Etf

This research paper aims to examine the impact of exchange-traded funds (ETFs) on stock movements in Iran, particularly during periods of stability and turbulence. The study utilizes a sample of 38 active funds listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange that invest in stocks, covering the period from 2015Q4 to 2023Q2. The GMM panel regression method is used to analyze the data. The results indicate that ETFs in Iran decrease co-movement during stable markets, but increase it during turbulent times. This may have significant implications for ETF investors and market regulators, as higher stock volatility reduces the diversification benefits that ETFs offer...

High-fat diet (HFD) and exercise remodel skeletal muscle mitochondria. The electron transfer flavoproteins (ETF) transfer reducing equivalents from β-oxidation into the electron transfer system. Exercise may stimulate the synthesis of ETF proteins to increase lipid respiration. We determined mitochondrial remodeling for lipid respiration through ETF in the context of higher mitochondrial abundance/capacity seen in female mice. We hypothesized HFD would be a greater stimulus than exercise to remodel ETF and lipid pathways through increased protein synthesis alongside increased lipid respiration...

The denitrifying betaproteobacterium Aromatoleum aromaticum EbN1T is a facultative anaerobic degradation specialist and belongs to the environmental bacteria studied best on the proteogenomic level. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge about the anaerobic and aerobic degradation (to CO2) of 47 organic growth substrates (23 aromatic, 21 aliphatic, and 3 amino acids) as well as the modes of respiratory energy conservation (denitrification vs. O2-respiration). The constructed catabolic network is comprised of 256 genes, which occupy ~7...

Hydrogen (H2 ) is the primary electron donor for methane formation in ruminants, but the H2 -producing organisms involved are largely uncharacterized. This work integrated studies of microbial physiology and genomics to characterize rumen bacterial isolate NK3A20 of the family Lachnospiraceae . Isolate NK3A20 was the first recognized isolate of the NK3A20 group, which is among the ten most abundant bacterial genera in 16S rRNA gene surveys of rumen microbiota. NK3A20 produced acetate, butyrate, H2 , and formate from glucose...

The development of renewable energy sources has grown increasingly as the world shifts toward lowering carbon emissions and supporting sustainability. Solar energy is one of the most promising renewable energy sources, and its harvesting potential has gone beyond typical solar panels to small, portable devices. Also, the trend toward smart buildings is becoming more prevalent at the same time as sensors and small devices are becoming more integrated, and the demand for dependable, sustainable energy sources will increase...

Reed canary grass ( Phalaris arundinacea L.) is known for its tolerance to drought, heavy metals, and waterlogging, making it a popular choice for forage production and wetland restoration in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). To accurately assess gene expression in reed canary grass under different abiotic stresses, suitable reference genes need to be identified and validated. Thirteen candidate reference gene sequences were selected and screened using RT-qPCR to detect their expression levels in reed canary grass leaves under drought, salt, cadmium, and waterlogging stresses...

Maternal (m) consumption of a Western-style diet (WD) during pregnancy alters fatty-acid metabolism and reduces insulin sensitivity in fetal skeletal muscle. The long-term impact of these fetal adaptations and the pathways underlying disordered lipid metabolism are incompletely understood. Therefore, we tested whether a mWD chronically fed to lean, insulin sensitive adult Japanese macaques throughout pregnancy and lactation would impact skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and lipid metabolism in adolescent offspring fed a postweaning (pw)WD or control diet (CD)...

Plastic films utilized as greenhouse coverings play a vital role in safeguarding plantations from diverse weather conditions like sunlight, rain, hail, and wind. It is essential for these films to preserve their properties even after extended exposure to sunlight and water, while also maintaining transparency to support the unhindered growth of plants. The purpose of the study was to compare the properties of three types of plastic films: low density polyethylene diffuse film, low density polyethylene clear film, and ethylene tetrafluoroethylene film, before and after their ageing in weather test chamber with xenon-arc light in the presence of moisture...

A highly ultrasensitive sensor that relied on Cr/ZnO-NPs was developed to detect etilefrine hydrochloride (ETF) in different matrices via a particular green voltammetric technique. The X-ray diffraction pattern showed the nanomaterials of the polycrystalline hexagonal structure. The energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum approved the presence of Cr3+ inside the host zinc oxide framework. The morphological and topological characteristics were visualized using transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy micrographs describing the nanoparticles in spherical-like shape with large-surface area...

We examined two assumptions of the modified rebreathing technique for the assessment of the ventilatory central chemoreflex (CCR) and cerebrovascular CO2 reactivity (CVR), hypothesizing: (1) that rebreathing abolishes the gradient between the partial pressures of arterial and brain tissue CO2 [measured via the surrogate jugular venous <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:semantics><mml:msub><mml:mi>P</mml:mi> <mml:mrow><mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:msub><mml:mi>O</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:annotation>${P_{{\mathrm{C}}{{\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{2}}}}}$</mml:annotation></mml:semantics> </mml:math> and arterial <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www...

