Zygomaticomaxillary complex

A frontoorbitozygomaticomaxillary fracture, also known as a complex midface fracture or "quadripod fracture," is a type of facial fracture involving multiple midface region bones. This includes the frontal bone (forehead), orbitozygomatic complex (which includes the zygomatic bone or cheekbone and the orbital bones around the eye), and the maxillary bone (upper jaw). These complex midface fractures associated with temporoparietal bone fractures can occur in clinical practice. However, a single-piece fracture of these has not been reported before...

BACKGROUND: Limited research exists regarding the incidence and variations of zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fracture patterns and their correlation with the mechanism of injury. Hence, further research is indicated. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the different ZMC fracture patterns in relation to its etiology using computed tomography scans. STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SAMPLE: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single institution...

Zygomatic bone fractures should be effectively diagnosed and treated because they affect how the face is shaped for both aesthetically and functional reasons. It is possible to compare different surgical techniques and their comorbidities objectively through using outcome quantitative assessments, which call for a treatment programme and long-term follow-up. The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of two procedures and the effectiveness of the zygomatic bone following open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) employing two-point fixation and ORIF employing three-point fixation...

Zygoma is considered the main support of the midface. Zygoma is frequently fractured owing to its prominent site on the face. Treatment of zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures can be performed through either conservative or surgical measures (closed or open reduction). The study was a cross-sectional retrospective observational investigation done at 4 hospitals in Ramadi and Baghdad cities, Iraq. This investigation covered a duration of 6 years (2016-2021). We reviewed the medical records of patients with ZCFs...

We present a novel method for the online measurement of multi-point opening distances of midpalatal sutures during a rapid palatal expansion (RPE) using fiber optic Fabry-Perot (F-P) sensors. The sensor consists of an optical fiber with a cut flat end face and an optical reflector, which are implanted into the palatal base structure of an expander and is capable of measuring the precise distance between two optical reflective surfaces. As a demonstration, a 3D-printed skull model containing the maxilla and zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) was produced and a miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expander (MARPE) with two guide rods was used to generate the midpalatal suture expansion...

AIM: The present study was designed to investigate the difference in the effectiveness of a 3 day postoperative course and a single perioperative dose of antibiotics on the incidence of postoperative infection in the management of maxillofacial trauma patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: About 183 maxillofacial trauma patients requiring open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) under general anesthesia were divided based on the type of fracture sustained, i.e., mandibular fractures, Le Fort fractures, and zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures...

OBJECTIVES: Injuries associated with the use of electric scooters are a serious problem in modern society and traffic in relation to their increasing frequency of use. Although injuries involving all body parts are seen in such injuries, craniofacial ones are also very common. The aim of this study was to evaluate the craniofacial and other accompanying injuries in electric scooter-related accidents in Istanbul. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2020 and December 2022, patients with electric scooter-related trauma among the patients admitted to the emergency unit for trauma were evaluated retrospectively...

BACKGROUND: Many approaches have been suggested for management of zygomaticomaxillary fractures. Each approach has its own advantages and limitations. AIM OF THIS STUDY: The study is intended to compare between the subtarsal approach, conventional transconjuctival approach and the Y- modification of the transconjuctival approach in the management of zygomatico-maxillay complex fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four patients with age range of 20-50 years requiring open reduction and fixation of a fractured zygomatic complex were randomly divided into three equal groups...

INTRODUCTION: With little evidence available in the literature, this study tries to clinically determine the efficiency and outcomes of non-surgical management of post-traumatic Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and three patients with post-traumatic isolated ZMC fractures managed conservatively for various reasons were identified. The patients were classified based on the Zingg et al. criteria into Types A, B, and C...

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Lower eyelid malpositions following transconjunctival repair of the floor and the zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures are rarely observed. The case series includes three patients (mean age, 22 years; 3 males) who developed lower eyelid entropion following orbital fracture repair (two complexes, one isolated type) using titanium mesh ( n = 2) or iliac bone grafting ( n = 1) through the transconjunctival approach. Entropion repair was attempted with scar release and Jones procedure in one, and posterior lamellar lengthening with mucous membrane graft in two patients...

