, Jonathan N Sembrano, Kristen E Jones, David W Polly
OBJECTIVE: There are few prior reports of acute pelvic instrumentation failure in spinal deformity surgery. The objective of this study was to determine if a previously identified mechanism and rate of pelvic fixation failure were present across multiple institutions, and to determine risk factors for these types of failures. METHODS: Thirteen academic medical centers performed a retrospective review of 18 months of consecutive adult spinal fusions extending 3 or more levels, which included new pelvic screws at the time of surgery...
September 2, 2022: Journal of Neurosurgery. Spine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Taylor Bellamy, Eric Dilbone, Adam Schell, Ajay Premkumar, Benjamin Geddes, Steven Leckie, Bradley Moatz, Byron Stephens, Neeta V Shenvi, John G Heller
BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Previous studies have called into question the safety of using rhBMP-2 in anterior cervical fusion due to the possibility of airway compromise and dysphagia. A retrospective chart review identified a significant increase in the severity of dysphagia after 2-level ACDF with rhBMP-2 compared to patients who did not receive rhBMP-2. To date, this topic has not been studied prospectively. PURPOSE: Compare the incidence of dysphagia following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) when recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) is used with allograft compared to allograft alone...
September 16, 2021: Spine Journal: Official Journal of the North American Spine Society
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seth B Magle, Mason Fidino, Heather A Sander, Adam T Rohnke, Kelli L Larson, Travis Gallo, Cria A M Kay, Elizabeth W Lehrer, Maureen H Murray, Solny A Adalsteinsson, Adam A Ahlers, Whitney J B Anthonysamy, Ashley R Gramza, Austin M Green, Mark J Jordan, Jesse S Lewis, Robert A Long, Brandon MacDougall, Mary E Pendergast, Katie Remine, Kelly Conrad Simon, Colleen C St Clair, Catherine J Shier, Theodore Stankowich, Cassondra J Stevenson, Amanda J Zellmer, Christopher J Schell
Urban biodiversity provides critical ecosystem services and is a key component to environmentally and socially sustainable cities. However, biodiversity varies greatly within and among cities, leading to human communities with changing and unequal experiences with nature. The "luxury effect," a hypothesis that predicts a positive correlation between wealth, typically measured by per capita income, and species richness may be one indication of these inequities. While the luxury effect is well studied for some taxa, it has rarely been investigated for mammals, which provide unique ecosystem services (e...
August 17, 2021: Global Change Biology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephanie L Schell, Kristen N Bricker, Adam J Fike, Sathi Babu Chodisetti, Phillip P Domeier, Nicholas M Choi, Melinda J Fasnacht, Sara A Luckenbill, Steven F Ziegler, Ziaur S M Rahman
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in healthy B cell responses and the loss of tolerance in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), although the role of many miRNAs remains poorly understood. Dampening miR-21 activity was previously shown to reduce splenomegaly and blood urea nitrogen levels in SLE-prone mice, but the detailed cellular responses and mechanism of action remains unexplored. In this study, using the TLR7 agonist, imiquimod-induced SLE model, we observed that loss of miR-21 in Sle1b mice prevented the formation of plasma cells and autoantibody-producing Ab-forming cells (AFCs) without a significant effect on the magnitude of the germinal center (GC) response...
May 26, 2021: Journal of Immunology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mason Fidino, Travis Gallo, Elizabeth W Lehrer, Maureen H Murray, Cria Kay, Heather A Sander, Brandon MacDougall, Carmen M Salsbury, Travis J Ryan, Julia L Angstmann, J Amy Belaire, Barbara Dugelby, Chris Schell, Theodore Stankowich, Max Amaya, David Drake, Sheryl H Hursh, Adam A Ahlers, Jacque Williamson, Laurel M Hartley, Amanda J Zellmer, Kelly Simon, Seth B Magle
Understanding how biodiversity responds to urbanization is challenging, due in part to the single-city focus of most urban ecological research. Here, we delineate continent-scale patterns in urban species assemblages by leveraging data from a multi-city camera trap survey and quantify how differences in greenspace availability and average housing density among ten North American cities relate to the distribution of eight widespread North American mammals. To do so, we deployed camera traps at 569 sites across these ten cities between June 18th to August 14th ...
November 3, 2020: Ecological Applications
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COMMENT
Adam R Wende, John C Schell, Chae-Myeong Ha, Mark E Pepin, Oleh Khalimonchuk, Hansjörg Schwertz, Renata O Pereira, Manoja K Brahma, Joseph Tuinei, Ariel Contreras-Ferrat, Li Wang, Chase A Andrizzi, Curtis D Olsen, Wayne E Bradley, Louis J Dell'Italia, Wolfgang H Dillmann, Sheldon E Litwin, E Dale Abel
Cardiac glucose uptake and oxidation are reduced in diabetes despite hyperglycemia. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to heart failure in diabetes. It is unclear whether these changes are adaptive or maladaptive. To directly evaluate the relationship between glucose delivery and mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy, we generated transgenic mice with inducible cardiomyocyte-specific expression of the GLUT4. We examined mice rendered hyperglycemic following low-dose streptozotocin prior to increasing cardiomyocyte glucose uptake by transgene induction...
