Asthma children

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BACKGROUND: Outdoor aeroallergens, such as pollens and molds, are known triggers of asthma exacerbation; however, few studies have examined children's aeroallergen response based on sensitization. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to compare the relative impact of aeroallergen levels on asthma exacerbation between pediatric patients with asthma who tested positive or negative for sensitization to particular allergens. METHODS: A case-crossover design study was conducted to examine associations between outdoor aeroallergen levels and asthma exacerbation events among children living in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, who were treated within a large pediatric care network...

Background Infants with frequent viral and bacterial respiratory infections exhibit compromised immunity to routine immunisations. They are also more likely to develop chronic respiratory diseases in later childhood. This study investigated the feasibility of epigenetic profiling to reveal endotype-specific molecular pathways with potential for early identification and immuno-modulation. Peripharal immune cells from respiratory infection allergy/asthma prone (IAP) infants were retrospectively selected for genome-wide DNA methylation and single nucleotide polymorphism analysis...

Exposome studies are advancing in high-income countries to understand how multiple environmental exposures impact health. However, there is a significant research gap in low- and middle-income and tropical countries. We aimed to describe the spatiotemporal variation of the external exposome, its correlation structure between and within exposure groups, and its dimensionality. A one-year follow-up cohort study of 506 children under 5 in two cities in Colombia was conducted to evaluate asthma, acute respiratory infections, and DNA damage...

BACKGROUND: In children suspected of asthma, diagnosis is confirmed via variable expiratory airflow limitation. However, there is no single gold standard test for diagnosing asthma. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the pulmonary function characteristics in children suspected of asthma without bronchodilator response (BDR) and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR). METHODS: We utilized two separate real-world retrospective observational cohorts of children who underwent both spirometry and bronchial provocation testing for asthma...

The current study aimed to explore whether bisphenol A (BPA) exposure aggravated the decrease in Tregs induced by ovalbumin (OVA) in adolescent female mouse models of asthma, and whether the process was associated with mTOR-mediated signaling pathways and DNA methylation levels. A total of 40 female C57BL/6 mice at the age of four weeks were used and divided into five groups after 1 week of domestication. Each group consisted of eight mice: the control group, OVA group, OVA+BPA (0.1 μg mL-1 ) group, OVA+BPA (0...

This systematic review aims to identify the association between prenatal exposure to air pollutants and allergic diseases in children, focusing on specific pollutants, timing of exposure, and associated diseases. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for English articles until May 1, 2023, examining maternal exposure to outdoor air pollutants (PM1 , PM2.5 , PM10 , NO, NO2 , SO2 , CO, and O3 ) during pregnancy and child allergic diseases (atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergy (FA), asthma (AT) and allergic rhinitis (AR)/hay fever (HF))...

OBJECTIVES: To compare high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) versus nasal prong bubble continuous positive airway pressure (b-CPAP) in children with moderate to severe acute bronchiolitis. DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial was carried out from August 2019 to February 2022. (Clinical Trials Registry of India number CTRI/2019/07/020402). SETTING: Pediatric emergency ward and ICU within a tertiary care center in India. PATIENTS: Children 1-23 months old with moderate to severe acute bronchiolitis...

The relationship between sunlight and allergies in children has received limited attention from researchers. We sought to explore how early exposure to solar radiation is associated with allergic morbidity within the PARIS birth cohort study. Our research dealt with children who attended at least one of two health checkups: at 18 months (n = 2012) and at 8-9 years (n = 1080). Early exposure to solar radiation was assessed using meteorological data (e.g., solar radiation, temperature, and relative humidity)...

BACKGROUND: The pathophysiological mechanisms by which asthma and bronchiectasis are associated are still unclear. The association of these two diseases can result in more severe symptoms and a greater number of exacerbations. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this systematic review is to collect evidence of the pathophysiology of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis with associated asthma in children and adolescents, aged 6-18 years old. METHODS: A systematic and comprehensive search will be performed using eight main databases, PubMed, PubMed PMC, BVS/BIREME, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scielo and Web of Science...

