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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eman Alazmi, Zahraa Akbar, Mariam Aldarweesh, Khalid Almuzayen, Eelaf Husain, Jehad Alharmi, Fatmah Alhadhoud
OBJECTIVES: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2 virus). This virus evolved into several variants, each with different severity. There are surges in the numbers of infected patients, commonly described as "waves". In Kuwait, three waves occurred. Our study describes and compares the clinical presentation and outcomes of critically ill pregnant patients infected with different variants. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study in two intensive care units (ICU) dedicated to patients with COVID-19...
April 20, 2024: Medical Principles and Practice: International Journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mia Moore, Yifan Zhu, Ian Hirsch, Tom White, Robert C Reiner, Ryan M Barber, David Pigott, James K Collins, Serena Santoni, Magdalena E Sobieszczyk, Holly Janes
While rapid development and roll out of COVID-19 vaccines is necessary in a pandemic, the process limits the ability of clinical trials to assess longer-term vaccine efficacy. We leveraged COVID-19 surveillance data in the U.S. to evaluate vaccine efficacy in U.S. Government-funded COVID-19 vaccine efficacy trials with a three-step estimation process. First, we used a compartmental epidemiological model informed by county-level surveillance data, a "population model", to estimate SARS-CoV-2 incidence among the unvaccinated...
April 15, 2024: Epidemics
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fiona Ingrao, Eva Ngabirano, Fabienne Rauw, Gwenaëlle Dauphin, Bénédicte Lambrecht
The application of recombinant herpesvirus of turkey, expressing the H9 hemagglutinin gene from low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV) H9N2 and the avian orthoavulavirus-1 (AOAV-1) (commonly known as Newcastle Disease virus (NDV)) fusion protein (F) as an rHVT-H9-F vaccine, is an alternative to currently used classical vaccines. This study investigated H9- and ND-specific humoral and mucosal responses, H9-specific cell-mediated immunity, and protection conferred by the rHVT-H9-F vaccine in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens...
April 18, 2024: Vaccine
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark Griffiths, Dunia Hatabah, Patrick Sullivan, Grace Mantus, Travis Sanchez, Maria Zlotorzynska, Stacy Heilman, Andres Camacho-Gonzalez, Deborah Leake, Rawan Korman, Mimi Le, Mehul Suthara, Jens Wrammert, Miriam B Vos, Claudia R Morris
OBJECTIVES: Determine SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody incidence over time in unvaccinated pediatric healthcare workers (pHCWs). DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal cohort of unvaccinated pHCWs measuring incidence of new infection after initial prevalence was established at 4.1% with seropositive predominance in emergency department (ED)-based pHCWs. Serum samples were collected at follow-up visits to detect new SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity. Univariate analysis was performed to estimate different incidence rates between participant demographics, job, employment location and community risk factors...
April 17, 2024: International Journal of Infectious Diseases: IJID
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jared R Zhang, John C Johnson, Richard G Preble, Muhammad Mujtaba, A Scott Lea, Heather L Stevenson, Michael Kueht
OBJECTIVE: Despite the widespread reduction in COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality attributed to vaccination in the general population, vaccine efficacy in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) remains under-characterized. This study aimed to investigate clinically relevant outcomes on double and triple-vaccinated versus unvaccinated SOTR with COVID-19. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: A retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study was performed utilizing data from the US Collaborative Network Database within TriNetX (n = 117,905,631)...
