keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38354426/cognitive-decline-in-adult-onset-temporal-lobe-epilepsy-insights-from-aetiology
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G Hernández, J Sala-Padró, V Adell, I Rico, A Gasa-Roqué, F Morandeira, J Campdelacreu, J Gascon, M Falip
PURPOSE: To identify patients with adult-onset temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) at risk of developing cognitive decline. Detecting which patients, aetiologies, or factors are most closely related with memory decline would allow us to identify patients that would eventually benefit from more specific treatment. METHODS: Single centre, retrospective analysis of a prospectively followed-up cohort study, including all patients with the diagnosis of adult-onset TLE during 2013, with a minimum follow-up of five years...
February 8, 2024: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38350048/chronic-active-lesions-and-larger-choroid-plexus-explain-cognition-and-fatigue-in-multiple-sclerosis
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paolo Preziosa, Elisabetta Pagani, Alessandro Meani, Loredana Storelli, Monica Margoni, Yury Yudin, Nicolò Tedone, Diana Biondi, Martina Rubin, Maria A Rocca, Massimo Filippi
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic inflammation may contribute to cognitive dysfunction and fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) and choroid plexus (CP) enlargement have been proposed as markers of chronic inflammation in MS being associated with a more severe disease course. However, their relation with cognitive impairment and fatigue has not been fully explored yet. Here, we investigated the contribution of PRL number and volume and CP enlargement to cognitive impairment and fatigue in patients with MS...
March 2024: Neurology® Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38345348/mapping-hippocampal-and-thalamic-atrophy-in-epilepsy-a-7-t-magnetic-resonance-imaging-study
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alfredo Lucas, Sofia Mouchtaris, Ashley Tranquille, Nishant Sinha, Ryan Gallagher, Marissa Mojena, Joel M Stein, Sandhitsu Das, Kathryn A Davis
OBJECTIVE: Epilepsy patients are often grouped together by clinical variables. Quantitative neuroimaging metrics can provide a data-driven alternative for grouping of patients. In this work, we leverage ultra-high-field 7-T structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to characterize volumetric atrophy patterns across hippocampal subfields and thalamic nuclei in drug-resistant focal epilepsy. METHODS: Forty-two drug-resistant epilepsy patients and 13 controls with 7-T structural neuroimaging were included in this study...
February 12, 2024: Epilepsia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38337123/hippocampal-sclerosis-is-associated-with-celiac-disease-type-immunity-in-patients-with-drug-resistant-temporal-lobe-epilepsy
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Peltola, Katri Kaukinen, Pabitra Basnyat, Jani Raitanen, Katri Haimila, Suvi Liimatainen, Sirpa Rainesalo, Jukka Peltola
BACKGROUND: A prior small-scale single center study suggested an association between celiac disease (CD)-type immunity and refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with hippocampal sclerosis (HS). The present study addresses this putative association in a large, well-characterized group of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) patients. These patients were grouped based on the spectrum of CD and gluten sensitivity-associated antibodies. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 253 consecutive adult epilepsy patients (135 females, 118 males; age 16-76 years) were categorized into three groups: (i) CD-positive group with either prior diagnosis of CD or CD-specific TG2/EmA antibodies, (ii) AGA-positive group with antigliadin antibodies (AGA) but without CD, and (iii) CD/AGA-negative group without any gluten sensitivity-associated antibodies or CD...
February 10, 2024: Journal of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38337058/acid-sphingomyelinase-as-a-pathological-and-therapeutic-target-in-neurological-disorders-focus-on-alzheimer-s-disease
#25
REVIEW
Byung Jo Choi, Min Hee Park, Hee Kyung Jin, Jae-Sung Bae
Over the past decade, numerous studies have highlighted the importance of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) in disease treatment in humans. This enzyme functions primarily to generate ceramide, maintain the cellular membrane, and regulate cellular function. However, in the blood and brain of patients with neurological disorders, including major depression, ischemic stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease (AD), elevated ASM levels significantly suggest disease onset or progression...
