keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517029/sorghum-phytonutrients-and-their-health-benefits-a-systematic-review-from-cell-to-clinical-trials
#21
REVIEW
Lívia de Lacerda de Oliveira, Lúcio Flávio de Alencar Figueiredo
Sorghum is key for global food security due to its genetic variability, resilience, and rich phytonutrient content, which are linked to numerous health benefits. A systematic review assessed the health effects of sorghum by analyzing cell (n = 22), animal (n = 20), and human (n = 7) studies across antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular, and diabetes outcomes. This review, involving 42 papers and 177 researchers from 12 countries, collected data from sorghum accessions (acc) and significant effects...
March 22, 2024: Journal of Food Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516445/obesity-and-preventive-intervention-among-children-a-narrative-review
#22
REVIEW
Sayali Umekar, Abhishek Joshi
Childhood obesity has become a major public health concern around the world, with a rise in prevalence over the last few decades. This abstract provides an overview of pediatric obesity, including its causes, implications, and potential treatments. Childhood obesity is caused by a complex combination of environmental, genetic, and behavioral variables. A child's likelihood of developing obesity is influenced by factors, such as socioeconomic status, family dynamics, and cultural norms. Childhood obesity leads to extensive repercussions, elevating the risk of chronic conditions, such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and mental health challenges...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516000/kr%C3%A3-pple-like-factors-in-cardiomyopathy-emerging-player-and-therapeutic-opportunities
#23
REVIEW
Le-Kun Gui, Huang-Jun Liu, Li-Jun Jin, Xiao-Chun Peng
Cardiomyopathy, a heterogeneous pathological condition characterized by changes in cardiac structure or function, represents a significant risk factor for the prevalence and mortality of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Research conducted over the years has led to the modification of definition and classification of cardiomyopathy. Herein, we reviewed seven of the most common types of cardiomyopathies, including Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC), diabetic cardiomyopathy, Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM), desmin-associated cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM), Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (ICM), and obesity cardiomyopathy, focusing on their definitions, epidemiology, and influencing factors...
2024: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512763/breaking-the-barriers-the-role-of-gut-homeostasis-in-metabolic-associated-steatotic-liver-disease-masld
#24
REVIEW
Raquel Benedé-Ubieto, Francisco Javier Cubero, Yulia A Nevzorova
Obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and the gut microbiome intricately interplay in Metabolic-associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), previously known as Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), a growing health concern. The complex progression of MASLD extends beyond the liver, driven by "gut-liver axis," where diet, genetics, and gut-liver interactions influence disease development. The pathophysiology of MASLD involves excessive liver fat accumulation, hepatocyte dysfunction, inflammation, and fibrosis, with subsequent risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)...
2024: Gut Microbes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512255/long-term-body-mass-index-variability-and-adverse-cardiovascular-outcomes
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zakaria Almuwaqqat, Qin Hui, Chang Liu, Jin J Zhou, Benjamin F Voight, Yuk-Lam Ho, Daniel C Posner, Jason L Vassy, J Michael Gaziano, Kelly Cho, Peter W F Wilson, Yan V Sun
IMPORTANCE: Body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) is a commonly used estimate of obesity, which is a complex trait affected by genetic and lifestyle factors. Marked weight gain and loss could be associated with adverse biological processes. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between BMI variability and incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) events in 2 distinct cohorts. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study used data from the Million Veteran Program (MVP) between 2011 and 2018 and participants in the UK Biobank (UKB) enrolled between 2006 and 2010...
March 4, 2024: JAMA Network Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509584/pdgfr%C3%AE-%C3%A2-%C3%A2-cell-hif2%C3%AE-is-dispensable-for-white-adipose-tissue-metabolic-remodeling-and-hepatic-lipid-accumulation-in-obese-mice
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tao Yao, Danni Wei, Xin Tian, Lin Zhao, Qiangyou Wan, Xiaoli Zhang, Juan Cai, Siqi Li, Bowen Diao, Suihan Feng, Bo Shan, Mengle Shao, Ying Wu
BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with extensive white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion and remodeling. Healthy WAT expansion contributes to the maintenance of energy balance in the liver, thereby ameliorating obesity-related hepatic steatosis. Tissue-resident mesenchymal stromal cell populations, including PDGFRβ + perivascular cells, are increasingly recognized pivotal as determinants of the manner in which WAT expands. However, the full array of regulatory factors controlling WAT stromal cell functions remains to be fully elucidated...
March 20, 2024: Lipids in Health and Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509034/estimating-causality-between-smoking-and-abdominal-obesity-by-mendelian-randomization
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Germán D Carrasquilla, Mario García-Ureña, María J Romero-Lado, Tuomas O Kilpeläinen
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Smokers tend to have a lower body weight than non-smokers, but also more abdominal fat. It remains unclear whether or not the relationship between smoking and abdominal obesity is causal. Previous Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have investigated this relationship by relying upon a single genetic variant for smoking heaviness. This approach is sensitive to pleiotropic effects and may produce imprecise causal estimates. We aimed to estimate causality between smoking and abdominal obesity using multiple genetic instruments...