October 2020: Diabetes
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sathi Babu Chodisetti, Adam J Fike, Phillip P Domeier, Stephanie L Schell, Taryn E Mockus, Nicholas M Choi, Chelsea Corradetti, Baidong Hou, Hannah M Atkins, Roberto Caricchio, Thomas Decker, Aron E Lukacher, Nancy Olsen, Ziaur S M Rahman
Although STAT1 tyrosine-701 phosphorylation (designated STAT1-pY701) is indispensable for STAT1 function, the requirement for STAT1 serine-727 phosphorylation (designated STAT1-pS727) during systemic autoimmune and antipathogen responses remains unclear. Using autoimmune-prone B6.Sle1b mice expressing a STAT1-S727A mutant in which serine is replaced by alanine, we report in this study that STAT1-pS727 promotes autoimmune Ab-forming cell (AFC) and germinal center (GC) responses, driving autoantibody production and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) development...
May 15, 2020: Journal of Immunology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adam S Radomsky, Martha Giraldo-O'Meara, Shiu F Wong, Michel J Dugas, Laurie A Gelfand, Stanley Rachman, Sarah Schell, Jessica M Senn, Roz Shafran, Maureen L Whittal
We evaluated a novel, empirically-based cognitive therapy for compulsive checking - a common form of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Twelve adults completed 12 sessions of the therapy. Significant reductions in checking-related symptoms were found pre- to post-treatment, and pre-treatment to 6-month follow-up (moderate to large effect sizes). Participants reported high treatment acceptability after the third session, which was maintained at post-treatment. This pilot trial provides preliminary support for treating compulsive checking using this novel cognitive approach...
February 5, 2020: Psychiatry Research
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephanie L Schell, Sathi Babu Chodisetti, Adam J Fike, Nicholas M Choi, Kristen N Bricker, Ziaur S M Rahman
Germinal centers (GCs) are essential for the production of somatically hypermutated, class-switched Abs that are protective against infection, but they also form in the absence of purposeful immunization or infection, and are termed spontaneous GCs (Spt-GCs). Although Spt-GCs can arise in nonautoimmune-prone mice, aberrant regulation of Spt-GCs in autoimmune-prone mice is strongly associated with the development of autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus. The formation of Spt-GCs is crucially driven by TLR7-mediated RNA sensing...
October 8, 2019: ImmunoHorizons
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adam S Radomsky, Shiu F Wong, Martha Giraldo-O'Meara, Michel J Dugas, Laurie A Gelfand, Gail Myhr, Sarah E Schell, Jessica M Senn, Roz Shafran, Maureen L Whittal
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The cognitive theory of compulsive checking in OCD proposes that checking behaviour is maintained by maladaptive beliefs, including those related to inflated responsibility and those related to reduced memory confidence. This study examined whether and when specific interventions (as part of a new cognitive therapy for compulsive checking) addressing these cognitive targets changed feelings of responsibility and memory confidence. METHODS: Participants were nine adults with a primary or secondary diagnosis of OCD who reported significant checking symptoms (at least one hour per day) on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale...
December 7, 2018: Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adam P Vasconcellos, Colin T Huntley, Amy E Schell, Ryan J Soose, Maurits S Boon
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Upper airway stimulation has demonstrated marked improvements in apnea-hypopnea index, oxygen desaturation index, and quality-of-life measures in patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who cannot tolerate continuous positive airway pressure. Cardiac arrhythmias are common in patients with OSA and can require electrical cardioversion. We describe the first four reported cases of hypoglossal nerve stimulator (HGNS) dysfunction after electrical cardioversion and illustrate our operative approach to device troubleshooting and repair...
August 2019: Laryngoscope
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jerry Y Du, Adam J Schell, Chang-Yeon Kim, Nikunj N Trivedi, Uri M Ahn, Nicholas U Ahn
STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case-control study. OBJECTIVE: To determine incidence and timing of mortality following surgery for spinal epidural abscess (SEA), identify risk factors for mortality, and identify complications associated with mortality. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: SEA is a serious condition with potentially devastating sequelae. There is a paucity of literature characterizing mortality following surgery for SEA. METHODS: The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database was used...
April 15, 2019: Spine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark Romig, Howard Carolan, Alan Ravitz, Hildy Schell-Chaple, Edward Yoon, Cindy Dwyer, Kevin Thornton, Michael Gropper, Peter J Pronovost, Adam Sapirstein
Project Emerge took a systems engineering approach to reduce avoidable harm in the intensive care unit. We developed a socio-technology solution to aggregate and display information relevant to preventable patient harm. We compared providers' efficiency and ability to assess and assimilate data associated with patient-safety practice compliance using the existing electronic health record to Emerge, and evaluated for speed, accuracy, and the number of mouse clicks required. When compared to the standard electronic health record, clinicians were faster (529 ± 210 s vs 1132 ± 344 s), required fewer mouse clicks (42...