April 17, 2024: Transplant Immunology
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cornelius Deuschl, Lukas Goertz, Christoph Kabbasch, Martin Köhrmann, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Ansgar Berlis, Christoph Johannes Maurer, Iris Mühlen, Bernd Kallmünzer, Matthias Gawlitza, Daniel P O Kaiser, Joachim Klisch, Donald Lobsien, Daniel Behme, Maximilian Thormann, Fabian Flottmann, Laurens Winkelmeier, Elke Ruth Gizewski, Lukas Mayer-Suess, Markus Holtmannspoetter, Christoph Moenninghoff, Martin Schlunz-Hendann, Dominik Grieb, Christophe T Arendt, Ferdinand O Bohmann, Jens Altenbernd, Yan Li, Ulrich Sure, Ruben Mühl-Benninghaus, Thomas Rodt, Kai Kallenberg, Alexandru Durutya, Mohamed Elsharkawy, Christian-Paul Stracke, Mathias Gerhard Schumann, Alexander Bock, Omid Nikoubashman, Martin Wiesmann, Hans Henkes, Sebastian Dolff, Aydin Demircioglu, Michael Forsting, Hanna Styczen
BACKGROUND: Data on impact of COVID-19 vaccination and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 and acute ischemic stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy are scarce. Addressing this subject, we report our multicenter experience. METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a retrospective analysis of patients with COVID-19 and known vaccination status treated with mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke at 20 tertiary care centers between January 2020 and January 2023. Baseline demographics, angiographic outcome, and clinical outcome evaluated by the modified Rankin Scale score at discharge were noted...
April 19, 2024: Journal of the American Heart Association
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah E Attreed, Christina Silva, Monica Rodriguez-Calzada, Aishwarya Mogulothu, Sophia Abbott, Paul Azzinaro, Peter Canning, Lillian Skidmore, Jay Nelson, Nick Knudsen, Gisselle N Medina, Teresa de Los Santos, Fayna Díaz-San Segundo
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a vesicular disease of cloven-hoofed animals with devastating economic implications. The current FMD vaccine, routinely used in enzootic countries, requires at least 7 days to induce protection. However, FMD vaccination is typically not recommended for use in non-enzootic areas, underscoring the need to develop new fast-acting therapies for FMD control during outbreaks. Interferons (IFNs) are among the immune system's first line of defense against viral infections. Bovine type III IFN delivered by a replication defective adenovirus (Ad) vector has effectively blocked FMD in cattle...
2024: Frontiers in Microbiology
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Isabelle Sanders, Philip Stather, Wissam Al-Jundi
Introduction Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) plays a vital role in viral-induced hypercoagulability through the initiation of a cytokine storm. This mechanism has been found to predispose unvaccinated patients to systemic complications including arterial thrombosis (AT) with poor 30-day amputation-free survival rates. There remains, however, little understanding regarding the incidence in patients who have received a COVID-19 vaccination. This study aims to assess the incidence, management and outcomes of vaccinated patients with COVID-19 who develop thrombotic complications to reduce amputation and direct mortality...
March 2024: Curēus
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Søren Saxmose Nielsen, Julio Alvarez, Dominique Joseph Bicout, Paolo Calistri, Elisabetta Canali, Julian Ashley Drewe, Bruno Garin-Bastuji, Christian Gortázar, Mette S Herskin, Virginie Michel, Miguel Ángel Miranda Chueca, Barbara Padalino, Helen Clare Roberts, Hans Spoolder, Karl Stahl, Antonio Velarde, Arvo Viltrop, Christoph Winckler, Alessio Bortolami, Claire Guinat, Timm Harder, Arjan Stegeman, Calogero Terregino, Barbara Lanfranchi, Ludovica Preite, Inma Aznar, Alessandro Broglia, Francesca Baldinelli, Jose Luis Gonzales Rojas
Selecting appropriate diagnostic methods that take account of the type of vaccine used is important when implementing a vaccination programme against highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). If vaccination is effective, a decreased viral load is expected in the samples used for diagnosis, making molecular methods with high sensitivity the best choice. Although serological methods can be reasonably sensitive, they may produce results that are difficult to interpret. In addition to routine molecular monitoring, it is recommended to conduct viral isolation, genetic sequencing and phenotypic characterisation of any HPAI virus detected in vaccinated flocks to detect escape mutants early...
