keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38465029/understanding-the-landscape-of-bronchoscopy-in-lung-cancer-insights-from-lesion-location-gender-and-diagnostic-efficacy
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laxmi Devi, Yogendra Verma, Anand Kumar, Farhan Khan, Sanjay Verma, Ankit Kumar
INTRODUCTION: Lung cancer constitutes a critical global health concern. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer's (IARC) GLOBOCAN 2020 estimates, lung cancer is the leading cause of death in cancer patients. In areas where tuberculosis is prevalent, misdiagnosis and mistreatment frequently result from overlap, creating significant difficulties that delay diagnosis and treatment. Amid this complication, bronchoscopic techniques emerge as critical diagnostic tools, though their efficacy varies between studies...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464819/editorial-article-to-animal-experimental-study-on-magnetic-anchor-technique-assisted-endoscopic-submucosal-dissection-of-early-gastric-cancer
#22
EDITORIAL
Enrico Fiori, Antonietta Lamazza, Daniele Crocetti, Antonio V Sterpetti
In this editorial we comment on the article published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2023; 15 (11): 634-680. Gastric cancer (GC) remains the fifth most common malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The overall prevalence of GC has declined, although that of proximal GC has increased over time. Thus, a significant proportion of GC cases and deaths can be avoided if preventive interventions are taken. Early GC (EGC) is defined as GC confined to the mucosa or submucosa...
February 16, 2024: World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464417/innate-immune-signal-transduction-pathways-to-fungal-infection-components-and-regulation
#23
REVIEW
Tian Chen, Chengjiang Gao
Candida species are significant causes of mucosal and systemic infections in immune compromised populations, including HIV-infected individuals and cancer patients. Drug resistance and toxicity have limited the use of anti-fungal drugs. A good comprehension of the nature of the immune responses to the pathogenic fungi will aid in the developing of new approaches to the treatment of fungal diseases. In recent years, extensive research has been done to understand the host defending systems to fungal infections...
June 2024: Cell Insight
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38463378/efficacy-and-safety-of-endoscopic-submucosal-dissection-for-early-gastric-cancer-and-precancerous-lesions-in-elderly-patients
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wen-Si Xu, Hui-Yu Zhang, Shuang Jin, Qi Zhang, Hong-Dan Liu, Ming-Tao Wang, Bo Zhang
BACKGROUND: With advancements in the development of endoscopic technologies, the endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been one of the gold-standard therapies for early gastric cancer. AIM: To investigate the efficacy and safety ESD in the treatment of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions in the elderly patients. METHODS: Seventy-eight elderly patients with early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University were selected and classified into two groups according to the different surgical therapies they received between January 2021 and June 2022...
February 27, 2024: World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461447/exploring-the-underlying-correlation-between-microbiota-immune-system-hormones-and-inflammation-with-breast-cancer-and-the-role-of-probiotics-prebiotics-and-postbiotics
#25
REVIEW
Muhammad Summer, Ayesha Sajjad, Shaukat Ali, Tauqeer Hussain
According to recent research, bacterial imbalance in the gut microbiota and breast tissue may be linked to breast cancer. It has been discovered that alterations in the makeup and function of different types of bacteria found in the breast and gut may contribute to growth and advancement of breast cancer in several ways. The main role of gut microbiota is to control the metabolism of steroid hormones, such as estrogen, which are important in raising the risk of breast cancer, especially in women going through menopause...
March 10, 2024: Archives of Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38458636/mucosal-tumor-vaccination-delivering-endogenous-tumor-antigens-protects-against-pulmonary-breast-cancer-metastases
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Friederike Oltmanns, Ana Vieira Antão, Pascal Irrgang, Vera Viherlehto, Leticia Jörg, Anna Schmidt, Jannik T Wagner, Michael Rückert, Ann-Sophie Flohr, Carol Imanuel Geppert, Benjamin Frey, Wibke Bayer, Claudia Gravekamp, Matthias Tenbusch, Udo Gaipl, Dennis Lapuente
BACKGROUND: Generally, early-stage breast cancer has a good prognosis. However, if it spreads systemically, especially with pulmonary involvement, prospects worsen dramatically. Importantly, tumor-infiltrating T cells contribute to tumor control, particularly intratumoral T cells with a tissue-resident memory phenotype are associated with an improved clinical outcome. METHODS: Here, we use an adenoviral vector vaccine encoding endogenous tumor-associated antigens adjuvanted with interleukin-1β to induce tumor-specific tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) in the lung for the prevention and treatment of pulmonary metastases in the murine 4T1 breast cancer model...
March 7, 2024: Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38457191/deletion-of-concurrent-chemotherapy-on-the-basis-of-sequential-chemoradiotherapy-for-non-metastatic-stage-t4-nasopharyngeal-carcinoma-in-imrt-era
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuming Zheng, Fen Xue, Dan Ou, Xiaoshuang Niu, Chaosu Hu, Xiayun He
PURPOSE: Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) combined with concurrent chemotherapy is deemed as the mainstay treatment in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Nevertheless, the tolerance of severe acute toxicity of concurrent chemotherapy was unsatisfied. In addition, T4 is the predicting factor of poor prognosis for NPC patients. In this retrospective analysis, the long-term outcomes IMRT combined by induction chemotherapy deleting concurrent chemotherapy with or without adjuvant chemotherapy for T4 non-metastatic NPC were analyzed...
