cancer of colon

Previous observational studies have investigated the association between urinary albumin excretion and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the results have been inconsistent. This study aimed to explore the causal association between urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) and CRC risk through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of ACR (n = 382,500) and CRC (CRC: 6,509 cases and 287,137 controls) were obtained from the IEU OpenGWAS project website and the FinnGen database, respectively...

Recent research has shown that membrane trafficking plays an important role in canonical Wnt signaling through sequestration of the β-catenin destruction complex inside multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and lysosomes. In this study, we introduce Ouabain, an inhibitor of the Na,K-ATPase pump that establishes electric potentials across membranes, as a potent inhibitor of Wnt signaling. We find that Na,K-ATPase levels are elevated in advanced colon carcinoma, that this enzyme is elevated in cancer cells with constitutively activated Wnt pathway and is activated by GSK3 inhibitors that increase macropinocytosis...

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Oncogene activation and epigenome dysregulation drive tumor initiation and progression, contributing to tumor immune evasion and compromising the clinical response to immunotherapy. Epigenetic immunotherapy represents a promising paradigm in conquering cancer immunosuppression, whereas few relevant drug combination and delivery strategies emerge in the clinic. This study presents a well-designed triune nanomodulator, termed ROCA, which demonstrates robust capabilities in tumor epigenetic modulation and immune microenvironment reprogramming for cancer epigenetic immunotherapy...

PURPOSE: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most frequent cancer with limited therapeutic achievements. Recently, adoptive cellular immunotherapy has been developed as an antitumor therapy. However, its efficacy has not been tested in CRC. This study investigated the ability of an immune cell cocktail of dendritic cells (DCs), T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells to overcome immunological hurdles and improve the therapeutic efficacy of cell therapy for CRC. METHODS: CRC lysate-pulsed monocyte-derived DCs (Mo-DCs), CRC antigen-specifically expanded T cells (CTL), and in vitro-expanded NK cells were cultured from patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)...

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in Korea and the third leading cause of death from cancer. Treatment outcomes for colon cancer are steadily improving due to national health screening programs with advances in diagnostic methods, surgical techniques, and therapeutic agents.. The Korea Colon Cancer Multidisciplinary (KCCM) Committee intends to provide professionals who treat colon cancer with the most up-to-date, evidence-based practice guidelines to improve outcomes and help them make decisions that reflect their patients' values and preferences...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the last few years has emerged as a valuable tool in managing colorectal cancer, revolutionizing its management at different stages. In early detection and diagnosis, AI leverages its prowess in imaging analysis, scrutinizing CT scans, MRI, and colonoscopy views to identify polyps and tumors. This ability enables timely and accurate diagnoses, initiating treatment at earlier stages. AI has helped in personalized treatment planning because of its ability to integrate diverse patient data, including tumor characteristics, medical history, and genetic information...

Histone dopaminylation is a newly identified epigenetic mark that plays a role in the regulation of gene transcription, where an isopeptide bond is formed between the fifth amino acid residue of H3 ( i.e. , glutamine) and dopamine. In our previous studies, we discovered that the dynamics of this post-translational modification (including installation, removal, and replacement) were regulated by a single enzyme, transglutaminase 2 (TGM2), through reversible transamination. Recently, we developed a chemical probe to specifically label and enrich histone dopaminylation via bioorthogonal chemistry...

Primary cancer of the ileum is rare, and when it occurs in conjunction with primary colon cancer, it becomes even more infrequent and challenging to diagnose prior to surgical intervention. Primary small bowel cancers can be overlooked and may be misidentified as small bowel mesenchymal tumours or advanced metastases from colon cancer. We present an exceedingly uncommon case of ruptured primary ileal cancer combined with primary descending colon cancer presenting with gastrointestinal bleeding. Based on our understanding, instances of dual tumours concurrently occurring are exceedingly infrequent...

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) with the Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B ( BRAF ) V600E had a relatively poor prognosis. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK ) fusion and the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition factor ( MET ) amplification have been recognized as potentially important therapeutic targets in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, both of them are of extremely lower frequencies (<2%) in metastatic CRC, and few studies have mentioned the real application of their inhibitors in CRC treatment...

