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JOURNAL ARTICLE
David J A Jenkins, Walter C Willett, Salim Yusuf, Frank B Hu, Andrea J Glenn, Simin Liu, Andrew Mente, Victoria Miller, Shrikant I Bangdiwala, Hertzel C Gerstein, Sabina Sieri, Pietro Ferrari, Alpa V Patel, Marjorie L McCullough, Loïc Le Marchand, Neal D Freedman, Erikka Loftfield, Rashmi Sinha, Xiao-Ou Shu, Mathilde Touvier, Norie Sawada, Shoichiro Tsugane, Piet A van den Brandt, Kerem Shuval, Tauseef Ahmad Khan, Melanie Paquette, Sandhya Sahye-Pudaruth, Darshna Patel, Teenie Fei Yi Siu, Korbua Srichaikul, Cyril W C Kendall, John L Sievenpiper
BACKGROUND: There is debate over whether the glycaemic index of foods relates to chronic disease. We aimed to assess the associations between glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) and type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, diabetes-related cancers, and all-cause mortality. METHODS: We did a meta-analysis of large cohorts (≥100 000 participants) identified from the Richard Doll Consortium. We searched the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus for cohorts that prospectively examined associations between GI or GL and chronic disease outcomes published from database inception to Aug 4, 2023...
February 2024: Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brenan Durainayagam, Cameron J Mitchell, Amber M Milan, Marlena C Kruger, Nicole C Roy, Karl Fraser, David Cameron-Smith
BACKGROUND: Metabolomic dysregulation following a meal in overweight individuals with the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) involves multiple pathways of nutrient storage and oxidation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study was to perform an acute cross-over intervention to examine the interactive actions of meal glycaemic load (GL) on the dynamic responses of the plasma metabolome in overweight females. METHODS: Postmenopausal women [63 ± 1...
April 21, 2023: European Journal of Nutrition
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hossein Farhadnejad, Samaneh Sadat, Mitra Kazemi Jahromi, Farshad Teymoori, Asal Neshatbini Tehrani, Ebrahim Mokhtari, Hossein Teymouri, Parvin Mirmiran
BACKGROUND: A dietary pattern with a high glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) can be a precursor to sleep disorders that link to many chronic diseases. We aimed to assess the association of dietary GI and GL with the risk of insomnia in Iranian adults. METHODS: A total of 111 newly diagnosed insomnia cases and 333 controls aged 18-60 years were included in this case-control study. The participants' dietary intakes were collected using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire...
February 7, 2023: BMC Nutrition
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhammad Tayyab Khalid, Tanzila Anjum, Asim Laeeq Khan, Fahad Rehman, Muhammad Aslam, Mazhar Amjad Gilani, Faheem Hassan Akhtar, Mungyu Lee, In Seop Chang, Muhammad Yasin
In the current study, Polyimide (P84)-based polymeric membranes were fabricated and used as spargers in the bubble column reactor (BCR) to get a high gas-liquid mass transfer (GL-MT) rate of oxygen in water. Different polymeric membranes were fabricated by incorporating polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as a porogen and a Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF-8) to induce high porosity and hydrophobicity in the membranes. The GL-MT efficiency of membranes was evaluated by measuring the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kL a) of oxygen in air...
December 19, 2022: Chemosphere
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Long-Shan Yang, Lun-Jie Yan, Guang-Xiao Meng, Zi-Niu Ding, Sheng-Yu Yao, Hai-Chao Li, Zhao-Ru Dong, Zhi-Qiang Chen, Jian-Guo Hong, Tao Li
Background: Glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL) and daily carbohydrates intake have been associated with a variety of cancers, but their implications in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain controversial. The purpose of our study is to investigate the association of GI, GL and daily carbohydrates intake with the risk of HCC. Methods: Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science until November 2020. According to the degree of heterogeneity, random effect model or fixed effect model was chosen to obtain the pooled relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs)...
November 21, 2022: Nutrition and Cancer
#6
REVIEW
C M Gaylor, D Benton, A Brennan, H A Young
The effect of breakfast glycaemic load (GL) on cognition was systematically examined. Randomised and non-randomised controlled trials were identified using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library (up to May 2022). 15 studies involving adults (aged 20 - 80 years) were included. Studies had a low risk, or some concerns, of bias. A random-effects meta-analysis model revealed no effect of GL on cognition up to 119 min post-consumption. However, after 120 min, immediate episodic memory scores were better following a low-GL compared to a high-GL (SMD = 0...
August 11, 2022: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mélissa Gentreau, Michel Raymond, Cécilia Samieri, Virginie Chuy, Catherine Féart, Claire Berticat, Sylvaine Artero
Previous studies have highlighted links between a high-glycemic-load (GL) diet and Alzheimer's disease in apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE4) carriers. However, the impact of high-GL diet on plasma amyloid-β (Aβ), an Alzheimer's disease hallmark that can be detected decades before clinical symptomatology, is unknown. This study examined the association between plasma Aβ peptides (Aβ40 , Aβ42 concentration and Aβ42 /Aβ40 ratio) and GL. The influence of the GL of four meal types (breakfast, lunch, afternoon snack, and dinner) was also determined...
