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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alyssa T Pyke, Peter Burtonclay, Nirdesh Poudel, Wayne Ingall, Neelima Nair, Sonja Hall-Mendelin, Scott B Craig, Craig Smith, Wei Wang, Jonathan M Darbro, Cassie C Jansen, Andrew F van den Hurk
Introduction: Widespread transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) genotype four (GIV) occurred across mainland Australia in 2022. This resulted in forty-five human cases, including seven deaths, and the identification of JEV infection in over 80 commercial piggeries. Materials and Methods: We collected mosquitoes which were trapped using CO2 -baited light traps deployed near piggeries reporting disease or in regions linked to human cases in the Wide Bay region in the state of Queensland. Mosquitoes from four traps yielded JEV RNA by real-time RT-PCR...
April 15, 2024: Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mason Fidino, Heather A Sander, Jesse S Lewis, Elizabeth W Lehrer, Kimberly Rivera, Maureen H Murray, Henry C Adams, Anna Kase, Andrea Flores, Theodore Stankowich, Christopher J Schell, Carmen M Salsbury, Adam T Rohnke, Mark J Jordan, Austin M Green, Ashley R Gramza, Amanda J Zellmer, Jacque Williamson, Thilina D Surasinghe, Hunter Storm, Kimberly L Sparks, Travis J Ryan, Katie R Remine, Mary E Pendergast, Kayleigh Mullen, Darren E Minier, Christopher R Middaugh, Amy L Mertl, Maureen R McClung, Robert A Long, Rachel N Larson, Michel T Kohl, Lavendar R Harris, Courtney T Hall, Jeffrey D Haight, David Drake, Alyssa M Davidge, Ann O Cheek, Christopher P Bloch, Elizabeth G Biro, Whitney J B Anthonysamy, Julia L Angstmann, Maximilian L Allen, Solny A Adalsteinsson, Anne G Short Gianotti, Jalene M LaMontagne, Tiziana A Gelmi-Candusso, Seth B Magle
While there is increasing recognition that social processes in cities like gentrification have ecological consequences, we lack nuanced understanding of the ways gentrification affects urban biodiversity. We analyzed a large camera trap dataset of mammals (>500 g) to evaluate how gentrification impacts species richness and community composition across 23 US cities. After controlling for the negative effect of impervious cover, gentrified parts of cities had the highest mammal species richness. Change in community composition was associated with gentrification in a few cities, which were mostly located along the West Coast...
April 23, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#3
EDITORIAL
Coral Gartner, Wayne D Hall
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 15, 2024: PLoS Medicine
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julia Martin, Julieta L De Battista, Nicolás A Maugeri, Maximiliano Azcona
Introducción: Esta investigación parte de algunos obstáculos en la implementación de la Ley Nacional de Salud Mental, especialmente en el primer nivel de atención y en lo relativo al manejo de urgencias, con o sin riesgo cierto e inminente. La escasez de protocolos de intervención en salud mental y la percepción de que podrían limitar la lectura singular de cada situación crítica son desafíos identificados en la práctica. No obstante, los protocolos pueden ser herramientas organizativas valoradas en circunstancias complejas...
April 10, 2024: Vertex: Revista Argentina de Psiquiatriá
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ting Wang, Xuechao Yu
Valleytronics, identified as electronic properties of the energy band extrema in momentum space, has been intensively revived following the emergence of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) as their valley information can be controlled and probed through the spin angular momentum of light. Previous optical investigations of valleytronics have been limited to the visible/near-infrared spectral regime through which the carriers of most TMDCs can be excited. Monolayer 1T'-WTe2 with broken time-reversal symmetry provides a fertile platform to study the long-wavelength photonic properties in different valleys...
April 15, 2024: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhiqi Chen, Runhan Li, Yingxi Bai, Ning Mao, Mahmoud Zeer, Dongwook Go, Ying Dai, Baibiao Huang, Yuriy Mokrousov, Chengwang Niu
Recent advances in the manipulation of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) within the paradigm of orbitronics presents a promising avenue for the design of future electronic devices. In this context, the recently observed orbital Hall effect (OHE) occupies a special place. Here, focusing on both the second-order topological and quantum anomalous Hall insulators in two-dimensional ferromagnets, we demonstrate that topological phase transitions present an efficient and straightforward way to engineer the OHE, where the OAM distribution can be controlled by the nature of the band inversion...
April 15, 2024: Nano Letters
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Freya Johnson, Frederic Rendell-Bhatti, Bryan D Esser, Aisling Hussey, David W McComb, Jan Zemen, David Boldrin, Lesley Cohen
Antiferromagnets hosting structural or magnetic order that breaks time reversal symmetry are of increasing interest for "beyond von Neumann" computing applications because the topology of their band structure allows for intrinsic physical properties, exploitable in integrated memory and logic function. One such group are the non-collinear antiferromagnets. Essential for domain manipulation is the existence of small net moments found routinely when the material is synthesised in thin film form and attributed to symmetry-breaking caused by spin canting, either from the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction or from strain...
