keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38489823/performance-of-the-impact-and-crash-prognostic-models-for-traumatic-brain-injury-in-a-contemporary-multicenter-cohort-a-track-tbi-study
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John K Yue, Young M Lee, Xiaoying Sun, Thomas A van Essen, Mahmoud M Elguindy, Patrick J Belton, Dana Pisică, Ana Mikolic, Hansen Deng, John H Kanter, Michael A McCrea, Yelena G Bodien, Gabriela G Satris, Justin C Wong, Vardhaan S Ambati, Ramesh Grandhi, Ava M Puccio, Pratik Mukherjee, Alex B Valadka, Phiroz E Tarapore, Michael C Huang, Anthony M DiGiorgio, Amy J Markowitz, Esther L Yuh, David O Okonkwo, Ewout W Steyerberg, Hester F Lingsma, David K Menon, Andrew I R Maas, Sonia Jain, Geoffrey T Manley
OBJECTIVE: The International Mission on Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials in Traumatic Brain Injury (IMPACT) and Corticosteroid Randomization After Significant Head Injury (CRASH) prognostic models for mortality and outcome after traumatic brain injury (TBI) were developed using data from 1984 to 2004. This study examined IMPACT and CRASH model performances in a contemporary cohort of US patients. METHODS: The prospective 18-center Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TRACK-TBI) study (enrollment years 2014-2018) enrolled subjects aged ≥ 17 years who presented to level I trauma centers and received head CT within 24 hours of TBI...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488957/topical-steroids-or-emollients-does-order-matter
#22
REVIEW
Kripa Ahuja, Peter A Lio
Topical corticosteroids, topical steroid-sparing agents, and emollients are all used to treat atopic dermatitis. However, there are no formal guidelines dictating the order and timing in which these topical modalities should be applied. Additionally, the order of application may change drug absorption, efficacy, and distribution. This is especially important for patients with atopic dermatitis. These patients have a dysfunctional skin barrier, which can lead to greater systemic absorption of drugs. Moreover, children already have an increased rate of systemic absorption due to a higher ratio of body surface area to body weight...
March 15, 2024: Archives of Dermatological Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488946/iscev-standard-for-clinical-pattern-electroretinography-2024-update
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D A Thompson, M Bach, J J McAnany, M Šuštar Habjan, S Viswanathan, A G Robson
The pattern electroretinogram (PERG) is a localized retinal response evoked by a contrast-reversing pattern, usually a black and white checkerboard, which provides information about macular and retinal ganglion cell function. This document, from the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV; www.iscev.org ) presents an updated and revised Standard for clinical PERG testing. This replaces the 2013 and all earlier versions. Minimum protocols for basic PERG stimuli, recording methods and reporting are specified, to promote consistency of methods for diagnosis and monitoring purposes, while responding to evolving clinical practices and technology...
March 15, 2024: Documenta Ophthalmologica. Advances in Ophthalmology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485627/-update-for-cord-blood-unit-selection-in-hematopoietic-stem-cell-transplantation-workshop-sfgm-tc
#24
Valérie Dubois, Lucie Blandin, Marion Duclaut, Alix Duquesne, Lionel Faivre, Romain Ferru-Clement, Jean Roy, Alexandre Walencik, Leonardo Magro, Federico Garnier
Changing practices and the limited use of cord blood units as a source of cells for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSC) led us to reconsider the recommendations established in 2011 and 2012, and to propose an update incorporating recent bibliographic data. If HLA compatibility was until now established at low resolution for HLA-A and B loci, and at high resolution for HLA-DRB1, the recent papers are converging towards an increase in the level of resolution, making way for a compatibility now defined in high resolution for all the considered loci, and the inclusion of the HLA-C locus, in order to establish a level of HLA compatibility on 8 alleles (HLA-A, B, C and DRB1)...
March 13, 2024: Bulletin du Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38484623/establishing-an-updated-consensus-on-the-conceptual-and-operational-definitions-of-making-every-contact-count-mecc-across-experts-within-research-and-practice-an-international-delphi-study
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
B Nichol, E Kemp, R Wilson, A M Rodrigues, H Hesselgreaves, C Robson, C Haighton
OBJECTIVES: The Making Every Contact Count (MECC) initiative is broadly defined as an opportunistic approach to prevention by making use of the thousands of conversations service providers have with service users every day. However, since its conception, the application of MECC has diverged and developed considerably. Thus, the current study aimed to revise the definition according to current research and practice to better describe what is and is not included. STUDY DESIGN: A consensus building classic Delphi methodology, completed by an expert panel...
