keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36768694/targeting-the-retinoic-acid-pathway-to-eradicate-cancer-stem-cells
#1
REVIEW
Geoffrey Brown
All- trans retinoic acid is a morphogen during embryogenesis and a teratogen. Cancer is an error of development, and the retinoic acid receptors (RAR) for all- trans retinoic acid play a role in cancer. Expression of the cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenases, which mediate the last step to the synthesis of all- trans retinoic acid, is deregulated in various human cancers. Inhibiting these enzymes using a variety of agents reduced the proliferation of lung cancer cells, reduced the proliferation and induced apoptosis of ovarian, prostate, squamous, and uterine cancer cells, and sensitised breast, colorectal and ovarian cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents...
January 25, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34880342/in-vitro-propagation-and-phytochemical-profiling-of-a-highly-medicinal-and-endemic-plant-species-of-the-himalayan-region-saussurea-costus
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ajmal Khan, Azhar Hussain Shah, Niaz Ali
Efficient protocols for callus induction and micro propagation of Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipsch were developed and phytochemical diversity of wild and in-vitro propagated material was investigated. Brown and red compact callus was formed with frequency of 80-95%, 78-90%, 70-95% and 65-80% from seeds, leaf, petiole and root explants, respectively. MS media supplemented with BAP (2.0 mgL-1 ), NAA (1.0 mgL-1 ) and GA3 (0.25 mgL-1 ) best suited for multiple shoot buds initiation (82%), while maximum shoot length was formed on media with BAP (1...
December 8, 2021: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30500344/protective-role-of-chrysin-on-thioacetamide-induced-hepatic-encephalopathy-in-rats
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Salma A El-Marasy, Sally A El Awdan, Reham M Abd-Elsalam
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a serious neuropsychiatric syndrome due to either acute or chronic hepatic failure. This study aimed to investigate the possible neuroprotective effect of chrysin, a natural flavenoid on thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats. Also the effect of chrysin on motor impairment, cognitive deficits, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, apoptosis and histopathological damage was assessed. HE was induced in Wistar rats by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of TAA (200 mg/kg) for three alternative days...
February 1, 2019: Chemico-biological Interactions
https://read.qxmd.com/read/28127343/in-vitro-antiplasmodial-activity-and-cytotoxic-effect-of-z-2-benzylidene-4-6-dimethoxybenzofuran-3-2h-one-derivatives
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ali Ramazani, Reza Hamidnezhad, Alireza Foroumadi, Seyed Abbas Mirzaei, Somayyeh Maddahi, Seyed Mehdi Hassanzadeh
BACKGROUND: Aurones are naturally occurring compounds that belong to flavenoids family and have antiplasmodial effects. This study investigated some new aurones derivatives against chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium falciparum. Here we report the synthesis, in vitro antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxic evaluation of 11 compound from derivatives of (Z)-2- benzylidene-4, 6-dimethoxybenzofuran-3(2H)-one. METHODS: The cytotoxic evaluations of active compounds were performed with MTT (3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay on human breast cancer cell lines; MCF7 and T47D...
July 2016: Iranian Journal of Parasitology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26634113/preventing-and-therapeutic-effect-of-propolis-in-radiotherapy-induced-mucositis-of-head-and-neck-cancers-a-triple-blind-randomized-placebo-controlled-trial
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abbas Javadzadeh Bolouri, Atessa Pakfetrat, Arghavan Tonkaboni, Seyed Amir Aledavood, Mohsen Fathi Najafi, Zahra Delavarian, Mohammad Taghi Shakeri, Azade Mohtashami
BACKGROUND: Mucositis is one of the acute complications of radiotherapy which can ulcerate oral mucosa and cause severe pain and discomfort which can affect oral normal function. Propolis is a natural source of flavenoid which has antiulcer, antibacterial, antifungal, healing and anti-inflammatory effects. Using such an affordable compound without any bad smell or taste that has reasonable price can help the radiotherapy undergoing patients. OBJECTIVES: Our goal is assessing the preventing and therapeutic effect of propolis in radiotherapy induced mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer...
October 2015: Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24473974/ion-exchange-properties-of-isolated-tomato-fruit-cuticular-membrane-exchange-capacity-nature-of-fixed-charges-and-cation-selectivity
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Schönherr, M J Bukovac
Isolated tomato fruit cuticular membrane, free of extractable materials, was titrated potentiometrically using various bases. Three dissociable groups were observed in the pH ranges 3-6 (0.2 meq g(-1)), 6-9 (0.3 meq g(-1)) and 9-12 (0.55 meq g(-1)). The first group was tentatively assigned to-COOH groups of pectic materials and protein embedded in the membrane, the second to nonesterified-COOH groups of the cutin polymer and the third to phenolic-OH groups, such as non-extractable flavenoids present in the membrane, and to a small amount of-NH 3 (+) groups of proteins...
