methamphetamine/treatment

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Methamphetamine (METH) use disorder has risen dramatically over the past decade, and there are currently no FDA-approved medications due, in part, to gaps in our understanding of the pharmacological mechanisms related to METH action in the brain. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Here, we investigated whether transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) mediates each of several METH abuse-related behaviours in rodents: self-administration, drug-primed reinstatement, acquisition of conditioned place preference, and hyperlocomotion...

Neonatal brain inflammation produced by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) results in long-lasting brain dopaminergic injury and motor disturbances in adult rats. The goal of the present work is to investigate the effect of neonatal systemic LPS exposure (1 or 2 mg/kg, i.p. injection in postnatal day 5, P5, male rats)-induced dopaminergic injury to examine methamphetamine (METH)-induced behavioral sensitization as an indicator of drug addiction. On P70, subjects underwent a treatment schedule of 5 once daily subcutaneous (s...

INTRODUCTION: Repeated exposure to methamphetamine (MA) in laboratory rodents induces a sensitization of glutamate release within the corticoaccumbens pathway that drives both the rewarding and reinforcing properties of this highly addictive drug. Such findings argue the potential for pharmaceutical agents inhibiting glutamate release or its postsynaptic actions at glutamate receptors as treatment strategies for MA use disorder. One compound that may accomplish both of these pharmacological actions is the N -acetylated-alpha-linked-acidic dipeptidase (NAALADase) inhibitor 2-(phosphonomethyl)pentanedioic acid (2-PMPA)...

The 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has long been used non-medically, and it is currently under investigation for its potential therapeutic benefits. Both uses may be related to its ability to enhance empathy, sociability, emotional processing and its anxiolytic effects. However, the neural mechanisms underlying these effects, and their specificity to MDMA compared to other stimulants, are not yet fully understood. Here, using electroencephalography (EEG), we investigated the effects of MDMA and a prototypic stimulant, methamphetamine (MA), on early visual processing of socio-emotional stimuli in an oddball emotional faces paradigm...

BACKGROUND: The orexin system has been implicated as a mechanism underlying insomnia and methamphetamine-induced sleep disruptions, with a potential role for OX2 receptors in the sleep-modulating effects of orexin. The aim of the present study was to investigate the extent to which orexin receptors mediate the effects of acute methamphetamine administration on actigraphy-based sleep in female rhesus monkeys. METHODS: Actigraphy-based sleep measures were obtained in female rhesus monkeys (n=5) under baseline and acute test conditions...

Individuals with methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) often experience anxiety and depressive symptoms during abstinence, which can worsen the likelihood of relapse. Thus, it is essential to understand the neuro-mechanism behind methamphetamine use and its associated emotional withdrawal symptoms in order to develop effective clinical strategies. This study aimed to evaluate associations between emotional withdrawal symptoms and structural covariance networks (SCNs) based on cortical thickness (CTh) across the brain...

INTRODUCTION: The opioid crisis continues to evolve with increasing opioid-related overdose deaths among under-represented minorities. A better understanding of substance use differences in the route of administration for people using heroin and other opioids can lead to targeted strategies and interventions. METHODS: Using the 2015-2019 Treatment Episode Data Set - Admissions (TEDS-A), a multinomial logistic regression model examined the relationship between race/ethnicity and secondary substance use with route of administration in a subset of 591,078 admissions...

Drug addiction represents a multifaceted and recurrent brain disorder that possesses the capability to create persistent and ineradicable pathological memory. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has shown a therapeutic potential for neuropsychological disorders, while the precise stimulation targets and therapeutic parameters for addiction remain deficient. Among the crucial brain regions implicated in drug addiction, the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) has been found to exert an essential role in the manifestation of addiction memory...

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to conduct an assessment of parents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward methamphetamine "shabu" abuse among youth and its risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on a sample of 1179 parents. Parents were assured that questionnaire content would stay classified and was given anonymously. It had 20 demographic, drug use, and addiction treatment questions. Statistical Package for Social Sciences v...

This study aimed to assess whether brief recall of methamphetamine (MA) memory, when combined with ketamine (KE) treatment, may prevent stress-primed MA memory reinstatement. Combining 3-min recall and KE facilitated MA memory extinction and resistance to subsequent stress-primed reinstatement. Such combination also produced glutamate metabotropic receptor 5 (mGluR5) upregulation in animals' medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA) neuron. Accordingly, chemogenetic methods were employed to bi-directionally modulate mPFC GABA activity...