March 13, 2024: Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482582/bilirubin-measurement-and-phototherapy-use-after-the-aap-2022-newborn-hyperbilirubinemia-guideline
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leela Sarathy, Joseph H Chou, Giuseppina Romano-Clarke, Katherine A Darci, Paul H Lerou
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Guidelines for the management of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia have helped to reduce rates of significant hyperbilirubinemia. However, recent evidence suggesting overtreatment and potential harms of phototherapy have informed the American Academy of Pediatrics clinical practice guideline revision and the accompanying increase in phototherapy thresholds. These changes are predicted to safely reduce overuse; however, to date, the exact effect of these guidelines has not been established...
March 14, 2024: Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38480108/-ambulatory-blood-pressure-monitoring-adult-and-pediatric-population-a-narrative-review
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A D Sotomayor Julio, L P Montana-Jimenez, W Bernal Torres, J D López Ponce de León, J A Zambrano Franco, A Coca, M Camafort, C Vesga Reyes
Hypertension has become a central risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, underscoring the importance of its accurate diagnosis. Numerous studies have established a close relationship between elevated systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure and an increased risk of cardiovascular event (CVE). Traditionally, blood pressure (BP) measurements performed in clinical settings have been the main method for diagnosing and assessing hypertension. However, in recent years, it has been recognized that BP measurements obtained outside the clinical setting, using self-monitoring blood pressure (SMBP) and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), offer a more realistic perspective of patients' daily lives and therefore provide more reliable results...
March 12, 2024: Hipertensión y Riesgo Vascular
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38480047/systematic-review-on-surveillance-for-non-resected-branch-duct-intraductal-papillary-mucinous-neoplasms-of-the-pancreas
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sayada Zartasha Kazmi, Hye-Sol Jung, Youngmin Han, Won-Gun Yun, Young Jae Cho, Mirang Lee, Wooil Kwon, Carlos Fernandez-Del Castillo, Marco Del Chiaro, Giovanni Marchegiani, Brian K P Goh, Susumu Hijioka, Shounak Majumder, Yousuke Nakai, Aesun Shin, Jin-Young Jang
BACKGROUND: The management of branch-duct type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMN) varies in existing guidelines. This study investigated the optimal surveillance protocol and safe discontinuation of surveillance considering natural history in non-resected IPMN, by systematically reviewing the published literature. METHODS: This review was guided by PRISMA. Research questions were framed in PICO format "CQ1-1: Is size criteria helpful to determine surveillance period? CQ1-2: How often should surveillance be carried out? CQ1-3: When should surveillance be discontinued? CQ1-4: Is nomogram predicting malignancy useful during surveillance?"...
February 28, 2024: Pancreatology: Official Journal of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) ... [et Al.]
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478799/endocrine-and-targeted-therapy-for-hormone-receptor-positive-human-epidermal-growth-factor-receptor-2-negative-metastatic-breast-cancer-capivasertib-fulvestrant-asco-rapid-recommendation-update
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Harold J Burstein, Angela DeMichele, Lesley Fallowfield, Mark R Somerfield, N Lynn Henry
ASCO Rapid Recommendation Updates highlight revisions to select ASCO guideline recommendations as a response to the emergence of new and practice-changing data. The rapid updates are supported by an evidence review and follow the guideline development processes outlined in the ASCO Guideline Methodology Manual. The goal of these articles is to disseminate updated recommendations, in a timely manner, to better inform health practitioners and the public on the best available cancer care options. Guidelines and updates are not intended to substitute for independent professional judgment of the treating provider and do not account for individual variation among patients...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Clinical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468110/institution-wide-retreats-foster-organizational-learning-and-action-at-a-comprehensive-cancer-center
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin R Schrank, John A Fuller, Colleen M Gallagher, Van K Morris, Emma B Holliday, Kelly Merriman, Lynne Nguyen, Lou Weaver, Kelly Nelson, Elizabeth Chiao, Albert C Koong, Ernest Hawk, Shine Chang
Providing safe and informed healthcare for sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals with cancer is stymied by the lack of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data reliably available in health records and by insufficient training for staff. Approaches that support institutional learning, especially around sensitive topics, are essential for hospitals seeking to improve practices impacting patient safety and research. We engineered annual institutional retreats to identify and unify stakeholders, promote awareness of gaps and needs, identify initiatives, minimize redundant projects, and coordinate efforts that promote improvements in SGM cancer care, education, and research...