September 17, 2018: Health Informatics Journal
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REVIEW
Kevin C Thornton, Jennifer J Schwarz, A Kendall Gross, Wendy G Anderson, Kathleen D Liu, Mark C Romig, Hildy Schell-Chaple, Peter J Pronovost, Adam Sapirstein, Michael A Gropper, Angela K M Lipshutz
OBJECTIVE: Preventing harm remains a persistent challenge in the ICU despite evidence-based practices known to reduce the prevalence of adverse events. This review seeks to describe the critical role of safety culture and patient and family engagement in successful quality improvement initiatives in the ICU. We review the evidence supporting the impact of safety culture and provide practical guidance for those wishing to implement initiatives aimed at improving safety culture and more effectively integrate patients and families in such efforts...
September 2017: Critical Care Medicine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sudha K Iyengar, John R Sedor, Barry I Freedman, W H Linda Kao, Matthias Kretzler, Benjamin J Keller, Hanna E Abboud, Sharon G Adler, Lyle G Best, Donald W Bowden, Allison Burlock, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Shelley A Cole, Mary E Comeau, Jeffrey M Curtis, Jasmin Divers, Christiane Drechsler, Ravi Duggirala, Robert C Elston, Xiuqing Guo, Huateng Huang, Michael Marcus Hoffmann, Barbara V Howard, Eli Ipp, Paul L Kimmel, Michael J Klag, William C Knowler, Orly F Kohn, Tennille S Leak, David J Leehey, Man Li, Alka Malhotra, Winfried März, Viji Nair, Robert G Nelson, Susanne B Nicholas, Stephen J O'Brien, Madeleine V Pahl, Rulan S Parekh, Marcus G Pezzolesi, Rebekah S Rasooly, Charles N Rotimi, Jerome I Rotter, Jeffrey R Schelling, Michael F Seldin, Vallabh O Shah, Adam M Smiles, Michael W Smith, Kent D Taylor, Farook Thameem, Denyse P Thornley-Brown, Barbara J Truitt, Christoph Wanner, E Jennifer Weil, Cheryl A Winkler, Philip G Zager, Robert P Igo, Robert L Hanson, Carl D Langefeld
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common etiology of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the industrialized world and accounts for much of the excess mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. Approximately 45% of U.S. patients with incident end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) have DKD. Independent of glycemic control, DKD aggregates in families and has higher incidence rates in African, Mexican, and American Indian ancestral groups relative to European populations. The Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes (FIND) performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) contrasting 6,197 unrelated individuals with advanced DKD with healthy and diabetic individuals lacking nephropathy of European American, African American, Mexican American, or American Indian ancestry...
August 2015: PLoS Genetics
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
William P Cawthorn, Erica L Scheller, Brian S Learman, Sebastian D Parlee, Becky R Simon, Hiroyuki Mori, Xiaomin Ning, Adam J Bree, Benjamin Schell, David T Broome, Sandra S Soliman, Jenifer L DelProposto, Carey N Lumeng, Aditi Mitra, Sandeep V Pandit, Katherine A Gallagher, Joshua D Miller, Venkatesh Krishnan, Susanta K Hui, Miriam A Bredella, Pouneh K Fazeli, Anne Klibanski, Mark C Horowitz, Clifford J Rosen, Ormond A MacDougald
The adipocyte-derived hormone adiponectin promotes metabolic and cardiovascular health. Circulating adiponectin increases in lean states such as caloric restriction (CR), but the reasons for this paradox remain unclear. Unlike white adipose tissue (WAT), bone marrow adipose tissue (MAT) increases during CR, and both MAT and serum adiponectin increase in many other clinical conditions. Thus, we investigated whether MAT contributes to circulating adiponectin. We find that adiponectin secretion is greater from MAT than WAT...
August 5, 2014: Cell Metabolism
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christian Fischer, Susan L Zultanski, Hua Zhou, Joey L Methot, W Colby Brown, Dawn M Mampreian, Adam J Schell, Sanjiv Shah, Hugh Nuthall, Bethany L Hughes, Nadja Smotrov, Candia M Kenific, Jonathan C Cruz, Deborah Walker, Melanie Bouthillette, George N Nikov, Dan F Savage, Valentina V Jeliazkova-Mecheva, Damaris Diaz, Alexander A Szewczak, Nathan Bays, Richard E Middleton, Benito Munoz, Mark S Shearman
Synthesis, SAR, and evaluation of aryl triazoles as novel gamma secretase modulators (GSMs) are presented in this communication. Starting from the literature and in-house leads, we evaluated a range of five-membered heterocycles as replacements for olefins commonly found in non-acid GSMs. 1,2,3-C-aryl-triazoles were identified as suitable replacements which exhibited good modulation of γ-secretase activity, excellent pharmacokinetics and good central lowering of Aβ42 in Sprague-Dawley rats.
July 1, 2011: Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters
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