April 2024: EFSA journal
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saina Beitari, Shana Yi, Shawn Sharma, Rossitta Yung, Brian Conway
The COVID-19 pandemic is having a profound impact on the health, social and economic well-being of people in Canada and around the world. To address vaccine disparity among vulnerable populations facing social-structural challenges, it is crucial to provide evidence-based information on the importance of completion of the recommended vaccination schedule. In this study, we investigated vaccination rates and variables as facilitators or barriers to COVID-19 vaccination among vulnerable populations living in Vancouver's inner-city residents...
April 17, 2024: Vaccine
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zainab Khalid, Javed Muhammad, Hina Ali, Muhammad Suleman Rana, Muhammad Usman, Muhammad Masroor Alam, Riaz Ullah, Arif Ullah, Massab Umair, Ashfaq Ahmad, Muhammad Salman, Aamer Ikram, Amjad Khan, Ahmed Bari
BACKGROUND: Measles has been a significant public health concern in Pakistan, especially in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province, where sporadic and silent epidemics continue to challenge existing control measures. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and investigate the molecular epidemiology of the measles virus (MeV) in KPK and explore the vaccination status among the suspected individuals. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and October 2021...
March 29, 2024: Journal of Infection and Public Health
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fariha Binte Hossain, Sanjay Jayasinghe, Katrina Blazek, Wen-Qiang He, Bette Liu
BACKGROUND: While the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) has demonstrated its role in preventing severe pneumococcal disease, its impact on more non-specific conditions like acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of PPV23 in prevention of presentations for ARI and LRTI and related antibiotic prescriptions among older adults in primary care. METHODS: Using a nationwide general practice dataset, we followed a cohort of regularly attending patients aged ≥65 years from 1 January 2014 until 31 December 2018 for presentations for ARI, LRTI, and related antibiotic prescriptions...
2024: PloS One
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura D Zambrano, Margaret M Newhams, Regina M Simeone, Amanda B Payne, Michael Wu, Amber O Orzel-Lockwood, Natasha B Halasa, Jemima M Calixte, Pia S Pannaraj, Kanokporn Mongkolrattanothai, Julie A Boom, Leila C Sahni, Satoshi Kamidani, Kathleen Chiotos, Melissa A Cameron, Aline B Maddux, Katherine Irby, Jennifer E Schuster, Elizabeth H Mack, Austin Biggs, Bria M Coates, Kelly N Michelson, Katherine E Bline, Ryan A Nofziger, Hillary Crandall, Charlotte V Hobbs, Shira J Gertz, Sabrina M Heidemann, Tamara T Bradford, Tracie C Walker, Stephanie P Schwartz, Mary Allen Staat, Samina S Bhumbra, Janet R Hume, Michele Kong, Melissa S Stockwell, Thomas J Connors, Melissa L Cullimore, Heidi R Flori, Emily R Levy, Natalie Z Cvijanovich, Matt S Zinter, Mia Maamari, Cindy Bowens, Danielle M Zerr, Judith A Guzman-Cottrill, Ivan Gonzalez, Angela P Campbell, Adrienne G Randolph
Pediatric COVID-19 vaccination is effective in preventing COVID-19-related hospitalization, but duration of protection of the original monovalent vaccine during SARS-CoV-2 Omicron predominance merits evaluation, particularly given low coverage with updated COVID-19 vaccines. During December 19, 2021-October 29, 2023, the Overcoming COVID-19 Network evaluated vaccine effectiveness (VE) of ≥2 original monovalent COVID-19 mRNA vaccine doses against COVID-19-related hospitalization and critical illness among U...
April 18, 2024: MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Semiha Solak-Grassie, Ferhat Baş, Egemen Ünal
OBJECTIVE: Many healthcare workers (HCWs) hesitated or refused to receive the COVID-19 vaccines during the pandemic. The attitudes of HCWs toward vaccines have an impact on society and patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate the reasons for vaccine hesitancy and refusal among HCWs during the COVID pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We planned a two-step descriptive survey study. In the first step, we surveyed the unvaccinated HCWs in our hospital face-to-face after the first vaccination program...