June 15, 2022: Nutrients
#8
REVIEW
Alok Kumar Dwivedi, Pallavi Dubey, Sireesha Y Reddy, Deborah J Clegg
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Diet and lifestyle patterns are considered major contributory factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. In particular, consuming a diet higher in carbohydrates (not inclusive of fruits and vegetables, but more processed carbohydrates) has been associated with metabolic abnormalities that subsequently may increase the risk of CVD and related mortality. Glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are values given to foods based on how fast the body converts carbohydrates into glucose also referred to as the glycemic burden of carbohydrates from foods...
February 4, 2022: Current Cardiology Reports
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dietary glycemic load and its association with glucose metabolism and lipid profile in young adults.
Ana Campos Fernandes, Ana Rita Marinho, Carla Lopes, Elisabete Ramos
BACKGROUND AND AIM: To evaluate the association of Glycemic Load (GL) with glucose metabolism and blood lipids among young adults. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study included 1538 participants (51% females), evaluated at 21 years of age as part of the EPITeen cohort. The GL of each individual was obtained from the assessment of their dietary intake by using a 86-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The evaluation included anthropometric measurements and a fasting blood sample was used to measure glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)...
October 16, 2021: Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases: NMCD
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takayuki Inui, Noriaki Kawano, Daisuke Araho, Yukiyoshi Tamura, Nobuo Kawahara, Kayo Yoshimatsu
Glycyrrhiza plants are important resources for sweeteners and medicines, because underground parts of them contain glycyrrhizic acid (GL), which has sweet taste and various pharmacological activities (ex. anti-inflammatory, antiallergy, antiviral activity, etc.). Although such importance of them, their supply still depends principally on the collection of wild plants. Therefore, it is an important issue to develop stable and efficient production system of Glycyrrhiza plants. To overcome this problem, we established the hydroponic cultivation system of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and selected superior G...
March 25, 2021: Plant Biotechnology (Tokyo, Japan)
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Janina Goletzke, Jessica De Haene, Naomi E Stotland, Elizabeth J Murphy, Marcela Perez-Rodriguez, Janet C King
The increased prevalence of obese, pregnant women who have a higher risk of glucose intolerance warrants the need for nutritional interventions to improve maternal glucose homeostasis. In this study, the effect of a low-glycemic load (GL) ( n = 28) was compared to a high-GL ( n = 34) dietary intervention during the second half of pregnancy in obese women (body mass index (BMI) > 30 or a body fat >35%). Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were assessed at baseline (20 week) and at 28 and 34 weeks gestation...
February 26, 2021: Nutrients
#12
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Sarah E Hoover, Barbara A Gower, Yenni E Cedillo, Paula C Chandler-Laney, Sarah E Deemer, Amy M Goss
CONTEXT: Altered satiety hormones in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) may contribute to obesity. Diets with a low glycemic load (GL) may influence appetite-regulating hormones including glucagon and ghrelin. OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that following a 4-week, eucaloric low vs high GL diet habituation, a low vs high GL meal will increase glucagon and decrease ghrelin to reflect greater satiety and improve self-reported fullness. METHODS: Secondary analysis of a randomized crossover trial...
April 23, 2021: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mélissa Gentreau, Michel Raymond, Virginie Chuy, Cécilia Samieri, Catherine Féart, Claire Berticat, Sylvaine Artero
Recent evidence suggests that a high glycemic load (GL) diet is a risk factor for dementia, especially among apolipoprotein E ε4 allele ( APOE4 ) carriers, while its association with cognitive decline is poorly known. Here, we investigated the association of high-GL meals with cognitive decline in older adults during a 12-year follow-up, according to their APOE4 carrier status. We used random-effect models and data from 2539 elderly participants from the Three-City study who completed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to longitudinally assess the association of GL with changes in different cognitive domains (verbal fluency, visual memory, attention, visual motor processing speed, episodic memory)...
November 25, 2020: Nutrients
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Farshad Teymoori, Hossein Farhadnejad, Parvin Mirmiran, Milad Nazarzadeh, Fereidoun Azizi
BACKGROUND: The present study was conducted to investigate the association of dietary insulin index(II), insulin load(IL), glycemic index(GI), and glycemic load(GL) with the risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD). METHODS: This cohort study was conducted within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study on 2198 subjects, aged≥19 years old, who were followed-up for a median (IQR) 6.7 (6.1-7.1) years. Dietary GI, GL, II, and IL were calculated using a food frequency questionnaire at the baseline...
October 2, 2020: BMC Public Health
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eva Fechner, Cara Op 't Eyndt, Theo Mulder, Ronald P Mensink
Continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) have been developed for diabetic patients for estimating and controlling plasma glucose changes throughout the day. However, elevated postprandial glucose concentrations may also be detrimental for non-diabetic subjects by increasing the risk of developing vascular complications and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, CGMs may also be valuable in clinical research and we hypothesized that diet-induced differences in estimated plasma glucose concentrations in healthy, non-diabetic adults could be detected by the Abbott FreeStyle Libre Pro CGM...
