ascitis

There are two significant groups of infection regarding ascitic fluid: spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and culture-negative neutrocytic ascites (CNNA). SBP and CNNA typically occur in patients with cirrhosis. A 46-year-old male with end-stage biventricular heart failure presented with a heart failure exacerbation. He was treated with intravenous diuretics with the improvement of hypervolemia. He remained hospitalized to undergo an evaluation for tricuspid valve repair, but given the severity of his bi-ventricular heart failure, he underwent a heart transplant evaluation...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Chylous ascites is an uncommon form of ascites characterized by milky fluid rich in triglycerides. It is associated with poor lymphatic drainage. We report a case of chylous ascites revealing a follicular lymphoma. CASE PRESENTATION: A 73-year-old man presented with a 6-month history of abdominal distension attributed to a chylous ascitis. The thoraco-abdomino-pelvic CT scan revealed voluminous intra- and retroperitoneal mass inseparable from the duodeno-pancreatic block and encompassing the mesenteric vessels, inferior vena cava and renal vessels; abundant ascites and multiple mediastinal, coeliomesenteric, retroperitoneal, iliac and inguinal adenomegalia...

Salmonella is an unusual cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). It is commonly seen in asymptomatic patients with normal or high ascitic fluid protein levels and an immunocompromised state such as AIDS and hematological and solid organ malignancies other than liver. SBP from non-typhoidal Salmonella species should be considered, even in the absence of underlying immunosuppression. Our patient presented with a history of high-grade fever and frequent loose stools with decompensated alcoholic liver cirrhosis...

The term portosinusoidal vascular disorder (PSVD) refers to a clinical-pathological entity that encompasses those patients with intrahepatic vascular damage without cirrhosis at risk of developing severe complications of portal hypertension. Numerous systemic diseases, genetic disorders, and toxic agents have been associated with this pathology, making its diagnosis an important clinical challenge. The recent description of uniform diagnostic criteria and a better understanding of its pathophysiology will allow for better identification of patients, even in early stages of the disease...

Primary meningeal melanomatosis is an extremely rare tumor with very few documented responses to treatment. A 3-year-old male with a complex past medical history, including prematurity and shunted hydrocephalus, was diagnosed with primary meningeal melanomatosis with peritoneal implants. Molecular testing revealed an NRAS Q61R mutation. The patient received proton craniospinal radiation followed by immunotherapy with nivolumab (1 mg/kg) and ipilimumab (3 mg/kg) IV every 3 weeks and, upon progression, he was switched to a higher dose of nivolumab (3 mg/kg IV every 2 weeks) and binimetinib (24 mg/m2 /dose, twice a day)...

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The term pseudoascitis is used in patients who give the false impression of ascites, with abdominal distension but without peritoneal free fluid. The case of a 66-year-old woman, hypertensive and hypothyroid with occasional alcohol consumption, who consults due to progressive abdominal distension of 6 months of evolution and diffuse percussion dullness is presented, in whom a paracentesis is performed with the wrong endorsement of examination ultrasound that reports abundant intrabdominal free fluid (Fig. 1), later finding in the CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis an expansive process of cystic appearance of 295mm x 208mm x 250mm...

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are an important component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and have been linked to immunosuppression and poor prognosis. TAMs have been shown to be harmful in ovarian cancer (OC), with a positive correlation between their high levels of tumors and poor overall patient survival. These cells are crucial in the progression and chemoresistance of OC. The primary pro-tumoral role of TAMs is the release of cytokines, chemokines, enzymes, and exosomes that directly enhance the invasion potential and chemoresistance of OC by activating their pro-survival signalling pathways...

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is characterized by increased vascular permeability, hemoconcentration and fluid leakage to the third space. The vast majority of OHSS cases occur following ovarian stimulation for IVF. This potentially lethal iatrogenic condition is one of the most serious complications of assisted reproductive technologies. We report one case of severe early OHSS after GnRH agonist trigger in a GnRH antagonist protocol and freeze-all approach without the administration of any hCG for luteal-phase support in a 34-year-old case of PCO with 7 years primary infertility...

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease, sometimes characterized by an extrapulmonary localization in 30 - 50% of cases. We describe a 60-year-old Italian man with an unexplained history of fatigue, ascitis and progressive renal function impairment. Diagnosis of hepatic and bone marrow sarcoidosis was established by histology, and fast improvement of renal function was obtained after starting  corticosteroid therapy. Atypical presentation and simultaneous involvement of liver, bone marrow and kidneys make diagnosis of extrapulmonary sarcoidosis still a diagnostic challenge...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common primary tumor of the liver that is highly invasive and can even invade the portal and hepatic veins in later stages. In this report, we present one such rare case of HCC invading the right atrium. A 69-year-old male patient recently diagnosed with HCC secondary to hepatitis C presented to the hospital after experiencing an episode of near syncope. On examination, he had a distended abdomen consistent with ascites with positive fluid shift, elevated jugular vein distention (JVD), and bilateral pitting lower extremity edema...