Objective: The prevalence of asthma has gradually increased worldwide in recent years, which has made asthma a global public health problem. However, due to its complexity and heterogeneity, there are a few academic debates on the pathogenic mechanism of asthma. The study of the pathogenesis of asthma through metabolomics has become a new research direction. We aim to uncover the metabolic pathway of children with asthma. Methods: Liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomic analysis was conducted to compare urine metabolic profiles between asthmatic children (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 10)...

Introduction: As parents or legal guardians primarily care for children with asthma, understanding their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) barriers to treatment and medication adherence is of essential importance. This study aimed to analyze the KAP toward asthma medication and adherence among preschool-aged asthmatic children's parents and explore the factors influencing adherence. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between February 2023 and April 2023. Parents of preschool children with asthma were asked to complete the questionnaire containing knowledge, attitude, practice dimensions, and demographic characteristics...

INTRODUCTION: Asthma is characterized by preventable morbidity, cost, and inequity. We sought to build an Asthma Learning Health System (ALHS) to coordinate regional pediatric asthma improvement activities. METHODS: We generated quantitative and qualitative insights pertinent to a better, more equitable care delivery system. We used electronic health record data to calculate asthma hospitalization rates for youth in our region. We completed an "environmental scan" to catalog the breadth of asthma-related efforts occurring in our children's hospital and across the region...

BACKGROUND: Since 2008, children in Catalonia (Spain) have suffered a period of great economic deprivation. This situation has generated broad-ranging health inequalities in a variety of diseases. It is not known how these inequalities have changed over time. The aim of the present study is to determine trends in inequalities over this period in ten relevant diseases in children according to sex and age. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional population-based study of all children under 15 years old resident in Catalonia during the 2014-2021 period (over 1...

BACKGROUND: In Germany, no consented quality indicator set (QI set) exists to date that can be used to assess the quality of pediatric care. Therefore, the aim of the project "Assessment of the quality of routine ambulatory health care for common disorders in children and adolescents" (QualiPäd) funded by the Innovation Committee of the Federal Joint Committee (grant no.: 01VSF19035) was to develop a QI set for the diseases asthma, atopic eczema, otitis media, tonsillitis, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression and conduct disorder...

BACKGROUND: Adrenal steroids play important roles in early life development. However, our understanding of the effects of perinatal adrenal steroids on the development of childhood asthma is incomplete. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the associations between early life adrenal steroid levels and childhood asthma. METHODS: Participants included INSPIRE birth cohort children with untargeted urinary metabolomics data measured during early infancy (n=264) and nasal immune mediator data measured concurrently at age 2-6 months (n=76)...

BACKGROUND: The first 1000 days of life, encompassing pregnancy and the first 2 years after birth, represent a critical period for human health development. Despite this significance, there has been limited research into the associations between mixed exposure to air pollutants during this period and the development of asthma/wheezing in children. Furthermore, the finer sensitivity window of exposure during this crucial developmental phase remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the relationships between prenatal and postnatal exposures to various ambient air pollutants (particulate matter 2...

BACKGROUND: Tropical cyclones are associated with acute increases in mortality and morbidity, but few studies have examined their longer-term health consequences. We assessed whether tropical cyclones are associated with a higher frequency of symptom exacerbation among children with asthma in the following 12 months in eastern United States counties, 2000-2018. METHODS: We defined exposure to tropical cyclones as a maximum sustained windspeed >21 meters/second at the county center and used coarsened exact matching to match each exposed county to one or more unexposed counties...

Socioeconomic status (SES) influences the risk of both physical diseases, such as asthma, and neurodevelopmental conditions, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Using Causal Mediation Analysis on French birth-cohort data, we found a causal pathway from SES to ADHD symptoms, in part mediated by asthma. An increase in family income at age 3 by one unit resulted in lower ADHD symptoms at age 5, by -0.37 [95% CI: -0.50, -0.24] SDQ-score-points, with additional -0.04 [95% CI: -0.08, -0.01] points reduction indirectly via asthma at age 3, both with statistical significance...

OBJECTIVE: Recovery from acute wheeze and asthma attacks should be supported with safety netting, including treatment advice. We evaluated emergency department (ED) discharge practices for acute childhood wheeze/asthma attacks to describe variation in safety netting and recovery bronchodilator dosing. DESIGN: Two-phase study between June 2020 and September 2021, comprising (1) Departmental discharge practice survey, and (2) Analysis of written discharge instructions for caregivers...