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) pose a global health challenge, leading to substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic strain. Our review underscores the escalating incidence of NCDs worldwide and highlights the potential of regenerative agriculture (RA) products in mitigating these diseases. We also explore the efficacy of dietary interventions in NCD management and prevention, emphasizing the superiority of plant-based diets over those high in processed foods and red meat. Examining the role of the gut microbiome in various diseases, including liver disorders, allergies, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and colon cancer, we find compelling evidence implicating its influence on disease development...

BACKGROUND: Choline, an indispensable nutrient, plays a pivotal role in various physiological processes. The available evidence regarding the nexus between dietary choline intake and health outcomes, encompassing cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and all-cause mortality, is limited and inconclusive. This study aimed to comprehensively explore the relationship between dietary choline intake and the aforementioned health outcomes in adults aged > 20 years in the U.S. METHODS: This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2011 and 2018...

PURPOSE: Postoperative adhesions can be prevented by the use of bioabsorbable anti-adhesion barriers. Although the occurrence of postoperative bowel obstruction is an important concern for patients, at the time of approval of anti-adhesion barriers, its effectiveness in preventing postoperative bowel obstruction had not been evaluated. We aimed to retrospectively evaluate the incidence of bowel obstruction after colectomy in patients with colon cancer using an insurance claims database...

BACKGROUND: Available techniques for IPAA in ulcerative colitis include handsewn, double-stapled, and single-stapled anastomoses. There are controversies, indications, and different outcomes regarding these techniques. OBJECTIVE: To describe technical details, indications, and outcomes of 3 specific types of anastomoses in restorative proctocolectomy. DATA SOURCE: Systematic literature review for articles in the PubMed database according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Xihuang pills, a time-honored Chinese compound formula with a history spanning thousands of years, have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in treating various cancers, such as breast cancer, colon cancer, and liver cancer. Clinical applications over the years have established their effectiveness. Several scholars conducting experimental studies have elucidated the potent tumor-suppressing effects of Xihuang pills. While the inhibition of tumor vascular development and prevention of tumor cell invasion and metastasis have been well-explored mechanisms, the impact on the tumor immune microenvironment has received less attention...

Deep learning may detect biologically important signals embedded in tumor morphologic features that confer distinct prognoses. Tumor morphological features were quantified to enhance patient risk stratification within DNA mismatch repair (MMR) groups using deep learning. Using a quantitative segmentation algorithm (QuantCRC) that identifies 15 distinct morphological features, we analyzed 402 resected stage III colon carcinomas (191 d-MMR; 189 p-MMR) from participants in a phase III trial of FOLFOX-based adjuvant chemotherapy...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression level of Kruppel-like transcription factor family member KLF11 in intestinal mucosal tissues of Crohn's disease (CD) and its regulatory effect on intestinal inflammation in CD-like colitis. METHODS: We examined KLF11 expression levels in diseased and normal colon mucosal tissues from 12 CD patients and 12 patients with colorectal cancer using immunofluorescence staining. KLF11 expression was also detected in the colon mucosal tissues of a mouse model of 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Intestinal malrotation (IM) often remains undetected until adulthood, being discovered during testing or surgery for other comorbidities. Preoperative understanding of this anatomical abnormality is crucial. CASE REPORT: An 80-year-old woman presented with cecal cancer. Three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) revealed that the cecum was located at the midline of the abdominal cavity, the duodenum did not cross the midline, and the ileocolic vein ran to the left...

BACKGROUND: lncRNA β‑1,3‑galactosyltransferase 5‑AS1 (B3GALT5-AS1) plays a vital regulatory role in colon and gastric cancers. However, the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of B3GALT5-AS1 in keloid progression remain unknown. This study aims to investigate the molecular mechanisms in the B3GALT5-AS1-regulated keloid proliferation and invasion. METHODS: Secondary mining of the lncRNA sequencing data from GSE158395 was conducted to screen differentially expressed lncRNAs between keloid and normal tissues...

INTRODUCTION: Although the existence of Candida species in the respiratory tract is often considered commensal, it is crucial to recognize the significance of Candida colonization in immunocompromised or COVID-19 patients. The emergence of Candida auris as an emerging pathogen further emphasizes the importance of monitoring yeast infection/colonization, particularly in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: In this study, respiratory samples mainly from COVID-19 patients, primarily those suspected of having a fungal infection, were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar plates and the yeast colonies were identified using a two-step multiplex PCR method...