March 20, 2024: Addiction
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507120/causal-effects-of-sleep-traits-on-metabolic-syndrome-and-its-components-a-mendelian-randomization-study
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yongli Yang, Long Wen, Xuezhong Shi, Chaojun Yang, Jingwen Fan, Yi Zhang, Guibin Shen, Huiping Zhou, Xiaocan Jia
PURPOSE: Previous observational studies have suggested an association between sleep disturbance and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, it remains unclear whether this association is causal. This study aims to investigate the causal effects of sleep-related traits on MetS using Mendelian randomization (MR). METHODS: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms strongly associated with daytime napping, insomnia, chronotype, short sleep, and long sleep were selected as genetic instruments from the corresponding genome-wide association studies (GWAS)...
March 20, 2024: Sleep & Breathing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506863/-history-and-physycal-examination
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Silvana Beatriz Monsell, María Cristina Diaz
The most effective method for diagnosing food allergy is the clinical history, which includes anamnesis and physical examination. The anamnesis must include a directed and detailed questioning, and together with the physical examination, it will provide the necessary data to guide the diagnosis and suggest whether the pathophysiology is mediated or not by IgE, which is relevant for the selection and interpretation of the tests. specific and establish the accurate diagnosis, in addition to evaluating the possibility of distinguishing between the different differential diagnoses...
December 31, 2023: Revista Alergia Mexico: Organo Oficial de la Sociedad Mexicana de Alergia e Inmunología, A.C
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38506077/association-between-sex-hormones-and-bone-age-in-boys-aged-9-18%C3%A2-years-from-china
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wen Shu, Wenquan Niu, Yaqin Zhang, Hui Li
This study aimed to analyse the association between sex hormones and bone age (BA) in boys aged 9-18 years, both individually and interactively, and further to explore whether nutritional status may influence this association. A retrospective analysis was performed among 1382 Chinese boys with physical measurements, sexual characteristics, BA radiographs and sex hormone indicators from February 2015 to February 2022. A total of 470 (34.0%) boys had advanced BA. BA was positively associated with estradiol, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone in both advanced and normal BA groups after adjusting for age, genetic height and body mass index...
April 2024: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504356/exploring-the-role-of-genetic-variations-in-nafld-implications-for-disease-pathogenesis-and-precision-medicine-approaches
#31
REVIEW
Seyedeh Kosar Mahmoudi, Shadi Tarzemani, Taha Aghajanzadeh, Mohammadreza Kasravi, Behzad Hatami, Mohammad Reza Zali, Kaveh Baghaei
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver diseases, affecting more than one-quarter of people worldwide. Hepatic steatosis can progress to more severe forms of NAFLD, including NASH and cirrhosis. It also may develop secondary diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Genetic and environmental factors regulate NAFLD incidence and progression, making it a complex disease. The contribution of various environmental risk factors, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, diet, and sedentary lifestyle, to the exacerbation of liver injury is highly understood...
March 20, 2024: European Journal of Medical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504134/the-melanocortin-4-receptor-pathway-and-the-emergence-of-precision-medicine-in-obesity-management
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sima Fansa, Andres Acosta
Over the past few decades, there has been a global surge in the prevalence of obesity, rendering it a globally recognized epidemic. Contrary to simply being a medical condition, obesity is an intricate disease with a multifactorial aetiology. Understanding the precise cause of obesity remains a challenge; nevertheless, there seems to be a complex interplay among biological, psychosocial and behavioural factors. Studies on the genetic factors of obesity have revealed several pathways in the brain that play a crucial role in food intake regulation...
March 19, 2024: Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503857/dietary-linoleic-acid-supplementation-protects-against-obesity-induced-microglial-reactivity-in-mice
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucas Jantzen, Stéphanie Dumontoy, Bahrie Ramadan, Christophe Houdayer, Emmanuel Haffen, Aziz Hichami, Naim Akhtar Khan, Vincent Van Waes, Lidia Cabeza
We investigated whether linoleic acid (LA) supplementation could modulate emotional behavior and microglia-related neuroinflammation. For that, male mice of C57BL/6J genetic background fed either a high-fat diet (HFD) or a standard diet (STD) for 12 weeks, were treated with a vehicle or LA solution for 5 weeks before being evaluated for emotional behavior using a battery of behavioral tests. The animals were subsequently sacrificed and their brains collected and processed for immunofluorescence staining, targeting microglia-specific calcium-binding proteins (IBA-1)...
March 19, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503023/brain-derived-neurotrophic-factor-gene-rs925946-associates-with-israeli-females-obesity-predisposition-an-interaction-between-genetics-eating-habits-and-physical-inactivity
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Danyel Chermon, Ruth Birk
The global obesity pandemic presents a pressing health challenge, with an increasing prevalence shaped by an intricate interplay of genetics and environment. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a pivotal role in regulating feeding behavior and energy expenditure. BDNF single nucleotide polymorphisms have been linked to obesity risk. We hypothesized that BDNF rs925946 is positively associated with obesity susceptibility in the Israeli population. We aimed to study BDNF rs925946 association with obesity susceptibility and its interaction with environmental factors, including eating habits, sugar-sweetened beverages, and physical activity...