September 2023: Infect Dis Clin Microbiol
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohamed A Lebdah, Alaa Abdallah, Esraa E Hamouda, Nora M Elseddawy, Reham M ElBakrey
BACKGROUND: Despite the strict preventive immunization used in Egypt, Newcastle disease remained a prospective risk to the commercial and backyard chicken industries. The severe economic losses caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) highlight the importance of the trials for the improvement and development of vaccines and vaccination programs. AIM: In the present study, we evaluated the effectiveness of two vaccination schemes for protection against the velogenic NDV (vNDV) challenge...
January 2024: Open Veterinary Journal
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amal A M Eid, Ali M Mahmoud, Esraa E Hamouda, Mohamed Metwally, Rasha M M Ezz-Eldin, Reham M ElBakrey
BACKGROUND: Being a ubiquitous, highly contagious virus with a continuous mutation and a large number of evolutions worldwide, the infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) continues to wreak problems among Egyptian chickens and generate economic losses. The commonly applied IBV vaccination protocols in broilers include alternatives to classic and/or variant attenuated live virus vaccines. AIM: The current study targeted to assess the protective efficacy of concurrent and successive Ma5 and 4/91 vaccine strain regimens against the field variant II IBV strain (IBV-EGY-ZU/Ck-127/2021) in chickens...
January 2024: Open Veterinary Journal
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Özge Kaya, Zeynep Keskinkaya, Selda Işık Mermutlu, Sevilay Oğuz Kılıç, Haile Çakır
OBJECTIVE: Psoriasis patients may have been affected by COVID-19 differently than the normal population due to using different types of treatments, including immunosuppressive agents and biological therapies, the probability of lower effectiveness, and different side effects of the vaccines. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiologic and clinical features of COVID-19 and the effect of the psoriasis treatment on it. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Psoriasis patients followed up in our clinic between March 2020 and July 2022 were evaluated in terms of clinicodemographic characteristics, treatment methods, and COVID-19 vaccination status and compared regarding COVID-19 history...
June 2023: Infect Dis Clin Microbiol
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mustafa Güldan, Sena Tuğana Ateş, Sebile Sarıoğlu, Sarp Suyabatmaz, Pelin İrkören, Süda Tekin, Mahir Kapmaz, Şiran Keske, Önder Ergönül
OBJECTIVE: The Turkish Ministry of Health offered two types of vaccines by January 13, 2021, which are CoronaVac (Sinovac Biotech, China) and Pfizer-BioNTech. We aimed to describe the impact of the CoronaVac and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines on clinical outcomes among hospitalized patients during a six-month period. METHODS: We included patients older than 18 years old and hospitalized because of COVID-19 when the vaccines were available. We conducted the study at Koç University Hospital and American Hospital between June 2021, six months after the vaccination started, and December 2021...
June 2023: Infect Dis Clin Microbiol
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Cheng, Yun Xu, Haibo Jiang, Jun Li, Zhigang Hou, Haibin Meng, Wei Wang, Chengliang Chai, Jianmin Jiang
BACKGROUND: Limited studies have explored the impact of the Omicron variant on SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization, and associated factors among people living with HIV, particularly in China. The adjustment of preventive policies since December 2022 in China presents an opportunity to evaluate the real-world factors influencing SARS-CoV-2 infection and related hospitalization among people living with HIV. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization rates, and associated factors among people living with HIV following the adjustment of preventive policies from December 2022 to February 2023 in southeastern China...
April 17, 2024: JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura C Lozano Calderón, Gustavo S Cabanne, Andrea Marcos, Sabrina Galdo Novo, Carolina Torres, Andrés M Perez, Oliver G Pybus, Guido A König
Foot-and-mouth disease is a highly contagious disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals, resulting in considerable economic losses. Its causal agent is foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), a picornavirus. Due to its error-prone replication and rapid evolution, the transmission and evolutionary dynamics of FMDV can be studied using genomic epidemiological approaches. To analyze FMDV evolution and identify possible transmission routes in an Argentinean region, field samples that tested positive for FMDV by PCR were obtained from 21 farms located in the Mar Chiquita district...
April 17, 2024: Archives of Virology
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