February 2024: Cancer Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455275/pro-inflammatory-diet-as-a-risk-factor-for-stomach-cancer-findings-from-a-multicenter-study-in-central-and-western-china
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dan Li, Donglin Zhang, Minjuan Wang, Jianfeng Hao, Yongquan Shi, Dake Chu
PURPOSE: We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study in central and western China to explore the association between inflammatory diet and stomach cancer odds. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Participants from five hospitals in the central and western regions were collected. All participants completed the questionnaire we provided before the gastroscopy examination, which includes inquiries about risk factors for stomach cancer and food frequency. All participants underwent gastroscopy, and a mucosal biopsy was confirmed pathologically...
2024: Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455052/pyroptosis-a-new-insight-into-intestinal-inflammation-and-cancer
#29
REVIEW
Limin Chao, Wenjing Zhang, Yuchao Feng, Pei Gao, Jinyou Ma
Pyroptosis is an innate immune response triggered by the activation of inflammasomes by various influencing factors, characterized by cell destruction. It impacts the immune system and cancer immunotherapy. In recent years, the roles of pyroptosis and inflammasomes in intestinal inflammation and cancer have been continuously confirmed. This article reviews the latest progress in pyroptosis mechanisms, new discoveries of inflammasomes, mutual regulation between inflammasomes, and their applications in intestinal diseases...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454775/immunotherapy-of-human-melanoma-past-present-future
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keywan Mortezaee, Jamal Majidpoor
Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a promising therapeutic schedule in advanced solid cancers. In this review, clinical trials from highly reputable journals are interpreted for safety and efficacy evaluation of the common anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor nivolumab and/or the most known anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitor ipilimumab in advanced melanoma. Current progress in the field of melanoma immunotherapy is the focus of this review. Solo nivolumab and combo nivolumab-ipilimumab show higher responses compared to solo ipilimumab or chemotherapy...
March 6, 2024: Current Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38454556/efficacy-of-nonpharmacological-interventions-for-severe-radiation-induced-oral-mucositis-among-head-and-neck-cancer-patients-a-network-meta-analysis-of-randomised-controlled-trials
#31
REVIEW
Shu Zhang, Juejin Li, Yun Zhang, Xia Li, Yalin Zhang, Yunhuan Li, Lin Zhou, Xiaolin Hu
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of different nonpharmacological treatments for severe radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer. BACKGROUND: Radiation-induced oral mucositis is highly prevalent in patients with head and neck cancer. Current medications for radiation-induced oral mucositis are limited in effectiveness and susceptible to side effects, and while there is an increasing adoption of nonpharmacological interventions, the optimal one remains unclear...
March 7, 2024: Journal of Clinical Nursing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38453922/human-igg-fc-engineering-for-enhanced-plasma-half-life-mucosal-distribution-and-killing-of-cancer-cells-and-bacteria
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stian Foss, Siri A Sakya, Leire Aguinagalde, Marta Lustig, Jutamas Shaughnessy, Ana Rita Cruz, Lisette Scheepmaker, Line Mathiesen, Fulgencio Ruso-Julve, Aina Karen Anthi, Torleif Tollefsrud Gjølberg, Simone Mester, Malin Bern, Mitchell Evers, Diane B Bratlie, Terje E Michaelsen, Tilman Schlothauer, Devin Sok, Jayanta Bhattacharya, Jeanette Leusen, Thomas Valerius, Sanjay Ram, Suzan H M Rooijakkers, Inger Sandlie, Jan Terje Andersen
Monoclonal IgG antibodies constitute the fastest growing class of therapeutics. Thus, there is an intense interest to design more potent antibody formats, where long plasma half-life is a commercially competitive differentiator affecting dosing, frequency of administration and thereby potentially patient compliance. Here, we report on an Fc-engineered variant with three amino acid substitutions Q311R/M428E/N434W (REW), that enhances plasma half-life and mucosal distribution, as well as allows for needle-free delivery across respiratory epithelial barriers in human FcRn transgenic mice...
March 7, 2024: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38453620/pires2-egfp-ctb-urei-vaccination-activated-a-mixed-th1-th2-th17-immune-system-defense-towards-helicobacter-pylori-infection-in-the-balb-c-mice-model
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sana Ghasemifar, Omid Chabak, Tohid Piri-Gharaghie, Abbas Doosti
The occurrence of gastritis, gastric ulcers, distal gastric cancer, and gastric mucosal lymphoma in humans is strongly associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Vaccination is an effective preventive measure due to the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. Fusion vaccination is a potentially practical approach. A fusion vaccine was created in this study by combining the cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) with the antigenic H. pylori urease I subunit (CTB-UreI). The CTB-UreI DNA vaccine was chemically cloned into pIRES2-EGFP, and the success of the cloning was validated using PCR and restriction enzyme digestion...