To select the appropriate polymer thin films for liquid oxygen composite hoses, the liquid oxygen compatibility and the cryogenic mechanical properties of four fluoropolymer films (PCTFE, ETFE, FEP and PFA) and two non-fluoropolymer films (PET and PI) before and after immersion in liquid oxygen for an extended time were investigated. The results indicated that the four fluoropolymers were compatible with liquid oxygen before and after immersion for 60 days, and the two non-fluoropolymers were not compatible with liquid oxygen...

Climate change poses enormous ecological, socio-economic, health, and financial challenges. A novel extreme value theory is employed in this study to model the risk to environmental, social, and governance (ESG), healthcare, and financial sectors and assess their downside risk, extreme systemic risk, and extreme spillover risk. We use a rich set of global daily data of exchange-traded funds (ETFs) from 1 July 1999 to 30 June 2022 in the case of healthcare and financial sectors and from 1 July 2007 to 30 June 2022 in the case of ESG sector...

The SAFER (Simple Algorithm for Evapotranspiration Retrieving) algorithm and the radiation use efficiency (RUE) model were coupled to test large-scale remote sensing environmental indicators in Brazilian biomes. MODIS MOD13Q1 reflectance product and gridded weather data for the year 2016 were used to demonstrate the suitability of the algorithm to monitor the dynamics of environmental remote sensing indicators along a year in the Brazilian biomes, Amazon, Caatinga, Cerrado, Pantanal, Atlantic Forest, and Pampa...

With the development of quantitative finance, machine learning methods used in the financial fields have been given significant attention among researchers, investors, and traders. However, in the field of stock index spot-futures arbitrage, relevant work is still rare. Furthermore, existing work is mostly retrospective, rather than anticipatory of arbitrage opportunities. To close the gap, this study uses machine learning approaches based on historical high-frequency data to forecast spot-futures arbitrage opportunities for the China Security Index (CSI) 300...

Anaerobic microorganisms use flavin/quinone-based electronic bifurcation (EB) to gain a survival advantage at the thermodynamic limits. However, the contribution of EB to microscopic energy and productivity in the anaerobic digestion (AD) system is unknown. This study demonstrates for the first time that under limited substrate conditions, Fe-driven EB in AD leads to a 40% increase in specific methane production and contributes to 25% ATP accumulation, by analyzing the concentration of EB enzymes such as Etf-Ldh, HdrA2 B2 C2 , and Fd, NADH and actual Gibbs free-energy changes...

Anaerobic, acetogenic bacteria are promising biocatalysts for a sustainable bioeconomy since they capture and convert carbon dioxide to acetic acid. Hydrogen is an intermediate in acetate formation from organic as well as C1 substrates. Here, we analyzed mutants of the model acetogen Acetobacterium woodii in which either one of the two hydrogenases or both together were genetically deleted. In resting cells of the double mutant, hydrogen formation from fructose was completely abolished and carbon was redirected largely to lactate...

The present study aimed to examine whether and to what extent university student online learning performance was influenced by individual-technology fit (ITF), task-technology fit (TTF), environment-technology fit (ETF), and whether the influence was mediated by their behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement. A theoretical research model was developed by integrating the extended TTF theory and student engagement framework. The validity of the model was assessed using a partial least squares structural equation modeling approach based on data collected from 810 university students...

We use an extended joint connectedness technique and the time-varying parameter vector autoregression (ETVP-VAR) method to examine connections between the ARK FinTech Innovation ETF (ARKF), Global X FinTech ETF (FINX), and energy volatility by connectedness as a quality of eight indicators from April 1, 2019, to September 26, 2022. Our results demonstrate that the pattern of ARKF and FINX is picked up as a crucial net shock transmitter that nearly permeates our analyzed sample. Since the COVID-19 epidemic, more people are adopting FinTech partly because of their concern about the disease spreading through social contact and cash handling...

Racism is a public health problem. Systems, structures, policies, and practices perpetuate a culture built on racism. Institutional reform is needed to promote antiracism. This article describes 1) a tool used to develop an equity action and accountability plan (EAAP) that promotes antiracism in the Department of Health Behavior at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's Gillings School of Global Public Health, 2) strategies that were developed, and 3) short-term outcomes and lessons learned. A study coordinator, not affiliated with the Department of Health Behavior, was hired to collect qualitative data that documented the lived experiences of students and alumni of color (ie, racial and ethnic minority students) over time in the department...

An analysis of the SPDR SSGA Gender Diversity Index ETF using fractional integration or I(d) techniques and daily data from 8 March 2016 to 8 January 2021, reveals that the series is highly persistent with an order of integration smaller than, though very close to 1. However, when estimating d recursively across subsamples, two peaks can be observed. The first peak appears in the sample with 679 observations (ending at 26 December 2018) and the second one occurs in the sample with 974 observations and ending at 28 February 2020, which shows the most significant change in d, moving from values within the I(1) interval to values significantly above 1...