February 9, 2024: Experimental & Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38336286/cisplatin-induces-bdnf-downregulation-in-middle-aged-female-rat-model-while-bdnf-enhancement-attenuates-cisplatin-neurotoxicity
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Naomi Lomeli, Diana C Pearre, Maureen Cruz, Kaijun Di, Joni L Ricks-Oddie, Daniela A Bota
Cancer-related cognitive impairments (CRCI) are neurological complications associated with cancer treatment, and greatly affect cancer survivors' quality of life. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an essential role in neurogenesis, learning and memory. The reduction of BDNF is associated with the decrease in cognitive function in various neurological disorders. Few pre-clinical studies have reported on the effects of chemotherapy and medical stress on BDNF levels and cognition. The present study aimed to compare the effects of medical stress and cisplatin on serum BDNF levels and cognitive function in 9-month-old female Sprague Dawley rats to age-matched controls...
February 7, 2024: Experimental Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38334254/mri-biomarkers-and-neuropsychological-assessments-of-hippocampal-and-parahippocampal-regions-affected-by-als-a%C3%A2-systematic-review
#27
REVIEW
Sana Mohammadi, Sadegh Ghaderi, Farzad Fatehi
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive motor and extra-motor neurodegenerative disease. This systematic review aimed to examine MRI biomarkers and neuropsychological assessments of the hippocampal and parahippocampal regions in patients with ALS. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in the Scopus and PubMed databases for studies published between January 2000 and July 2023. The inclusion criteria were (1) MRI studies to assess hippocampal and parahippocampal regions in ALS patients, and (2) studies reporting neuropsychological data in patients with ALS...
February 2024: CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38315471/healthy-lifestyle-and-cognition-in-older-adults-with-common-neuropathologies-of-dementia
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Klodian Dhana, Puja Agarwal, Bryan D James, Sue E Leurgans, Kumar B Rajan, Neelum T Aggarwal, Lisa L Barnes, David A Bennett, Julie A Schneider
IMPORTANCE: A healthy lifestyle is associated with better cognitive functioning in older adults, but whether this association is independent of the accumulation of dementia-related pathologies in the brain is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of postmortem brain pathology, including β-amyloid load, phosphorylated tau tangles, cerebrovascular pathology, and other brain pathologies, in the association between lifestyle and cognition proximate to death...
February 5, 2024: JAMA Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38308907/long-term-outcome-of-treatment-na%C3%A3-ve-patients-with-mesial-temporal-lobe-epilepsy-with-hippocampal-sclerosis-a-retrospective-study-in-a-single-center
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Soomi Cho, Hye Jeong Lee, Sue Hyun Lee, Kyung Min Kim, Min Kyung Chu, Joonho Kim, Kyoung Heo
PURPOSE: This study aimed to describe long-term treatment outcomes of treatment-naïve patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS). METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of treatment-naïve patients with MTLE-HS who visited the Yonsei Epilepsy Clinic from April 2000 to April 2022 and were followed up for at least 2 years. Seizure freedom (SF) was defined as no seizures or auras only for >1 year, and complete SF was defined as no seizures including auras for >1 year...
January 27, 2024: Seizure: the Journal of the British Epilepsy Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38296755/the-relationship-between-first-presenting-neuropsychiatric-symptoms-in-older-adults-and-autopsy-confirmed-memory-disorders
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jacob S Shaw, Jeannie M Leoutsakos, Paul B Rosenberg
OBJECTIVES: Although dementia is typically considered a disease of cognitive decline, almost all patients present with neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) at some stage of their disease. Few studies have assessed the timing of NPS onset in relation to pathological diagnoses of neurodegenerative diseases. We sought to examine the association between the first presenting clinically significant NPS in aging individuals and neuropathological diagnoses of memory disorders. DESIGN: This retrospective longitudinal cohort study utilized the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) dataset, which includes participant data from 37 Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers collected between 2005 and 2022...