March 7, 2024: Vaccine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450163/postbiotics-in-colorectal-cancer-intervention-mechanisms-and-perspectives
#34
REVIEW
Wei Xie, Yu-Sen Zhong, Xue-Jian Li, You-Kun Kang, Qian-Yu Peng, Hua-Zhong Ying
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy affecting the gastrointestinal tract worldwide. The etiology and progression of CRC are related to factors such as environmental influences, dietary structure, and genetic susceptibility. Intestinal microbiota can influence the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier and modulate intestinal immunity by secreting various metabolites. Dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota can affect the metabolites of the microbial, leading to the accumulation of toxic metabolites, which can trigger chronic inflammation or DNA damage and ultimately lead to cellular carcinogenesis and the development of CRC...
2024: Frontiers in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38448623/impact-of-endoscopic-surveillance-on-the-early-diagnosis-and-endoscopic-resection-likelihood-of-gastric-cancer
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lu Sun, Yanjie Shen, Liang Huang, Jing Zhao, Meng Li, Yue Hu, Bin Lyu
BACKGROUND: Endoscopy could help detect early gastric cancer (EGC) and improve the prognosis of patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of endoscopy and endoscopic surveillance on the early detection of gastric cancer (GC), GC staging, and treatment selection. METHODS: Patients with GC diagnosed at our center from 2010 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed and allocated to the short-interval group (had received endoscopy within 3 years before diagnosis), the long-interval group (had received endoscopy more than 3 years before diagnosis), and the unchecked group (had not received endoscopy before diagnosis)...
March 6, 2024: Surgical Endoscopy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38447951/-endoscopic-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-early-mucosal-neoplasms-in-the-oesophagus
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andreas Wannhoff, Karel Caca
Endoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis of oesophageal cancer and its precursor lesions. Besides this, endoscopy treatment of these precursor lesions and early oesophageal cancer has been well evaluated and established. This includes dysplastic lesions associated with Barrett's oesophagus and early adenocarcinoma, as well as early squamous cell cancer of the oesophagus. The role of endoscopy for diagnosis and treatment of these lesions is summarised.
March 6, 2024: Zentralblatt Für Chirurgie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442883/-endoscopic-resection-techniques-for-precancerous-and-early-cancerous-lesions-in-the-rectum
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jürgen Hochberger, Martin Loss, Elena Kruse
Today, endoscopy plays a decisive role not only in the detection of colorectal adenomas and carcinomas, but also in the treatment of precancerous lesions, in particular flat adenomas and early carcinomas. In recent years, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has become increasingly important alongside classic polypectomy and mucosal resection after saline injection using a snare (EMR). Using ESD the lesion is marked, injected submucosally using viscous substances and the mucosa incised and tunneled with a transparent cap and a fine diathermy knife...
February 2024: Zentralblatt Für Chirurgie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442830/aberrantly-downregulated-fendrr-by-arecoline-elevates-ros-and-myofibroblast-activation-via-mitigating-the-mir-214-mfn2-axis
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yi-Wen Liao, Cheng-Chia Yu, Chang-Wei Hsieh, Shih-Chi Chao, Pei-Ling Hsieh
Long non-coding RNA FENDRR possesses both anti-fibrotic and anti-cancer properties, but its significance in the development of premalignant oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) remains unclear. Here, we showed that FENDRR was downregulated in OSF specimens and fibrotic buccal mucosal fibroblasts (fBMFs), and overexpression of FENDRR mitigated various myofibroblasts hallmarks, and vice versa. In the course of investigating the mechanism underlying the implication of FENDRR in myofibroblast transdifferentiation, we found that FENDRR can directly bind to miR-214 and exhibit its suppressive effect on myofibroblast activation via titrating miR-214...
March 3, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442208/tgf-%C3%AE-3-increases-the-severity-of-radiation-induced-oral-mucositis-and-salivary-gland-fibrosis-in-a-mouse-model
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ingunn Hanson, Inga Solgård Juvkam, Olga Zlygosteva, Tine Merete Søland, Hilde Kanli Galtung, Eirik Malinen, Nina Frederike Jeppesen Edin
PURPOSE: Toxicities from head and neck (H&N) radiotherapy (RT) may affect patient quality of life and can be dose-limiting. Proteins from the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) family are key players in the fibrotic response. While TGF-β1 is known to be pro-fibrotic, TGF-β3 has mainly been considered anti-fibrotic. Moreover, TGF-β3 has been shown to act protective against acute toxicities after radio- and chemotherapy. In the present study, we investigated the effect of TGF-β3 treatment during fractionated H&N RT in a mouse model...
March 5, 2024: International Journal of Radiation Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38440819/-not-available
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Schilte-Praagman, B A C van Dijk, M T Brands, M H Frank, V E P P Lemmens, M A W Merkx
For years, cancer has been one of the diseases that causes the greatest disease burden in the Netherlands. Cancer does not only have a huge impact on patients and their loved ones, but also on society and healthcare. If the number of cancer patients increases further in the coming years, this impact will only aggravate. This development will also impact dental practice. It is therefore important to assess what awaits us in the coming years. Both with regard to supporting and treating (former) oncology patients...
March 2024: Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Tandheelkunde
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