d dimer for pulmonary embolism

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE: To develop a new scoring system, the "Lower extremity venous Doppler ultrasound scoring system" (LEVDUS), to predict the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) localization in patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). METHODS: This single-center retrospective study included 182 patients aged ≥ 18 years. We used scoring according to thrombosis localization and stage in Doppler US. Patients with PE were divided into three categories based on the pulmonary artery (PA) location on CT pulmonary angiography...

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the leading cause of in-hospital death and the third most frequent cause of cardiovascular death. The clinical presentation of PE is variable, and choosing the appropriate treatment for individual patients can be challenging. CASE SUMMARY: A 64-year-old man presented to hospital with acute chest pain, shortness of breath, and pulmonary oedema. Electrocardiogram revealed ST-elevation myocardial infarction. D-dimer was 18.8 mg/L fibrinogen equivalent units (FEU) (normal <0...

BACKGROUND There has been an increase in the use of inhalation methods to abuse drugs, including freebasing crack cocaine (alkaloid) and inhaling methamphetamine vapor. This report is of a 25-year-old man with a history of substance abuse presenting with pneumomediastinum due to methamphetamine vapor inhalation. Acute pneumomediastinum is an extremely rare complication of methamphetamine use. CASE REPORT A 25-year-old man was treated for polysubstance abuse following 9 days of methamphetamine abuse. EKG did not show any ST &amp;T change...

As there are no predictive models for pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with suspected PE at cardiology department. This study developed a predictive model for the probability of PE development in these patients. This retrospective analysis evaluated data from 995 patients with suspected PE at the cardiology department from January 2012 to December 2021. Patients were randomly divided into the training and validation cohorts (7:3 ratio). Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression, optimal predictive features were selected, and the model was established using multivariate logistic regression...

Behcet's disease (BD) is a chronic and inflammatory vasculitis characterized by recurrent oral and genital aphthous ulcers, uveitis, and skin lesions. Although there is a high rate of deep vein thrombosis in BD, pulmonary arterial thromboembolism (PTE) is a rare complication. We present a 30-year-old patient who was admitted with pleuritic chest pain, non-massive hemoptysis since 4 days ago and medical history of intermittent genial aphthous lesions, and skin lesions. During our evaluation, he had an S1Q3T3 pattern in the electrocardiogram, a high level of D-dimer, a low level of FDP and fibrinogen along with pulmonary emboli in lobar and segmental branches of the right pulmonary artery and segmental branches of left lower lobe pulmonary artery were detected in his pulmonary CT Angiography...

BACKGROUND: Prognostic value of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for pulmonary embolism (PE) has been reported in several retrospective studies. The purpose of this investigation was to perform a pooled analysis and external validation of predictive value of NLR. MATERIAL AND METHOD: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to November 5, 2022. A random effects model was used. Grade was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence. External validation was conducted in clinical cohorts before and after a propensity scoring matching (PSM)...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT) is a rare but life-threatening disease and its diagnosis remains challenging. Blood biomarkers, including D-Dimer are currently not recommended in guidelines. Soluble endothelial receptor proteins (sICAM-1, sPECAM-1 and sVCAM-1) have been shown to be promising diagnostic biomarkers in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Therefore, we examined endothelial receptor proteins as potential biomarkers for detecting CSVT...

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), represents a substantial healthcare challenge. Provoked and unprovoked DVT cases carry distinct risks and treatment considerations. Recognizing the limitations of this classification, molecular markers may enhance diagnostic precision and guide anticoagulation therapy duration relying on patient history and risk factors. This preliminary, open-label, prospective cohort study was conducted including 15 patients (10 provoked DVT and 5 unprovoked DVT) and a control group of healthy plasmatic subjects...

INTRODUCTION: D-dimer is a marker of coagulation and fibrinolysis widely used in clinical practice for assessing thrombotic activity. While it is commonly ordered in the Emergency Department (ED) for suspected venous thromboembolism (VTE), elevated D-dimer levels can occur due to various other disorders. The aim of this study was to find out the causes of elevated D-dimer in patients presenting to a large ED in Saudi Arabia and evaluate the accuracy of D-dimer in diagnosing these conditions...

BACKGROUND: Given the limited specificity of D-dimer, there is a perceived need to discover a more precise marker for diagnosing individuals who are suspected of having pulmonary embolism (PE). In this study, by evaluating the increase in the serum level of Apelin-13 and D-dimer, we found valuable findings about Apelin-13, which can be suggested as an auxiliary and non-invasive diagnostic biomarker in individuals with suspected PE, based on the obtained results. METHODS: In this case-control study, 52 Iranian individuals were included, all of whom were suspected to have PE...

