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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jia Rui, Kangguo Li, Hongjie Wei, Xiaohao Guo, Zeyu Zhao, Yao Wang, Wentao Song, Buasiyamu Abudunaibi, Tianmu Chen
Since the COVID-19 pandemic began, a plethora of modeling studies related to COVID-19 have been released. While some models stand out due to their innovative approaches, others are flawed in their methodology. To assist novices, frontline healthcare workers, and public health policymakers in navigating the complex landscape of these models, we introduced a structured framework named MODELS. This framework is designed to detail the essential steps and considerations for creating a dependable epidemic model, offering direction to researchers engaged in epidemic modeling endeavors...
April 17, 2024: Infectious Diseases of Poverty
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sophie Meakin, Sebastian Funk
BACKGROUND: Defining healthcare facility catchment areas is a key step in predicting future healthcare demand in epidemic settings. Forecasts of hospitalisations can be informed by leading indicators measured at the community level. However, this relies on the definition of so-called catchment areas or the geographies whose populations make up the patients admitted to a given hospital, which are often not well-defined. Little work has been done to quantify the impact of hospital catchment area definitions on healthcare demand forecasting...
April 17, 2024: BMC Medicine
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weiwei Zhang, Xinchun Li
BACKGROUND: Public health emergencies are characterized by uncertainty, rapid transmission, a large number of cases, a high rate of critical illness, and a high case fatality rate. The intensive care unit (ICU) is the "last line of defense" for saving lives. And ICU resources play a critical role in the treatment of critical illness and combating public health emergencies. OBJECTIVE: This study estimates the demand for ICU healthcare resources based on an accurate prediction of the surge in the number of critically ill patients in the short term...
April 17, 2024: BMC Health Services Research
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiang Yin, Wei Liu, Yajuan Jiang, Qiang Feng, Xiaoyu Wang, Huixin Dou, Zanzan Liu, Feifei He, Yingying Fan, Baihai Jiao, Boyan Jiao
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the molecular characteristics of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant BA.2.76 in Jining City, China. METHODS: Whole-genome sequencing was performed on 87 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Evolutionary trees were constructed using bioinformatics software to analyze sequence homology, variant sites, N-glycosylation sites, and phosphorylation sites. RESULTS: All 87 SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequences were classified under the evolutionary branch of the Omicron variant BA...
April 17, 2024: BMC Genomics
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yang Xiao, Qiqiang Guo, Na Xie, Gangyi Yuan, Mengyun Liao, Qin Gui, Guijie Ding
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner&Buhrer) Nickle is a global quarantine pest that causes devastating mortality in pine species. The rapid and uncontrollable parasitic spread of this organism results in substantial economic losses to pine forests annually. In this study, we used the MaxEnt model and GIS software ArcGIS10.8 to predict the distribution of B. xylophilus based on collected distribution points and 19 environmental variables (with a correlation coefficient of|R| > 0.8) for the contemporary period (1970-2000), 2041-2060 (2050s), 2061-2080 (2070s), and 2081-2100 (2090s) under four shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs)...
April 17, 2024: BMC ecology and evolution
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saima Rashid, Sher Zaman Hamidi, Saima Akram, Muhammad Aon Raza, S K Elagan, Beida Mohsen Tami Alsubei
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel virus known as coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that affects the pulmonary structure and results in the coronavirus illness 2019 (COVID-19). Tuberculosis (TB) and COVID-19 codynamics have been documented in numerous nations. Understanding the complexities of codynamics is now critically necessary as a consequence. The aim of this research is to construct a co-infection model of TB and COVID-19 in the context of fractional calculus operators, white noise and probability density functions, employing a rigorous biological investigation...
April 17, 2024: Scientific Reports
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tommaso Alfonsi, Anna Bernasconi, Matteo Chiara, Stefano Ceri
Recombination is a key molecular mechanism for the evolution and adaptation of viruses. The first recombinant SARS-CoV-2 genomes were recognized in 2021; as of today, more than ninety SARS-CoV-2 lineages are designated as recombinant. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, several methods for detecting recombination in SARS-CoV-2 have been proposed; however, none could faithfully confirm manual analyses by experts in the field. We hereby present RecombinHunt, an original data-driven method for the identification of recombinant genomes, capable of recognizing recombinant SARS-CoV-2 genomes (or lineages) with one or two breakpoints with high accuracy and within reduced turn-around times...
April 17, 2024: Nature Communications
#28
EDITORIAL
Eugene V Beresin, Anthony P S Guerrero, Mary K Morreale, Lia A Thomas, Enrico G Castillo, Rashi Aggarwal, Richard Balon, Alan K Louie, John Coverdale, Adam M Brenner
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 17, 2024: Academic Psychiatry
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maribel Jiménez-Edeza, Santiago Valentin Galván-Gordillo, Ramón Pacheco-Arjona, Gloria Marisol Castañeda-Ruelas
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis worldwide. In México, L. monocytogenes has been identified as a hazard of deli-meats. However, the genomic analysis that supports the transmission of L. monocytogenes strains via deli-meats and its role as a source for virulence and resistance genes is lacking. Here, we present four high-quality genome drafts of L. monocytogenes strains isolated from deli-meats in Mexico. In silico typing was used to determine the serotype, lineage, clonal complexes (CC), and multilocus sequence (ST)...