January 17, 2024: American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38291418/behavioral-variant-frontotemporal-dementia-associated-with-grn-and-erbb4-gene-mutations-a-case-report-and-literature-review
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Youde Cai, Zhongyong Peng, Qiansong He, Ping Sun
OBJECTIVE: To report the clinical manifestation and genetic characteristics of a patient having frontotemporal dementia (FTD) with abnormal behavior and unstable walking. METHODS: The clinical and imaging features of a patient who was eventually diagnosed with FTD were analyzed. The patient's neuropsychological, PET-CT, electromyography, and genetic data were collected. Furthermore, the patient's blood samples were examined for FTD-related genes. RESULTS: The patient was a 52-year-old man with hidden onset...
January 30, 2024: BMC Medical Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38286843/isolated-cognitive-impairment-in-people-with-multiple-sclerosis-frequency-mri-patterns-and-its-development-over-time
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Piet M Bouman, Maureen A van Dam, Laura E Jonkman, Martijn D Steenwijk, Menno M Schoonheim, Jeroen J G Geurts, Hanneke E Hulst
OBJECTIVES: To study the frequency of isolated (i.e., single-domain) cognitive impairments, domain specific MRI correlates, and its longitudinal development in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). METHODS: 348 PwMS (mean age 48 ± 11 years, 67% female, 244RR/52SP/38PP) underwent neuropsychological testing (extended BRB-N) at baseline and at five-year follow-up. At baseline, structural MRI was acquired. Isolated cognitive impairment was defined as a Z-score of at least 1...
January 30, 2024: Journal of Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38279908/low-prevalence-of-neural-autoantibodies-in-perioperative-cerebrospinal-fluid-samples-of-epilepsy-surgery-patients-a-multicenter-prospective-study
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hana Mojžišová, Martin Elišák, David Krýsl, Jitka Hanzalová, Adam Kalina, Marko Petržalka, Irena Doležalová, Matěj Červenka, Barbora Cvičková, Robert Leško, Jan Šroubek, Daniela Sochůrková, Jan Hemza, Eva Brichtová, Justina Dargvainiene, Zdeněk Vojtěch, Milan Brázdil, Klaus-Peter Wandinger, Frank Leypoldt, Petr Marusič
OBJECTIVE: Refractory epilepsy may have an underlying autoimmune etiology. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of neural autoantibodies in a multicenter national prospective cohort of patients with drug-resistant epilepsy undergoing epilepsy surgery utilizing comprehensive clinical, serologic, and histopathological analyses. METHODS: We prospectively recruited patients undergoing epilepsy surgery for refractory focal epilepsy not caused by a brain tumor from epilepsy surgery centers in the Czech Republic...
January 27, 2024: Epilepsia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38255309/early-post-natal-immune-activation-leads-to-object-memory-deficits-in-female-tsc2-mice-the-importance-of-including-both-sexes-in-neuroscience-research
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Manuel F López-Aranda, Karen Bach, Raymond Bui, Miranda Phan, Odilia Lu, Chirag Thadani, Alessandro Luchetti, Rochelle Mandanas, Isaiah Herrera, María Dolores López-Ávalos, Alcino J Silva
There is evidence that viral infections during pre-natal development constitute a risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders and lead to learning and memory deficits. However, little is known about why viral infections during early post-natal development have a different impact on learning and memory depending on the sex of the subject. We previously showed that early post-natal immune activation induces hippocampal-dependent social memory deficits in a male, but not in a female, mouse model of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC; Tsc2 +/- mice)...
January 17, 2024: Biomedicines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38235675/somatic-mosaicism-in-focal-epilepsies
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samuel Gooley, Piero Perucca, Caitlin Tubb, Michael S Hildebrand, Samuel F Berkovic
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Over the past decade, it has become clear that brain somatic mosaicism is an important contributor to many focal epilepsies. The number of cases and the range of underlying pathologies with somatic mosaicism are rapidly increasing. This growth in somatic variant discovery is revealing dysfunction in distinct molecular pathways in different focal epilepsies. RECENT FINDINGS: We briefly summarize the current diagnostic yield of pathogenic somatic variants across all types of focal epilepsy where somatic mosaicism has been implicated and outline the specific molecular pathways affected by these variants...