BACKGROUND: Right-side heart mass can be found incidentally on routine transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Accurate diagnosis of cardiac mass often requires more than one imaging method. We present a mid-age woman with non-Hodgkin lymphoma who was found to have multiple right atrial masses mimicking metastases on routine TTE, which were finally diagnosed as thrombi by multimodal cardiac imaging. CASE PRESENTATION: A 52-year-old woman was diagnosed with primary mediastinal diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) almost six months prior...

INTRODUCTION: Thrombosis in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) was prevalent and has been neglected in Chinese patients. This study tried to describe the clinical characteristics, identify the risk factors, and investigate the causal relationship between AAV and venous thromboembolism (VTE) by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS: In this retrospective, observational study, we included all hospitalized AAV patients from Jan 2013 to Apr 2022 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital...

OBJECTIVE: This prospective cohort study aimed to assess the pulmonary embolism (PE) rate and clot burden in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 248 patients entered the study, and their clinical probability of PE was assessed using the Geneva score. Patients with high clinical probability underwent computed tomographic pulmonary angiography, while those with low or intermediate probability underwent a d-dimer test...

BACKGROUND: The 4-level clinical pretest probability score (4PEPS) was recently introduced as a clinical decision rule for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE). Based on the score, patients are classified into clinical pretest probability categories (c-PTP). The "very low" category aims at excluding PE without further testing; "low" and "moderate" categories require D-dimer testing with specific thresholds, while patients with a "high" pretest directly proceed to imaging. OBJECTIVES: To provide further external validation of the 4PEPS model...

AIM: To evaluate the utility of the systemic immune inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) in diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) in emergency medicine. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of patients who presented to the emergency department and underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography pulmonary angiography for suspected PE between January 1 and December 31, 2021. In 81/168 patients, the diagnosis of PE was confirmed and in 87/168 it was rejected...

D-dimers represent the breakdown products of fibrin. Thus, elevated plasma D-dimers will arise following a thrombotic event, such as a deep vein thrombosis or a pulmonary embolism, and therefore, a nonelevated D-dimer is used to effectively exclude such events. D-dimers are also elevated in a range of other conditions, for example, during disseminated intravascular coagulation. D-dimer levels may also be associated with prognostic value. For example, highly raised D-dimer levels can be associated with worsening clinical features in coronavirus disease 2019...

BACKGROUND: The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is increased postpartum and contributes to important morbidity and mortality. While there have been advances in evaluating diagnostic algorithms for suspected VTE during pregnancy, there is limited data for postpartum individuals. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a scoping review to describe and evaluate diagnostic strategies used to investigate suspected VTE in postpartum individuals. METHODS: A comprehensive search strategy was conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (January 1, 2000-September 30, 2022) to identify original articles that reported on diagnostic strategies in postpartum individuals with suspected VTE...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To investigate pulmonary thromboembolism (PE) in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AE-COPD) patients in plateau regions, we performed a prospective cohort study to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and clinical characteristics of PE in the cohort of hospitalized patients at high altitude. METHODS: We did a prospective study with a total of 636 AE-COPD patients in plateau regions. Demographic and clinical data, laboratory data, including ultrasound scans of the lower extremities and cardiac ultrasound, and computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) variables were obtained, and comparisons were made between groups with and without PE...

For the diagnosis of a lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT), venous duplex ultrasound is the method of first choice. If a qualified ultrasonography is not timely available, D-dimer testing, and limited ultrasound protocols (point-of-care ultrasound, POCUS) can contribute to therapeutic decision-making when clinical probability is low. A DOAC-based treatment regimen is preferable to a vitamin K antagonist for both acute therapy and secondary prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Treatment with DOACs is unproblematic up to a body weight (BW) of 120 kg or a body mass index (BMI) of 40 kg/m²...

In situ pulmonary artery thrombosis (ISPAT) is a relatively rare but potentially life-threatening complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in children. We report the case of a 12-year-old girl who presented with fever, chest pain, and dyspnea. Immune thrombocytopenia was identified due to purpura and menorrhagia 3 months before presentation with a lowest platelet count of 12 × 109 /L. The sudden onset of fever, chest pain, and dyspnea were misdiagnosed as hyperinflammatory responses caused by pneumonia; these symptoms ameliorated with glucocorticoid and antibiotic treatment...