March 1973: Planta
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23988183/induction-of-hypoxia-by-vascular-disrupting-agents-and-the-significance-for-their-combination-with-radiation-therapy
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ane B Iversen, Morten Busk, Michael R Horsman
PURPOSE: This pre-clinical study was designed to investigate the effect of various vascular disrupting agents (VDAs) that have undergone or are in clinical evaluation, had on the oxygenation status of tumours and what effects that could have on the combination with radiation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The tumour model was a C3H mammary carcinoma grown in the right rear foot of female CDF1 mice and treated when at 200 mm(3) in size. The VDAs were the flavenoid compounds flavone acetic acid (FAA) and its more recent derivative 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA), and the leading tubulin binding agent combretastatin A-4 phosphate (CA4P) and the A-1 analogue OXi4503...
October 2013: Acta Oncologica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/21414220/dichrostachys-cinerea-l-wight-et-arn-mimosaceae-hydro-alcoholic-extract-action-on-the-contractility-of-tracheal-smooth-muscle-isolated-from-guinea-pig
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raissa Rr Aworet-Samseny, Alain Souza, Fidele Kpahé, Kiessoun Konaté, Jacques Y Datté
BACKGROUND: Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight et Arn. (Mimosaceae) is largely used in ethno-medically across Africa, and mainly employed for the treatment of asthma in Ivory Coast and Gabon. The paper analyses the relaxation induced by the methanolic extract of D. cinerea (Edici) in the guinea-pig trachea preparations (GPTPs). PURPOSE: This study aimed to bring out the scientific basis to the use of this plant leading to the validation of this phytomedicine. METHOD: The aorta obtained from guinea-pigs was immediately placed in a Mac Ewen solution...
March 17, 2011: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/20434847/effects-of-anacardium-humile-leaf-extracts-on-the-development-of-gastrointestinal-nematode-larvae-of-sheep
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
P S Nery, F A Nogueira, E R Martins, E R Duarte
The rapid development of nematode resistance to anthelmintics has limited the success of small ruminant gastrointestinal helminthiasis control in several countries, stimulating the search for alternatives. The aim of this work was to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic activity of Anacardium humile (Anacardiaceae) on gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of A. humile leaves were evaluated by the larval development inhibition assay at concentrations of: 187.5, 150, 100, 50, and 30 mg ml(-1); and 100, 80, 60, 40, and 20 mg ml(-1), respectively...
August 4, 2010: Veterinary Parasitology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/19253039/biomarkers-in-aquatic-plants-selection-and-utility
#10
REVIEW
Richard A Brain, Nina Cedergreen
This review emphasizes the predictive ability, sensitivity and specificity of aquatic plant biomarkers as biomonitoring agents of exposure and effect. Biomarkers of exposure are those that provide functional measures of exposure that are characterized at a sub-organism level. Biomarkers of effect require causal linkages between the biomarker and effects, measured at higher levels of biological organization. With the exception of pathway specific metabolites, the biomarkers assessed in this review show variable sensitivity and predictive ability that is often confounded by variations in growth conditions, rendering them unsuitable as stand alone indicators of environmental stress...
2009: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/18475505/the-effect-of-malotilate-a-derivative-of-malotilate-and-a-flavenoid-on-eicosanoid-production-in-inflammatory-bowel-disease-in-rats
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A P Dijk, J H Wilson, F J Zijlstra
Acetic acid induced colitis in rats was used to investigate the effects of malotilate, a drug which has been shown to inhibit 5-1ipoxygenase in human macrophages, the malotilate derivate ZY16268 and the flavenoid ZY16369 on the eicosanoid production and the colonic morphology in inflammatory bowel disease. Acetic acid produced an acute inflammatory response in the colon, associated with a markedly raised inflammation score (15.8 vs. < 0.5), based on a seven-scaled scoring system which includes observation of haemorrhage, submucosal oedema, cellular infiltration, goblet cell depletion, loss of architecture, crypt abscesses and serosal involvement, of which every item was subdivided as mild, moderate and severe...
1993: Mediators of Inflammation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/18214932/hepatic-metabolism-of-contaminants-in-the-terapontid-fish-yellowtail-trumpeter-amniataba-caudavittata-richardson
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Diane Webb, Marthe Monique Gagnon, Tom Rose
The yellowtail trumpeter (Amniataba caudavittata) is an estuarine-dependent omnivorous fish found in the Swan-Canning Estuary, Western Australia. Thirty five fish were injected with either the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), the synthetic flavenoid beta-naphthoflavone (BNF), or used as controls. The fish were then sampled at 3 and 7 days postinjection. Induction of the enzyme ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity was nonsignificant while ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase (ECOD) activity induction differed amongst treatments...