A sagittal fracture at the temporal root of the zygomatic arch (ZAR) often occurs as a component of zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures. However, this area is difficult to access, and anchorage is limited due to the unstable structure around it. Therefore, a preauricular approach using single-screw fixation is proposed, and this study reports its results and usefulness. Forty-four patients with sagittal fractures of ZAR occurring with ZMC fractures were evaluated from 2012 to 2021. Open reduction and internal fixation were performed on all patients with ZMC fractures...

Given the demands of a busy high-volume trauma center, trauma radiologists are expected to evaluate an enormous number of images covering a multitude of facial bones in a short period of time in severely traumatized patients. Therefore, a comprehensive checklist, search pattern, and practical approach become indispensable for evaluation. Moreover, fracture complex classification conveys abundant information in a succinct shorthand fashion, which can be a large asset in a busy high-volume trauma center: reliably helping clinicians communicate urgent findings, make early treatment decisions, and effectively plan surgical approaches...

PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the maxillary sinus volume (MSV), Chronic Sinusitis incidence, and asymmetry of the zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) following ZMC fracture surgery with various numbers of fixation points. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a prospective non-randomized cohort, 50 adults with unilateral ZMC fractures who treated by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) between November 2019 and October 2021 were assigned to accomplish this study...

Regarding the three distinct types of zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures, this study developed finite element models (FEMs) of absorbable material and titanium material for repair and fixation, respectively. By applying a force of 120N to the model to simulate the masseter muscle strength, the maximum stress and displacement of the repair materials and the fracture ends were measured. In discussing various models, the maximum stress values of absorbable and titanium materials are less than their yield strength, and the maximum displacement values of the titanium material and fracture end were less than 0...

Fixation is critical in zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures to avoid malunion; however, controversy exists as to how much hardware is required to achieve adequate stability. Current fixation regimens may not represent the minimum stabilization needed for uneventful healing. Craniomaxillofacial (CMF) computational models have shown limited load transmission through the infraorbital rim (IOR), and a previous experimental study of ZMC fractures has suggested that IOR plating does not alter CMF bone strain patterns...

Fractures of the pediatric midface are infrequent, particularly in children in the primary dentition, due to the prominence of the upper face relative to the midface and mandible. With downward and forward growth of the face, there is an increasing frequency of midface injuries seen in children in the mixed and adult dentitions. Midface fracture patterns seen in young children are quite variable; those in children at or near skeletal maturity mimic patterns seen in adults. Non-displaced injuries can typically be managed with observation...

INTRODUCTION: Reduction of zygomaticomaxillary (ZMC) fracture is often difficult to evaluate intraoperatively because of it peculiar anatomy and limited accessibility. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of use of C-arm as a tool for intraoperative monitoring of ZMC fracture reduction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Group I (C-Arm) and Group II (control group) comprised of patients with isolated unilateral displaced Zygomatic complex (ZMC) fractures and having orbital volume change...

INTRODUCTION: Contemporary incisions used to access the frontozygomatic (FZ) sutures are the lateral brow and upper blepharoplasty incisions which are associated with specific limitations and complications. The authors describe the use of sub-brow incision as an alternate approach for exposure of the FZ region. METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study involving patients requiring surgical management of zygomatico maxillary complex (ZMC) fractures with fixation at FZ suture alone or along with fixation at infra-orbital rim and/or zygomaticomaxillary buttress...

The majority of various types of temporomandibular joint dislocation can be easily reduced to normal position through nontraumatic procedures. We present a rare case of temporomandibular joint dislocation with a left old zygomaticomaxoid complex fracture in a 48-year-old hemiplegic male. Due to the lock-in state of dislocated coronoid process and deformed zygomaticomaxoid complex, this type of dislocation combined with an old fracture is rare and difficult to reduce with conservative therapy. Therefore, coronoidectomy was performed to release the lock and reduce the condylar...