April 17, 2024: Current Microbiology
#30
REVIEW
Edward C Holmes
The origin of SARS-CoV-2 has evoked heated debate and strong accusations, yet seemingly little resolution. I review the scientific evidence on the origin of SARS-CoV-2 and its subsequent spread through the human population. The available data clearly point to a natural zoonotic emergence within, or closely linked to, the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan. There is no direct evidence linking the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 to laboratory work conducted at the Wuhan Institute of Virology. The subsequent global spread of SARS-CoV-2 was characterized by a gradual adaptation to humans, with dual increases in transmissibility and virulence until the emergence of the Omicron variant...
April 17, 2024: Annual Review of Virology
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Megan A Hansen, Nkgomeleng A Lekodeba, Joshua M Chevalier, Tom Ockhuisen, Paula Del Rey-Puech, Elena Marban-Castro, Guillermo Zohar Martínez-Pérez, Sonjelle Shilton, Muhammad Radzi Abu Hassan, Vladimir Getia, Catiuscia Weinert-Mizuschima, Maria Isabelle Tenorio Bezerra, Lensa Chala, Robert Leong, Remilekun Peregino, Sara Keller, Ineke Spruijt, Cheryl C Johnson, Sarah J Girdwood, Brooke E Nichols
OBJECTIVE: Diagnostic testing is an important tool to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, yet access to and uptake of testing vary widely 3 years into the pandemic. The WHO recommends the use of COVID-19 self-testing as an option to help expand testing access. We aimed to calculate the cost of providing COVID-19 self-testing across countries and distribution modalities. DESIGN: We estimated economic costs from the provider perspective to calculate the total cost and the cost per self-test kit distributed for three scenarios that differed by costing period (pilot, annual), the number of tests distributed (actual, planned, scaled assuming an epidemic peak) and self-test kit costs (pilot purchase price, 50% reduction)...
April 17, 2024: BMJ Open
#32
EDITORIAL
Eskild Petersen, Ziad A Memish, David S Hui, Alessandra Scagliarini, Lone Simonsen, Edgar Simulundu, Jennifer Bloodgood, Lucille Blumberg, Shui- Shan Lee, Alimuddin Zumla
epidemics, avian influenza, H5N1, highly pathogenic avian influenza, HPAI.
April 15, 2024: International Journal of Infectious Diseases: IJID
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
T Blanchard, S Hoummady, M Roche, D Banuls, A Bynens, M Meunier, M Djerene, N Dos Santos, E Tissaoui, P Rouch-Buck, M Fantinati, N Priymenko
Pet obesity is still a major health issue, which is considered an epidemic by some researchers. Prevention is one of the cornerstones of veterinary care, emphasizing the importance of proactive measures. Human lifestyle was affected during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in an increased overweight prevalence in the population. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in dogs during this period has been poorly explored. This study's objectives were to assess the percentage of the French dog population with overweight and obesity, compare the results with a study conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic, and investigate any potential changes in the risk factors...
April 15, 2024: Topics in Companion Animal Medicine
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hechao Zhu, Geng Wang, Xiangzu Liu, Wenqing Wu, Teng Yu, Weichao Zhang, Xiangdong Liu, Guofu Cheng, Liuqing Wei, Lumei Ni, Zhong Peng, Xiangmin Li, Dequan Xu, Ping Qian, Pin Chen
Porcine viral diarrhea is a common ailment in clinical settings, causing significant economic losses to the swine industry. Notable culprits behind porcine viral diarrhea encompass transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), and porcine rotavirus-A (PoRVA). Co-infections involving the viruses are a common occurrence in clinical settings, thereby amplifying the complexities associated with differential diagnosis. As a consequence, it is therefore necessary to develop a method that can detect and differentiate all four porcine diarrhea viruses (TGEV, PEDV, PDCoV, and PoRVA) with a high sensitivity and specificity...
April 15, 2024: Microbial Pathogenesis
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jack Wardle, Sangeeta Bhatia, Anne Cori, Pierre Nouvellet
BACKGROUND: The international flight network creates multiple routes by which pathogens can quickly spread across the globe. In the early stages of infectious disease outbreaks, analyses using flight passenger data to identify countries at risk of importing the pathogen are common and can help inform disease control efforts. A challenge faced in this modelling is that the latest aviation statistics (referred to as contemporary data) are typically not immediately available. Therefore, flight patterns from a previous year are often used (referred to as historical data)...
