Asthma children

OBJECTIVE: This modelling study aimed to estimate the burden for allergic diseases in children during a period of 30 years. DESIGN: Population-based observational study. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The data on the incidence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for childhood allergic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and asthma, were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019 online database. This data set spans various groups, including different regions, ages, genders and Socio-Demographic Indices (SDI), covering the period from 1990 to 2019...

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The efficacy and safety of preventive allergen immunotherapy (pAIT) in children are currently under investigation. Here, we provide an overview of pAIT with respiratory allergens concerning the prevention of new sensitizations, allergic disease onset and progression as well as further immunomodulatory effects. Three databases were searched for clinical pAIT studies in children. Selected publications were reviewed for preventive outcomes according to prevention level (primary, secondary, and tertiary), allergen type, administration route, dose, and treatment duration...

This practice point summarizes recommendations from the Canadian Thoracic Society's 2021 "Guideline update: Diagnosis and management of asthma in preschoolers, children, and adults." New recommendations include: a decrease in the frequency of daytime symptoms and reliever use to ≤2 per week in the asthma control criteria; assessing for risk of asthma exacerbation; not using as-needed short-acting beta-agonists alone in patients at higher risk for exacerbation; and the option of as-needed budesonide/formoterol (bud/form) in those ≥12 years old if they are unable to take daily inhaled corticosteroids despite extensive asthma education and support...

OBJECTIVES: Asthma is a chronic lung condition that can be exacerbated when triggered by viruses. Pandemic public health restrictions aimed to reduce COVID-19 transmission indirectly effected other circulating viruses. This study assessed the impact of the pandemic and associated public health measures on acute paediatric asthma across four tertiary sites in three Canadian provinces. We queried whether pandemic-related changes would impair preventive care and delay presentation to care, increasing asthma exacerbation severity...

BACKGROUND: Asthma is a complex disease and a severe global public health problem resulting from interactions between genetic background and environmental exposures. It has been suggested that gut microbiota may be related to asthma development; however, such relationships needs further investigation. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiota as well as the nasal lavage cytokine profile of asthmatic and nonasthmatic individuals. METHODS: Stool and nasal lavage samples were collected from 29 children and adolescents with type 2 asthma and 28 children without asthma in Brazil...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the associations between birth-related exposures and postnasal factors and risk for allergic rhinitis and asthma in children and adolescents. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search of five literature databases up until May 2023. To estimate the associations between birth-related exposures (birth weight, mode of delivery, prematurity, sex, maternal age, and parental history of allergy) and postnatal factors (birth order, number of siblings, exclusive, and duration of breastfeeding) and allergic disease, we calculated pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals...

BACKGROUND: Studies in adult chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) showed poor correlation between patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) and objective findings. Our goal is to study the correlation between the sinus and nasal quality of life (SN-5) and the 22-items sinonasal outcome test (SNOT-22) surveys with endoscopy findings in children with chronic adenoiditis (CA) and CRS. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of all pediatric patients (age 2-18) presenting for CA or CRS was performed...

The quality of indoor environment is a risk factor for early childhood eczema and atopic dermatitis; however, its influence during pregnancy on childhood eczema in Japan has not been investigated. In this study, we aimed to determine the indoor environmental factors that are associated with eczema in children up to 3 years of age, using national birth cohort data from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS). Information on indoor environments and eczema symptoms until 3 years of age was collected using self-administered questionnaires to the mothers...

BACKGROUND: Pediatricians are often the first point of contact for children in Primary Care (PC), but still perceive gaps in their allergy knowledge. We investigated self-perceived knowledge gaps and educational needs in pediatricians across healthcare systems in Europe so that future educational initiatives may better support the delivery of allergy services in PC. METHOD: A multinational survey was circulated to pediatricians who care for children and adolescents with allergy problems in PC by the EAACI Allergy Educational Needs in Primary Care Pediatricians Task Force from February to March 2023...

Despite the widely recommended usage of partially or extensively hydrolyzed milk protein formula (PHF or EHF) for preventing allergic diseases (ADs), clinical studies have been inconclusive regarding their efficacy compared with cow's milk formula (CMF) or breast milk (BM). We aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of PHF or EHF versus CMF or BM on the risk of ADs (cow's milk allergy, allergic rhinitis, eczema, asthma, wheeze, food allergy, and sensitization) in children. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for clinical trials published from inception to October 21st, 2022...

BACKGROUND: Asthmatic children present variable degrees of airway inflammation, remodeling, and resistance, which correlate with disease control and severity. The chronic inflammatory process of the airway triggers airway remodeling, which reflects the degree of airway resistance. Pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic mediators are centrally involved in this process. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the levels of pulmonary and systemic pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic mediators present a correlation with the resistance of the respiratory system and of the proximal and distal airways...

Objectives. To evaluate the interaction between childhood asthma and S. 25(OH) cholecalciferol among Bangladeshi children. Methods. This case control study was conducted in child asthma clinic, Bangladesh Shishu Hospital Institute during March-August 2021. Comparison was made between clinically-diagnosed (following GINA guideline) asthmatic children (2-12 years-old) (cases = 87) and age and sex-matched children having no respiratory illness (controls = 90) using SPSS' (Statistical Package for Social Science, V...

BACKGROUND: Environmental and social factors, including lack of access to asthma care, contribute to persistent inequities in asthma outcomes among children from historically marginalized ethnoracial groups. Telemedicine, which expanded rapidly during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, may be an approach to augment access to pediatric asthma care. OBJECTIVES: We sought to describe characteristics of pediatric (0-17 years) telemedicine users with asthma and characterize use trends throughout the COVID-19 pandemic...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Dairy products may be associated with an increased risk of asthma, although there is little scientific evidence to support this association. The goal of this study was to explore the association between dairy consumption and asthma symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on children and adolescents aged 6-8 and 13-14 years living in central Iran. Dietary food consumption was assessed using a multiple-choice questionnaire...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Right middle lobe syndrome (MLS) is a rare lung disorder primarily affecting children with a history of asthma or atopy. It encompasses a range of pathological and clinical conditions, from recurrent collapses of the middle lobe to bronchiectasis. In this study, the authors present a case series featuring four individuals with MLS associated with asthma, aiming to deepen our understanding of this uncommon condition. CASE PRESENTATION: Four paediatric patients with right MLS exhibited symptoms of persistent cough, dyspnoea, and recurrent asthma exacerbations...

BACKGROUND: Current national guidelines recommend against chest X-rays (CXRs) for patients with acute asthma exacerbation (AAE). The overuse of CXRs in AAE has become a concern, prompting the need for a quality improvement (QI) project to decrease CXR usage through guideline-based interventions. We aimed to reduce the percentage of CXRs not adhering to national guidelines obtained for pediatric patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with AAE by 50% within 12 months of project initiation...

The health risks of smoking are widely known, but the impact of secondhand smoke on children and adolescents is often underestimated. Despite efforts to reduce smoking, exposure to secondhand smoke remains a significant public health concern, especially for young individuals. This systematic review aims to explore the health impacts of secondhand smoking on children and adolescents. Following PRISMA guidelines, 18 eligible studies from 8 countries published between 2015 and 2023 were identified through PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases...

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Prenatal exposures are associated with childhood asthma, and risk may increase with simultaneous exposures. Pregnant women living in lower-income communities tend to have elevated exposures to a range of potential asthma risk factors, which may interact in complex ways. We examined the association between prenatal exposures and the risk of childhood asthma acute care clinical encounters (hospitalization, emergency department visit, observational stay) using conditional logistic regression with a multivariable smooth to model the interaction between continuous variables, adjusted for maternal characteristics, and stratified by sex...