April 15, 2024: Advanced Materials
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saransha Mohanty, Pritam Deb
Single-layer half-metal magnets offer exciting scope in spin electronic quantum applications owing to improved spin transport, reduced interfacial resistance and streamlined device fabrication. Herein, we report the emergence of sign-flipping intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity (AHC) as a result of changes in Berry curvature under an external electric field and half metallicity in a lateral heterostructure composed of centrosymmetric metallic monolayers 1T-NbSe2 and 1T-VSe2 . The metallic monolayers 1T-NbSe2 and 1T-VSe2 laterally interfaced along the zigzag orientation break inversion symmetry at the interface and result in distinctive Berry curvature features...
April 15, 2024: Nanoscale
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kang Jia, Xiao-Jing Dong, Sheng-Shi Li, Wei-Xiao Ji, Chang-Wen Zhang
It is both conceptually and practically fascinating to explore fundamental research studies and practical applications of two-dimensional systems with the tunable abundant valley Hall effect. In this work, based on first-principles calculations, the tunable abundant valley Hall effect is proved to appear in Janus monolayer VCGeN4 . When the magnetization is along the out-of-plane direction, VCGeN4 is an intrinsic ferromagnetic semiconductor with a valley feature. The intriguing spontaneous valley polarization exists in VCGeN4 due to the common influence of broken inversion and time-reversal symmetries, which makes it easier to realize the anomalous valley Hall effect...
April 15, 2024: Nanoscale
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brandon Del Pozo, Peter Moskos, John K Donohue, John Hall
Ciacci & Sviatschi's (2021) 'The Effect of Adult Entertainment Establishments on Sex Crime: Evidence from New York City,' published in The Economic Journal , concluded that opening new adult entertainment businesses reduces sex crimes, with the most compelling finding that '[strip clubs, gentleman's clubs, and escort services] decrease sex crime by 13% per police precinct one week after the opening.' We contend that the study's conclusions speak beyond the data, which cannot support these findings because they do not measure the necessary variables...
2024: Police Practice & Research: An International Journal
#11
REVIEW
Dina Ioffe, Michelle McSweeny, Michael J Hall
The recognized importance of microsatellite instability (MSI) in cancer has evolved considerably in the past 30 years. From its beginnings as a molecular predictor for Lynch syndrome, MSI first transitioned to a universal screening test in all colorectal and endometrial cancers, substantially increasing the identification of patients with Lynch syndrome among cancer patients. More recently, MSI has been shown to be a powerful biomarker of response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy across a diversity of tumor types, and in 2017 was granted Food and Drug Administration approval as the first tumor histology-agnostic biomarker for a cancer therapy...
May 2024: Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yianni Bakaes, SarahRose Hall, J Benjamin Jackson, A Holly Johnson, Oliver N Schipper, Ettore Vulcano, Jonathan R M Kaplan, Tyler A Gonzalez
BACKGROUND: Percutaneous Zadek osteotomy (ZO) has emerged as a surgical treatment of insertional Achilles tendinopathy (IAT) over the last decade. Existing literature is limited regarding the comparison of this approach with the more established, open ZO technique. This systematic review aims to evaluate and compare the current data on open vs percutaneous ZO approaches to help set evidence-based guidelines. METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using the keywords (Zadek osteotomy) OR (Keck and Kelly osteotomy) OR (dorsal closing wedge calcaneal osteotomy) OR (Haglund Deformity) OR (Haglund Syndrome) OR (Insertional Achilles Tendinopathy) and MeSH terms Osteotomy , Calcaneus , Syndrome , Insertional , Achilles tendon , and Tendinopathy ...
April 2024: Foot & ankle orthopaedics
#13
Michael Millett, Anika Heuberger, Elisabeth Martin Castosa, Allison Comite, Preston Wagner, Dominic Hall, Ignacio Gallardo, Nicole E Chambers, Lloyd Wagner, Mark S Moehle
The heterotrimeric G-protein α subunit, Gα olf , acts to transduce extracellular signals through G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and stimulates adenylyl cyclase mediated production of the second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Numerous mutations in the GNAL gene, which encodes Gα olf , have been identified as causative for an adult-onset dystonia. These mutations disrupt GPCR signaling cascades in in vitro assays through several mechanisms, and this disrupted signaling is hypothesized to lead to dystonic motor symptoms in patients...