BACKGROUND: Understanding current substance use practices is critical to reduce and prevent overdose deaths among individuals at increased risk including persons who use and inject drugs. Because individuals participating in harm reduction and syringe service programs are actively using drugs and vary in treatment participation, information on their current drug use and preferred drugs provides a unique window into the drug use ecology of communities that can inform future intervention services and treatment provision...

Epidemiological studies report an elevated risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that is mitigated in those prescribed dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. With an objective to characterize clinically translatable doses of DPP-4 inhibitors (gliptins) in a well-characterized PD rodent model, sitagliptin, PF-00734,200 or vehicle were orally administered to rats initiated either 7-days before or 7-days after unilateral medial forebrain bundle 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioning...

BACKGROUND: In recent years, stimulant use has increased among persons who use opioids in the rural U.S., leading to high rates of overdose and death. We sought to understand motivations and contexts for stimulant use among persons who use opioids in a large, geographically diverse sample of persons who use drugs (PWUD) in the rural settings. METHODS: We conducted semi-structured individual interviews with PWUD at 8 U.S. sites spanning 10 states and 65 counties...

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a connective tissue disease that affects arteries, causing necrotizing inflammation that can weaken the arterial walls, dilatation into aneurysms, and rupture in some cases. We present a case of a male with acute abdomen from aneurysmal rupture. The 48-year-old patient with a history of polysubstance use including cocaine and methamphetamines was admitted for acute hypoxic respiratory failure secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia and treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics and steroids...

BACKGROUND: Treatment of refractory bipolar disorder (BD) is extremely challenging. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) holds promise as an effective treatment intervention. However, we still understand very little about the mechanisms of DBS and its application on BD. AIM: The present study aimed to investigate the behavioural and neurochemical effects of ventral tegmental area (VTA) DBS in an animal model of mania induced by methamphetamine (m-amph). METHODS: Wistar rats were given 14 days of m-amph injections, and on the last day, animals were submitted to 20 min of VTA DBS in two different patterns: intermittent low-frequency stimulation (LFS) or continuous high-frequency stimulation (HFS)...

INTRODUCTION: Families affected by another's substance use, including methamphetamine, experience harms to their mental and physical health. Yet, research has paid little attention to support and service needs of this population. This pilot study examines the feasibility and outcomes of SMART Family and Friends, a video-conference-delivered mutual-support group targeting families affected by another's methamphetamine use. METHODS: Recruitment for this study occurred between March-October 2021 via the SMART Recovery Australia website...

BACKGROUND: Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) is becoming more of a public health issue in Georgia State, with health and social effects affecting both people and communities. This study aimed to investigate attributes that may affect the accessibility of treatment among the methamphetamine-use population in the state of Georgia. METHODS: We utilized the Treatment Episode Data Set - Discharges (TEDS-D) for 2016-2020 in Georgia, comprising participants with MUD (175,270)...

Methamphetamine (MA) is a highly addictive mental stimulant, and MA abuse remains a significant public health problem worldwide, while effective treatment options are limited. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP), a major effective component extracted from Lycium barbarum, has potential health-promoting effects on the nervous system; however, its role in MA dependence remains unclear. In this study, the conditioned place preference (CPP) of MA addiction in adult male mice was established to detect changes in gut microbiota profiles after LBP treatment through 16S rRNA gene sequencing...

INTRODUCTION: While morbidity and mortality related to synthetic opioids such as illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF) are monitored in the U.S., there has been a lack of national survey data focusing on use. Survey data are important as self-report can help estimate prevalence of use among living persons. METHODS: Data were examined from the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, a nationally representative probability sample of noninstitutionalized individuals age ≥12 in the U...

BACKGROUND: After becoming notorious for its use as a party drug in the 1980s, 3,4-methylenedioxy-methampetamine (MDMA), also known by its street names "molly" and "ecstasy," has emerged as a powerful treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). AREAS OF UNCERTAINTY: There are extensive data about the risk profile of MDMA. However, the literature is significantly biased. Animal models demonstrating neurotoxic or adverse effects used doses well beyond the range that would be expected in humans (up to 40 mg/kg in rats compared with roughly 1-2 mg/kg in humans)...