March 17, 2024: Journal of Travel Medicine
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paola Mariela Saba Villarroel, Rodolphe Hamel, Nuttamonpat Gumpangseth, Sakda Yainoy, Phanit Koomhin, Dorothée Missé, Sineewanlaya Wichit
BACKGROUND: Zika virus (ZIKV) has spread to five of the six World Health Organization (WHO) regions. Given the substantial number of asymptomatic infections and clinical presentations resembling those of other arboviruses, estimating the true burden of ZIKV infections is both challenging and essential. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of seroprevalence studies of ZIKV IgG in asymptomatic population to estimate its global impact and distribution. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted extensive searches and compiled a collection of articles published from Jan/01/2000, to Jul/31/2023, from Embase, Pubmed, SciELO, and Scopus databases...
April 17, 2024: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sung-Mok Jung, Sara L Loo, Emily Howerton, Lucie Contamin, Claire P Smith, Erica C Carcelén, Katie Yan, Samantha J Bents, John Levander, Jessi Espino, Joseph C Lemaitre, Koji Sato, Clifton D McKee, Alison L Hill, Matteo Chinazzi, Jessica T Davis, Kunpeng Mu, Alessandro Vespignani, Erik T Rosenstrom, Sebastian A Rodriguez-Cartes, Julie S Ivy, Maria E Mayorga, Julie L Swann, Guido España, Sean Cavany, Sean M Moore, T Alex Perkins, Shi Chen, Rajib Paul, Daniel Janies, Jean-Claude Thill, Ajitesh Srivastava, Majd Al Aawar, Kaiming Bi, Shraddha Ramdas Bandekar, Anass Bouchnita, Spencer J Fox, Lauren Ancel Meyers, Przemyslaw Porebski, Srini Venkatramanan, Aniruddha Adiga, Benjamin Hurt, Brian Klahn, Joseph Outten, Jiangzhuo Chen, Henning Mortveit, Amanda Wilson, Stefan Hoops, Parantapa Bhattacharya, Dustin Machi, Anil Vullikanti, Bryan Lewis, Madhav Marathe, Harry Hochheiser, Michael C Runge, Katriona Shea, Shaun Truelove, Cécile Viboud, Justin Lessler
BACKGROUND: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to cause significant hospitalizations and deaths in the United States. Its continued burden and the impact of annually reformulated vaccines remain unclear. Here, we present projections of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths in the United States for the next 2 years under 2 plausible assumptions about immune escape (20% per year and 50% per year) and 3 possible CDC recommendations for the use of annually reformulated vaccines (no recommendation, vaccination for those aged 65 years and over, vaccination for all eligible age groups based on FDA approval)...
April 17, 2024: PLoS Medicine
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ari S Freedman, Justin K Sheen, Stella Tsai, Jihong Yao, Edward Lifshitz, David Adinaro, Simon A Levin, Bryan T Grenfell, C Jessica E Metcalf
Characterizing the relationship between disease testing behaviors and infectious disease dynamics is of great importance for public health. Tests for both current and past infection can influence disease-related behaviors at the individual level, while population-level knowledge of an epidemic's course may feed back to affect one's likelihood of taking a test. The COVID-19 pandemic has generated testing data on an unprecedented scale for tests detecting both current infection (PCR, antigen) and past infection (serology); this opens the way to characterizing the complex relationship between testing behavior and infection dynamics...
April 23, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
QinQin Yu, Scott W Olesen, Claire Duvallet, Yonatan H Grad
Wastewater-based epidemiology is a promising public health tool that can yield a more representative view of the population than case reporting. However, only about 80% of the U.S. population is connected to public sewers, and the characteristics of populations missed by wastewater-based epidemiology are unclear. To address this gap, we used publicly available datasets to assess sewer connectivity in the U.S. by location, demographic groups, and economic groups. Data from the U.S. Census' American Housing Survey revealed that sewer connectivity was lower than average when the head of household was American Indian and Alaskan Native, White, non-Hispanic, older, and for larger households and those with higher income, but smaller geographic scales revealed local variations from this national connectivity pattern...
2024: PLOS Glob Public Health
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tasnim Hasan, Michelle Lynch, Catherine King, Charbel Wehbe, Martin Plymoth, Md Saiful Islam, Theodore Iannuzzi, Aiken Dao, Jana Lai, Alexandra Martiniuk, Shalini Desai, Meru Sheel
BACKGROUND: Outbreaks of vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) in health care workers (HCWs) can result in morbidity and mortality and cause significant disruptions to health care services, patients and visitors as well as an added burden on the health system. This scoping review is aimed to describe the epidemiology of VPD outbreaks in HCW, caused by diseases which are prevented by the ten vaccines recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) for HCWs. METHODS: In April 2022 CINAHL, MEDLINE, Global Health and EMBASE were searched for all articles reporting on VPD outbreaks in HCWs since the year 2000...
April 17, 2024: Clinical Infectious Diseases
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