April 5, 2024: bioRxiv
#14
Natalie J Kingston, Joseph S Snowden, Keith Grehan, Philippa K Hall, Eero V Hietanen, Tim C Passchier, Stephen J Polyak, David J Filman, James M Hogle, David J Rowlands, Nicola J Stonehouse
Molecular details of genome packaging are little understood for the majority of viruses. In enteroviruses (EVs), cleavage of the structural protein VP0 into VP4 and VP2 is initiated by the incorporation of RNA into the assembling virion and is essential for infectivity. We have applied a combination of bioinformatic, molecular and structural approaches to generate the first high-resolution structure of an intermediate in the assembly pathway, termed a provirion, which contains RNA and intact VP0. We have demonstrated an essential role of VP0 E096 in VP0 cleavage independent of RNA encapsidation and generated a new model of capsid maturation, supported by bioinformatic analysis...
April 6, 2024: bioRxiv
#15
David R Hall, Rebecca M Johnson, Hyeogsun Kwon, Zannatul Ferdous, S Viridiana Laredo-Tiscareño, Bradley J Blitvich, Doug E Brackney, Ryan C Smith
Mosquito-borne viruses cause more than 400 million annual infections and place over half of the world's population at risk. Despite this importance, the mechanisms by which arboviruses infect the mosquito host and disseminate to tissues required for transmission are not well understood. Here, we provide evidence that mosquito immune cells, known as hemocytes, play an integral role in the dissemination of dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) in the mosquito Aedes aegypti . We establish that phagocytic hemocytes are a focal point for virus infection and demonstrate that these immune cell populations facilitate virus dissemination to the ovaries and salivary glands...
April 4, 2024: bioRxiv
#16
REVIEW
Tobias Sydendal Grand, Shijie Ren, James Hall, Daniel Oudin Åström, Stephane Regnier, Praveen Thokala
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are significant challenges when obtaining clinical and economic evidence for health technology assessments of rare diseases. Many of them have been highlighted in previous systematic reviews but they have not been summarised in a comprehensive manner. For all stakeholders working with rare diseases, it is important to be aware and understand these issues. The objective of this review is to identify the main challenges for the economic evaluation of orphan drugs in rare diseases...
April 14, 2024: PharmacoEconomics
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Man Yang, Liang Sun, Yulun Zeng, Jun Cheng, Kang He, Xi Yang, Ziqiang Wang, Longqian Yu, Heng Niu, Tongzhou Ji, Gong Chen, Bingfeng Miao, Xiangrong Wang, Haifeng Ding
Yttrium iron garnet, a material possessing ultralow magnetic damping and extraordinarily long magnon diffusion length, is the most widely studied magnetic insulator in spintronics and magnonics. Field-free electrical control of perpendicular yttrium iron garnet magnetization with considerable efficiency is highly desired for excellent device performance. Here, we demonstrate such an accomplishment with a collinear spin current, whose spin polarization and propagation direction are both perpendicular to the interface...
April 13, 2024: Nature Communications
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suzette Cooke, Sarah Hall, Julie Fisher, Michelle Bailey
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a new model, Case Analysis and Translation to Care in Hospital (CATCH), for the review of pediatric inpatient cases when an adverse event or "close call" had occurred. STUDY DESIGN: The curricular intervention consisted of an introductory podcast/workshop, mentorship of presenters, and monthly CATCH rounds over sixteen months. The study was conducted with 22 pediatricians at a single tertiary care center. Intervention assessment occurred using participant surveys at multiple intervals: pre/post the intervention, presenter experience (post), physicians-involved and mentors experience (post), and after each CATCH session...
April 11, 2024: Journal of Pediatrics
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kiana M Schulze, Andrew G Horn, Judy M Muller-Delp, Zachary J White, Stephanie E Hall, Steven L Medarev, Ramona E Weber, David C Poole, Timothy I Musch, Bradley J Behnke
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a chronic, progressive condition in which respiratory muscle dysfunction is a primary contributor to exercise intolerance and dyspnea in patients. Contractile function, blood flow distribution, and the hyperemic response are altered in the diaphragm with PH, and we sought to determine whether this may be attributed, in part, to impaired vasoreactivity of the resistance vasculature. We hypothesized that there would be blunted endothelium-dependent vasodilation and impaired myogenic responsiveness in arterioles from the diaphragm of PH rats...
April 11, 2024: Microvascular Research
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jia Yu, Yekaterina Khamzina, Jason Kennedy, Nathan L Liang, Daniel E Hall, Shipra Arya, Edith Tzeng, Katherine M Reitz
BACKGROUND: Endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) is a less invasive method than the more physiologically stressful open surgical repair (OSR) for patients with anatomically appropriate abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Early postoperative outcomes are associated with both patients' physiologic reserve and the physiologic stresses of the surgical intervention. Among frail patients with reduced physiologic reserve, the stress of an aortic rupture in combination with the stress of an operative repair are less well tolerated, raising the risk of complications and mortality...
April 11, 2024: Journal of Vascular Surgery
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