January 19, 2024: Current Opinion in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38223357/who-are-the-better-candidates-for-epilepsy-surgery
#36
REVIEW
Sang Kun Lee
The resective epilepsy surgery can be the effective procedure to get seizure-free outcome in these drug resistant epilepsy (DRE) patients. Class I evidence firmly establishes the superiority of epilepsy surgery over medical treatments in both seizure control and quality of life for DRE patients. For the effective identification of optimal surgical candidates, it's essential to understand the prognostic factors of epilepsy surgery based on the surgical methods employed. Established positive prognostic indicators for temporal resection include the presence of hippocampal sclerosis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), focal lesions on MRI, unilateral temporal spikes, concordant ictal electroencephalography (EEG), and a history of prolonged febrile convulsion...
December 2023: Journal of Epilepsy Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38220100/roflumilast-modulating-neuroinflammation-and-improving-motor-function-and-depressive-symptoms-in-multiple-sclerosis
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhaowei Wang, Yanxin Zhang, Jiaqing Chai, Yingying Wu, Weiying Zhang, Zhijun Zhang
BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease causing central nervous system demyelination, often associated with depression. Current treatments for MS do not effectively address both physical disability and depression. Roflumilast, a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties, has shown promise for autoimmune diseases. METHODS: We used an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rat model to study roflumilast's effects...
January 12, 2024: Journal of Affective Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38217527/clinical-and-pathologic-features-of-sturge-weber-syndrome-in-patients-with-refractory-epilepsy
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zejun Duan, Ke Xu, Mingguo Xie, Xiaolin Tian, Xiongfei Wang, Jing Feng, Yuguang Guan, Jian Zhou, Guoming Luan, Xueling Qi, Dehong Lu
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the clinicopathologic features of and genetic changes in Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) in patients with refractory epilepsy. METHODS: Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. H&E and immunohistochemistry were performed to assess pathologic changes. Targeted amplicon sequencing was applied to investigate the somatic GNAQ (c.548G>A) mutation. The potential predictors of seizure outcomes were estimated by univariate and multivariate statistical analyses...
January 13, 2024: American Journal of Clinical Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38203829/increased-dentate-gyrus-excitability-in-the-intrahippocampal-kainic-acid-mouse-model-for-temporal-lobe-epilepsy
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marijke Vergaelen, Simona Manzella, Kristl Vonck, Erine Craey, Jeroen Spanoghe, Mathieu Sprengers, Evelien Carrette, Wytse Jan Wadman, Jean Delbeke, Paul Boon, Lars Emil Larsen, Robrecht Raedt
The intrahippocampal kainic acid (IHKA) mouse model is an extensively used in vivo model to investigate the pathophysiology of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) and to develop novel therapies for drug-resistant epilepsy. It is characterized by profound hippocampal sclerosis and spontaneously occurring seizures with a major role for the injected damaged hippocampus, but little is known about the excitability of specific subregions. The purpose of this study was to electrophysiologically characterize the excitability of hippocampal subregions in the chronic phase of the induced epilepsy in the IHKA mouse model...
January 4, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38203674/concordance-between-the-in-vivo-content-of-neurospecific-proteins-bdnf-nse-vilip-1-s100b-in-the-hippocampus-and-blood-in-patients-with-epilepsy
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria A Tikhonova, Anna A Shvaikovskaya, Svetlana Y Zhanaeva, Galina I Moysak, Anna A Akopyan, Jamil A Rzaev, Konstantin V Danilenko, Lyubomir I Aftanas
The identification of reliable brain-specific biomarkers in periphery contributes to better understanding of normal neurophysiology and neuropsychiatric diseases. The neurospecific proteins BDNF, NSE, VILIP-1, and S100B play an important role in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders, including epilepsy. This study aimed to assess the correspondence of the expression of BDNF, NSE, VILIP-1, and S100B in the blood (serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)) to the in vivo hippocampal levels of subjects with drug-resistant epilepsy who underwent neurosurgery (N = 44) using multiplex solid-phase analysis, ELISA, and immunohistochemical methods, as well as to analyze the correlations and associations of the blood and hippocampal levels of these proteins with clinical parameters...
December 29, 2023: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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