February 2008: Environmental Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/18161507/mutagenic-antimutagenic-cytotoxic-and-apoptotic-activities-of-extracts-from-pituranthos-tortuosus
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Afef Abdelwahed, Ines Skandrani, Soumaya Kilani, A Neffati, Mohamed Ben Sghaier, Ines Bouhlel, Jihed Boubaker, Rebaï Ben Ammar, Amor Mahmoud, Kamel Ghedira, Leila Chekir-Ghedira
Mutagenic and antimutagenic activities against direct acting mutagens, nifuroxazide (NF) and sodium azide (SA), and indirect acting mutagen aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) of extracts prepared from aerial parts of Pituranthos tortuosus were investigated in bacterial assay systems (i.e., the Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA100, TA98, TA1538, TA1535, and the SOS chromotest with Escherichia coli PQ 37). It was found that all extracts obtained from P. tortuosus decreased the mutagenicity induced by AFB1 (10 microg/assay), SA (1...
2008: Drug and Chemical Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/17409139/mek1-2-inhibitors-block-basal-and-transforming-growth-factor-1beta1-stimulated-jc-virus-multiplication
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Veerasamy Ravichandran, Peter N Jensen, Eugene O Major
The multiplication of the human neurotropic polyomavirus JC virus (JCV) is regulated by cell membrane receptors and nuclear transcription factors. Signaling pathways also play a role in determining the extent to which JCV can productively infect cells. These data show that constitutively active MEK1 protein (CA-MEK1), overexpressed in cultures of human glia, supports a substantial increase in late JCV protein (Vp-1) synthesis. The specificity of this pathway was indicated by no significant enhancement of JCV multiplication through activation of other components of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways such as p38, Jun N-terminal protein kinase, and protein kinase A...
June 2007: Journal of Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/11558636/final-report-on-the-safety-assessment-of-arnica-montana-extract-and-arnica-montana
#15
REVIEW
(no author information available yet)
Arnica Montana Extract is an extract of dried flowerheads of the plant, Arnica montana. Arnica Montana is a generic term used to describe a plant material derived from the dried flowers, roots, or rhizomes of A. montana. Common names for A. montana include leopard's bane, mountain tobacco, mountain snuff, and wolf's bane. Two techniques for preparing Arnica Montana Extract are hydroalcoholic maceration and gentle disintegration in soybean oil. Propylene glycol and butylene glycol extractions were also reported...
2001: International Journal of Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/8209283/sources-of-carbon-monoxide-co-in-biological-systems-and-applications-of-co-detection-technologies
#16
REVIEW
P A Rodgers, H J Vreman, P A Dennery, D K Stevenson
Carbon monoxide is produced from a variety of sources in biological systems. Heme oxygenase and heme oxygenase-like activity is the predominant source in mammals, and may be equally important in plants and lower animals. The enzyme appears to be ubiquitous, highly conserved throughout phylogeny, and tightly regulated during development. This and other evidence suggests that heme oxygenase has an important physiological role, of which CO production may be a part. Other minor sources of CO include the oxidation of organic molecules...
February 1994: Seminars in Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/6855223/limiting-ischemic-liver-injury-by-interfering-with-lysosomal-autophagy
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
P D Schneider, C M Gorschboth
Two regimens designed to ameliorate hepatic injury from complete liver dearterialization (LD) by interfering with lysosome-mediated proteolysis were studied in 200-g Buffalo rats. Five rats received a lysosome membrane-stabilizing flavenoid, catechin, 200 mg/kg/day for 5 days pre-LD. Five others were infused with lysosome protease inhibitors (LPI), leupeptin and pepstatin, delivered in 0.22-micron multilamellar liposomes at 500 micrograms each per hour for 2 hr, beginning 20 min before LD. Control groups (n = 4 or 5) were untreated LD, and treated and untreated sham LD rats...
June 1983: Journal of Surgical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/5686768/-flavenoids-from-passiflora-incarnata-l-passiflora-quandrangularis-l-and-passiflora-pulchella-h-b-v-a-chromatographic-study
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B Glotzbach, H Rimpler
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
February 1968: Planta Medica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/3180978/protection-against-absolute-ethanol-induced-gastric-antral-and-corpus-mucosal-injury-a-gross-and-histologic-study
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S K Lo, F W Leung, P H Guth
The purpose of this study was to systematically assess 100% ethanol-induced gross and histologic injury of the antral and the corpus mucosa of the rat stomach and the effect of two protective agents, a prostaglandin analog and meciadanol (a flavenoid) on this injury. The gross antral injury was much more subtle than the corpus injury. Therefore, different scoring criteria were developed for the antrum. Surprisingly, however, the extent and severity of histologic injury was similar in both areas. Pretreatment with either meciadanol or 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 significantly protected against this injury in the antrum as well as in the corpus...
November 1988: Digestive Diseases and Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/2708142/discovery-production-and-biological-assay-of-an-unusual-flavenoid-cofactor-involved-in-lincomycin-biosynthesis
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J H Coats, G P Li, M S Kuo, D A Yurek
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 1989: Journal of Antibiotics
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