June 6, 2020: Nutrition Research
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sabina Sieri, Claudia Agnoli, Sara Grioni, Elisabete Weiderpass, Amalia Mattiello, Ivonne Sluijs, Maria Jose Sanchez, Marianne Uhre Jakobsen, Michael Sweeting, Yvonne T van der Schouw, Lena Maria Nilsson, Patrik Wennberg, Verena A Katzke, Tilman Kühn, Kim Overvad, Tammy Y N Tong, Moreno-Iribas Conchi, José Ramón Quirós, Juan Manuel García-Torrecillas, Olatz Mokoroa, Jesús-Humberto Gómez, Anne Tjønneland, Emiliy Sonestedt, Antonia Trichopoulou, Anna Karakatsani, Elissavet Valanou, Jolanda M A Boer, W M Monique Verschuren, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Guy Fagherazzi, Anne-Laure Madika, Manuela M Bergmann, Matthias B Schulze, Pietro Ferrari, Heinz Freisling, Hannah Lennon, Carlotta Sacerdote, Giovanna Masala, Rosario Tumino, Elio Riboli, Nicholas J Wareham, John Danesh, Nita G Forouhi, Adam S Butterworth, Vittorio Krogh
BACKGROUND: High carbohydrate intake raises blood triglycerides, glucose, and insulin; reduces HDLs; and may increase risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Epidemiological studies indicate that high dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) are associated with increased CHD risk. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether dietary GI, GL, and available carbohydrates are associated with CHD risk in both sexes. METHODS: This large prospective study-the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-consisted of 338,325 participants who completed a dietary questionnaire...
September 1, 2020: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Farah Yasmin Hasbullah, Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof, Zalilah Mohd Shariff, Zulida Rejali, Heng Yaw Yong, Joanna Mitri
The risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases during the second trimester of pregnancy. However, the role of dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) on GDM risk is controversial. We aimed to determine the association of established risk factors of GDM with GI and GL among healthy pregnant women, and whether GI and GL were subsequently related to GDM risk. Dietary GI and GL were assessed in healthy pregnant women from the Seremban Cohort Study using a food frequency questionnaire. After adjusting for energy intake, high GI was significantly associated with lower household income, shorter stature, higher proportion of carbohydrate intake, lower sugar proportion and lower fibre intake...
November 5, 2019: International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kenta Ono, Osamu Tanaike, Ryo Ishii, Takashi Nakamura, Kazuhiro Shikinaka, Takeo Ebina, Thi Thi Nge, Tatsuhiko Yamada
In this study, a simple formulation of softwood-derived glycol lignin (GL)-based epoxy resin with a high GL content of greater than 50 wt % was demonstrated by direct mixing with poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDGE), an aliphatic epoxide, without using any solvent. Because the GL powder produced from poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG400) solvolysis of Japanese cedar softwood meal was a PEG400-modified lignin (GL400), a strong affinity between PEG counterparts facilitates the uniform mixing of GL400 with PEGDGE, and one component uncured GL400/PEGDGE epoxy resin was prepared at a relatively lower temperature (100 °C) than the curing temperature (130 °C)...
October 22, 2019: ACS Omega
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carly B Garrison, Yuzheng Zhang, Sandi L Navarro, Timothy W Randolph, Meredith A J Hullar, Mario Kratz, Marian L Neuhouser, Dan Raftery, Paul D Lampe, Johanna W Lampe
Increased adiposity and diets high in glycemic load (GL) are associated with increased risk of many chronic diseases including cancer. Using plasma from 80 healthy individuals [40 men/40 women, 29 with DXA-derived low-fat mass (FM) and 51 with high FM] in a randomized crossover-controlled feeding trial and arrays populated with 3504 antibodies, we measured plasma proteins collected at baseline and end of each of two 28-day controlled diets: a low GL diet high in whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables (WG) and a high GL diet high in refined grains and added sugars (RG)...
July 2, 2019: Cancer Prevention Research
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mitsuhiko Nose, Kazuma Yamanaka, Shinsuke Hisaka, Takayuki Inui, Noriaki Kawano, Shigeki Hayashi, Atsuyuki Hishida, Hiroyuki Fuchino, Nobuo Kawahara, Kayo Yoshimatsu
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Glycyrrhiza uralensis root produced using artificial hydroponic and artificial hydroponic-field hybrid cultivation systems, we investigated the pharmacokinetics of a major metabolite of glycyrrhizin (GL), glycyrrhetinic acid (GA). Hot water extracts obtained from the roots of the artificial hydroponic-field hybrid cultivated Glycyrrhiza uralensis were orally administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg as GL in mice and, compared with a commercial crude drug, Glycyrrhizae Radix...
April 26, 2019: Journal of Natural Medicines
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