March 12, 2024: Journal of Cancer Education: the Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38468076/exercising-medical-judgement-resuscitation-and-decision-making-for-end-of-life%C3%A2-care-a-new-policy-from-the-college-of-physician-and-surgeons-of-ontario
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Henry Ajzenberg, Eoin Connolly, Kathryn Morrison, Simon Oczkowski
In March 2023, the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario (CPSO) updated their policy entitled Decision-Making for End-of-Life Care. This policy will significantly change the landscape and clinical practice in Canada's most populous province with respect to decision-making for resuscitation. The update interrupts approximately eight years of CPSO policy that has mandated physicians to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and other resuscitative measures unless they can explicitly obtain consent in the form of a do-not-resuscitate or no-CPR order...
March 11, 2024: Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38466087/challenges-limitations-and-pitfalls-of-pet-and-advanced-mri-in-patients-with-brain-tumors-a-report-of-the-pet-rano-group
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Norbert Galldiks, Timothy J Kaufmann, Philipp Vollmuth, Philipp Lohmann, Marion Smits, Michael C Veronesi, Karl-Josef Langen, Roberta Rudá, Nathalie L Albert, Elke Hattingen, Ian Law, Markus Hutterer, Riccardo Soffietti, Michael A Vogelbaum, Patrick Y Wen, Michael Weller, Joerg-Christian Tonn
Brain tumor diagnostics have significantly evolved with the use of PET and advanced MRI techniques. In addition to anatomical MRI, these modalities may provide valuable information for several clinical applications such as differential diagnosis, delineation of tumor extent, prognostication, differentiation between tumor relapse and treatment-related changes, and the evaluation of response to anticancer therapy. In particular, joint recommendations of the RANO group, the EANO, and major European and American Nuclear Medicine societies highlighted that the additional clinical value of radiolabeled amino acids compared to anatomical MRI alone is outstanding and that its widespread clinical use should be supported...
March 11, 2024: Neuro-oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464272/inferring-stability-and-persistence-in-the-vaginal-microbiome-a-stochastic-model-of-ecological-dynamics
#33
José M Ponciano, Juan P Gómez, Jacques Ravel, Larry J Forney
The interplay of stochastic and ecological processes that govern the establishment and persistence of host-associated microbial communities is not well understood. Here we illustrate the conceptual and practical advantages of fitting stochastic population dynamics models to multi-species bacterial time series data. We show how the stability properties, fluctuation regimes and persistence probabilities of human vaginal microbial communities can be better understood by explicitly accommodating three sources of variability in ecological stochastic models of multi-species abundances: 1) stochastic biotic and abiotic forces, 2) ecological feedback and 3) sampling error...
March 3, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38461127/non-pharmacological-interventions-to-reduce-physical-restraints-in-critical-care-units
#34
REVIEW
G Via-Clavero, M Acevedo Nuevo, D Gil-Castillejos, J J Rodríguez Mondéjar, D Alonso Crespo
Physical restraint use in critical care units is a frequent low-value care practice influenced by numerous factors creating a local culture. The translation of evidence-based recommendations into clinical practice is scarce so, the analysis of interventions to de-adopt this practice is needed. This update aims to describe and identify nonpharmacological interventions that contribute to minimising the use of physical restraints in adult critically ill patients. Interventions are classified into two groups: those that include education alone and those that combine training with one or more components (multicomponent interventions)...
March 8, 2024: Enfermería intensiva
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38458430/antithrombotic-therapy-for-vte-disease-compendium-and-review-of-chest-guidelines-2012-2021
#35
REVIEW
Scott M Stevens, Scott C Woller, Lisa Baumann Kreuziger, Kevin Doerschug, Geert-Jan Geersing, Frederikus A Klok, Christopher S King, Susan Murin, Janine R E Vintch, Philip S Wells, Suman Wasan, Lisa K Moores
The CHEST Antithrombotic Therapy for Venous Thromboembolism Disease evidencebased guidelines are now updated in a more frequent, focused manner. Guidance statements from the most recent full guideline and two subsequent updates have not been gathered into a single source. METHODS An international panel of experts with experience in prior Antithrombotic Therapy guideline development reviewed the 2012 CHEST Antithrombotic Therapy guideline and its two subsequent updates. All guideline statements, and their associated Patient, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome questions were assembled...