February 23, 2024: Nutrition Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503007/association-of-longitudinal-trajectories-of-general-and-abdominal-adiposity-during-middle-age-with-mental-health-and-well-being-in-late-life-a-prospective-analysis
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huibo Qin, Gang Hu, Zhengting Liang, Xin Jin, Xiaodong Chen, Binbin Su, Yanping Bao, Jing Ouyang, Yunhe Wang
Single measures of adiposity markers, such as body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), are associated with adverse mental health outcomes; however, long-term patterns of adiposity and their health effects remain unclear. The current study assessed adiposity trajectories during a 14-year span beyond middle age and their relevance to mental well-being in late life, and the contribution of genetic and lifestyle factors to the trajectories. Based on a nationally representative sample with longitudinal anthropometric measures, adiposity trajectories were identified by latent mixture modeling, and logistic regression model was used to estimate their associations with mental well-being, with adjustment for confounders...
March 15, 2024: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501861/exploring-functional-genes-correlation-with-s-equol-concentration-and-new-daidzein-racemase-identification
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yun-Fei Hu, Shu Luo, Sheng-Qi Wang, Ke-Xin Chen, Wei-Xuan Zhong, Bai-Yuan Li, Lin-Yan Cao, Hua-Hai Chen, Ye-Shi Yin
UNLABELLED: With its estrogenic activity, ( S )-equol plays an important role in maintaining host health and preventing estrogen-related diseases. Exclusive production occurs through the transformation of soy isoflavones by intestinal bacteria, but the reasons for variations in ( S )-equol production among different individuals and species remain unclear. Here, fecal samples from humans, pigs, chickens, mice, and rats were used as research objects. The concentrations of ( S )-equol, along with the genetic homology and evolutionary relationships of ( S )-equol production-related genes [daidzein reductase (DZNR), daidzein racemase (DDRC), dihydrodaidzein reductase (DHDR), tetrahydrodaidzein reductase (THDR)], were analyzed...
March 20, 2024: Applied and Environmental Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500905/comprehensive-review-on-pancreatic-head-cancer-pathogenesis-diagnosis-and-treatment-challenges-in-the-quest-for-improved-survival
#37
REVIEW
Shreya Singh, Anupama Sawal
This comprehensive review explores the complexities surrounding pancreatic head cancer, a highly fatal and challenging-to-treat illness with a survival rate of less than five years. Despite being a major contributor to cancer-related deaths, pancreatic head malignancy often eludes early detection due to its posterior location and high metastatic potential. The review delves into the associated symptoms, including gastric outlet obstruction and obstructive jaundice, highlighting the impact on the patient's eligibility for surgery...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500542/gnb1-related-rod-cone-dystrophy-a-case-report
#38
Giovanni Marco Conti, Francesca Cancellieri, Mathieu Quinodoz, Karolina Kaminska, Veronika Vaclavik, Carlo Rivolta, Hoai Viet Tran
INTRODUCTION: The GNB1 (guanine nucleotide-binding protein, β1) gene encodes for the ubiquitous β1 subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins, which are associated with G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). GNB1 mutations cause a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a broad clinical spectrum. A novel variant has recently been confirmed in a case of rod-cone dystrophy. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe the second confirmed case of a classical rod-cone dystrophy associated with a mutation located in exon 6 of GNB1 [NM_002074...
2024: Case Reports in Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500373/targeting-cell-senescence-and-senolytics-novel-interventions-for-age-related-endocrine-dysfunction
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masayoshi Suda, Karl H Paul, Utkarsh Tripathi, Tohru Minamino, Tamara Tchkonia, James L Kirkland
Multiple changes occur in hormonal regulation with aging and across various endocrine organs. These changes are associated with multiple age-related disorders and diseases. A better understanding of responsible underling biological mechanisms could help in the management of multiple endocrine disorders over and above hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Cellular senescence is involved in multiple biological aging processes and pathologies common in elderly individuals. Cellular senescence, which occurs in many older individuals but also across the lifespan in association with tissue damage, acute and chronic diseases, certain drugs, and genetic syndromes, may contribute to such endocrine disorders as osteoporosis, metabolic syndrome, and type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM)...
March 19, 2024: Endocrine Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38500220/childhood-obesity-and-risk-of-alzheimer-s-disease-a-mendelian-randomization-study
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenxiang Qing, Yujie Qian
BACKGROUND: Midlife obesity is a modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. However, the association between childhood obesity and Alzheimer's disease remains largely unknown. Therefore, we conducted a mendelian randomization analysis (MR) to assess the causal link between childhood obesity and Alzheimer's disease. METHODS: Using summary statistics from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) database, we explored the genetic link between childhood obesity and Alzheimer's disease through a two-sample MR...
March 18, 2024: Archives of Public Health, Archives Belges de Santé Publique
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