AIMS: the main purpose of this study was to identify new selective antitumor agents. MAIN METHODS: several hydrazonoyl chlorides (HCs) were synthesized and human tumor cell line viability was determined using the MTT assay. Tumor development was assessed using Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC)-bearing mice. KEY FINDINGS: our results showed that 2-oxo-N-phenyl-2-(phenylamino)acetohydrazonoyl chloride (compound 4; CPD 4) and 2-oxo-2-(phenylamino)-N-(p-tolyl)acetohydrazonoyl chloride (CPD 5) were the most cytotoxic HCs to human cervical tumor HeLa (IC50 : 20 and 25 μM for CPD 4 and 5 respectively), breast MCF7 (IC50 : 29 and 34 μM for CPD 4 and 5 respectively) and colon HCT116 cancer cells (IC50 : 26 and 25 μM for CPD 4 and 5 respectively) with the least cytotoxicity to human non-tumor CCD-18Co colon fibroblasts as well as murine splenocytes...

Introduction: Primary effusion lymphoma is a low-frequency and high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma caused by the Human Herpes virus 8. It mainly affects individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), although it has also been described in HIV-negative cases. It is characterized by the presence of a malignant lymphomatous effusion in the different serous cavities, the pleural cavity being the most affected. Involvement outside the serosae is very rare. Diagnosis is made by analysis of the fluid accumulated in the serosae or by biopsy of the same, demonstrating the presence of characteristic neoplastic lymphocytes...

En México, la presión coloidosmótica del plasma ha sido un tema clave del estudio de la mujer embarazada por más de dos décadas. Las investigaciones clínicas han permitido conocer sus valores en población abierta, mujeres con embarazo normal, puerperio fisiológico, preeclampsia severa, síndrome HELLP y eclampsia. También se ha reportado la relación de la presión coloidosmótica del plasma con la presión sanguínea (índice de Briones), síndrome de fuga capilar y la acumulación de líquido en cavidades serosas (derrame pleural, ascitis)...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Mucormycosis is a rare infection caused by the fungus belonging to the order Mucorales . Mucormycosis predominantly affects immunocompromised individuals such as people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, blood malignancies, organ transplant, etc. Involvement of the kidneys usually occurs as a result of disseminated mucormycosis. We report a very rare case of isolated renal mucormycosis in an immunocompetant individual without any prior comorbidities who had an unusual presentation of mucormycosis...

Prostate cancer is a very common cause of morbidity and mortality in India. The commonest type of prostate carcinoma is adenocarcinoma, most of them are confined to prostate at the time of presentation. Bone is the preferred site for metastasis. The following is a case of neuroendocrine carcinoma of prostate arising in a 36 years old male who presented with ascitis and jaundice to the emergency department. The ascitic tap was positive for malignant cells. CECT done to detect primary showed osteoblastic secondaries in the spine along with lesions in the liver...

La fuga quilosa es una complicación muy poco frecuente tras la cirugía colorrectal. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 70 años con neoplasia de recto medio intervenido de forma electiva tras un ciclo largo de neoadyuvancia mediante una resección anterior de recto por laparoscopia. El cuarto día de posoperatorio presentó un drenaje pélvico de aspecto quiloso y el día 13 se confirmó la fuga quilosa en la linfografía. Posteriormente el débito se redujo de forma rápida. La linfografía no solo es un método diagnóstico, sino que en el 35-70% de los casos puede también ser terapéutica...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) are successfully used in the management of portal hypertension (PH)-related complications. Debate surrounds the diameter of the dilation. The aim was to analyse the outcomes of and complications deriving from TIPS in patients with cirrhosis and identify predictors of survival. METHODS: This was a retrospective single-centre study, which included patients with cirrhosis who had a TIPS procedure for PH from 2009 to October 2018...

In recent decades, several mass mortalities were recorded in riverine ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) in Tokyo Metropolis, Hiroshima Prefecture, and Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan; in these outbreaks, microbiological and pathological examinations revealed Edwardsiella ictaluri as the causative agent. In this study, histopathological findings and immunohistochemical localization of the bacteria following experimental infection of ayu were discussed. Infection experiments were performed using 44 healthy cultured ayu fingerlings using E...