March 6, 2024: Chest
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455998/surgical-procedures-for-the-treatment-of-stress-urinary-incontinence-sui-in-the-light-of-the-updated-fda-warning-and-its-effects-on-practice-patterns-in-germany-between-2010-and-2021
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gert Naumann, Markus Huebner, Florin-Andrei Taran, Ralf Tunn, Christl Reisenauer, Felix Neis
INTRODUCTION: Changes in surgical practice patterns to cure stress urinary incontinence (SUI) became evident after FDA warnings regarding vaginal mesh were issued. The primary aim was to describe nationwide numbers of suburethral alloplastic slings (SAS) inserted in 2010, 2015, 2018 and 2021 in Germany. Secondary, numbers were related to SUI specific non-alloplastic alternatives and bulking agents. Additionally, age distribution and overall inpatient surgeries in women were subject to analysis...
March 2024: Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450526/clinical-trials-that-have-changed-clinical-practice-and-care-of-pregnant-people-with-hiv
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephanie A Fisher, Nigel Madden, Mariana Espinal, Patricia M Garcia, Jennifer K Jao, Lynn M Yee
Over the last 4 decades, significant advances in the care of HIV during pregnancy have successfully reduced, and nearly eliminated, the risk of perinatal HIV transmission. The baseline risk of transmission without intervention (25% to 30%) is now <1% to 2% in the United States with contemporary antepartum, intrapartum, and postnatal interventions. In this review, we discuss 3 landmark clinical trials that substantially altered obstetric practice for pregnant individuals with HIV and contributed to this extraordinary achievement: 1) the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 076 Trial determined that antepartum and intrapartum administration of antiretroviral drug zidovudine to the pregnant individual, and postnatally to the newborn, could reduce the risk of perinatal transmission by approximately two-thirds; 2) the European Mode of Delivery Collaboration Trial demonstrated performance of a prelabor cesarean birth before rupture of membranes among pregnant people with viremia reduced the risk of perinatal transmission compared with vaginal birth; and 3) the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Network 2010 Trial identified that dolutegravir-containing, compared with efavirenz-containing, antiretroviral regimens during pregnancy achieved a significantly higher rate of viral suppression at delivery with shorter time to viral suppression, with fewer adverse pregnancy outcomes...
March 7, 2024: Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38445559/metabolic-dysfunction-associated-steatotic-liver-disease-update-and-impact-of-new-nomenclature-on-the-american-association-for-the-study-of-liver-diseases-practice-guidance-on-nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fasiha Kanwal, Brent A Neuschwander-Tetri, Rohit Loomba, Mary E Rinella
This commentary discusses how clinicians and various stakeholders can utilize the recently published American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (AASLD NAFLD) Practice Guidance in light of the change in the nomenclature to steatotic liver disease and its subcategories. The new terminologies explained in this commentary make it easier for the readers to interchangeably use metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in place of NAFLD and metabolic-dysfunction associated steatohepatitis (MASH) instead of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), respectively, as they read the NAFLD Practice Guidance...
November 9, 2023: Hepatology: Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442198/undergraduate-medical-education-curriculum-reforms-in-pakistan-a-mixed-methods-study-of-academic-leadership-perspectives
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Saqib Kamran Bakhshi, Noreen Afzal, Asma Altaf Hussain Merchant, Komal Abdul Rahim, Namra Qadeer Shaikh, Ali Aahil Noorali, Maryam Pyar Ali Lakhdir, Muhammad Tariq, Adil H Haider
PURPOSE: Periodic revision of undergraduate medical education (UGME) curricula is an essential part of evidence-based educational practices. Pakistan's national UGME curriculum, last updated in 2005, was reviewed, and recommended updates were made in 2022. The authors explore academic medical school leaders' perspectives about the proposed reforms, gaps within the existing curriculum, and how to ensure the reform implementation is effective, collaborative, and feedback-driven. METHOD: Using a mixed methods approach, data were collected from April-July 2022...
March 5, 2024: Academic Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38436396/attitudes-toward-the-american-cancer-society-s-2020-cervical-cancer-screening-guidelines-a-qualitative-study-of-a-national-sample-of-us-clinicians
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandra D Michel, Holly B Fontenot, Lindsay Fuzzell, Naomi C Brownstein, Paige Lake, Susan T Vadaparampil, Rebecca B Perkins
BACKGROUND: The 2020 American Cancer Society (ACS) guidelines are the most recent national guidelines for cervical cancer screening. These guidelines propose two major changes from current practice: initiating screening at age 25 years and using primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing. Adoption of guidelines often occurs slowly, and therefore understanding clinician attitudes is important to facilitate practice change. METHODS: Interviews with a national sample of clinicians who perform cervical cancer screening in a variety of settings explored attitudes toward the two major changes from the 2020 ACS cervical cancer screening guidelines...
March 4, 2024: Cancer
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