Local anesthetic and children and local anesthetic

Purpose: The safety and efficacy of a novel topical ocular anesthetic (AG-920 sterile ophthalmic solution, 8%) was previously evaluated in adults. For both clinical and regulatory purposes, this new agent was evaluated in children. Methods: This was a Phase 3, randomized, active-controlled, single-masked, parallel-group design study in healthy pediatric subjects performed at a private practice retina clinic in the United States. The safety and anesthetic efficacy of AG-920 was compared with proparacaine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution 0...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to observe the anesthetic effect and safety of intravenous anesthesia without muscle relaxant with propofol-remifentanil combined with regional block under laryngeal mask airway in pediatric ophthalmologic surgery. METHODS: A total of 90 undergoing ophthalmic surgery were anesthetized with general anesthesia using the laryngeal mask airway without muscle relaxant. They were randomly divided into two groups: 45 children who received propofol-remifentanil intravenous anesthesia combined with regional block (LG group), and 45 children who received total intravenous anesthesia (G group)...

OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of different local anesthetic techniques for pain management in pediatric dental procedures. Goal is to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of various local anesthetic methods to identify the most effective approach in reducing pain and discomfort during dental treatments in children. METHODS: A prospective, randomized clinical trial was conducted with 60 pediatric patients (aged 3 to 10 years) undergoing dental procedures in a single dental clinic...

BACKGROUND: Dental fear and anxiety are significant challenges in managing behavior in children. Oral administration of sucrose or sweet-tasting solutions has shown effectiveness in reducing procedural pain in infants and neonates. This study aimed to investigate whether pre-application of sucrose solution had an effect on minimizing pain perception during injection and to assess the potential impact of the child's age and sweet preference. METHODS: A randomized control clinical trial was conducted on 60 children aged 3-9 years requiring buccal infiltration injections...

BACKGROUND: In pediatric dentistry, fear and anxiety are common among children. Local anesthetics (LA) are widely used to control pain and reduce discomfort in children during dental treatment. Topical anesthetics play a vital role in reducing pain and the unpleasant sensation of a needle puncture in children. Peppermint oil has been extensively used for various diseases. However, its anesthetic properties remain unknown. Peppermint oil, used in mouthwashes, toothpastes, and other topical preparations has analgesic, anesthetic, and antiseptic properties...

INTRODUCTION: Systemic toxicity of eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream is rare and is most commonly observed in children, for example, upon extensive application, and rarely occurs in adults with certain dispositions. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a 71-year-old man who developed methemoglobinemia and systemic intoxication upon topical application of EMLA cream for leg ulcer and stasis dermatitis prior to surgical debridement. Approximately 45 min after application, the patient was found to be in a somnolent state, was unable to articulate, and showed peripheral cyanosis...

Background : The injection of local anesthetics is the procedure that still causes the most fear and anxiety in a dental session; to minimize this problem, we can use topical anesthesia. The aim of this study is to analyze the tolerability and the clinical efficacy in the control of pain, during the subsequent injection of the local anesthetic, of an experimental anesthetic patch with a new formulation, which was previously tested in gel formula. Methods : A total of 150 children, aged 4 to 9 years, were included in the study...

BACKGROUND: Isolated gastrocnemius contracture has been associated with more than 30 lower limb disorders, including plantar heel pain/plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendinosis, equinus foot, adult flatfoot, and metatarsalgia. Although many techniques are available for gastrocnemius recession, potential anesthetic, cosmetic, and wound-related complications can lead to patient dissatisfaction. Open and endoscopic recession techniques usually require epidural or general anesthesia, exsanguination of the lower extremities and stitches and can damage the sural nerve, which is not under the complete control of the surgeon at all stages of the procedure...

BACKGROUND: Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is rare, but fatal; the current widely used treatment is lipid emulsion (LE). The goal of this study was to analyze and review case reports on LE treatment for LAST in pediatric patients. METHODS: We performed a systematic review using case reports on LE treatment for LAST in pediatric patients, searching PubMed and Scopus databases to March 2023 using the following keywords: ("local anesthetic toxicity" OR "local anesthetic systemic toxicity" OR LAST") AND ("newborn" OR "infant" OR "child" OR "children" OR "adolescent" OR "pediatric") AND ("lipid emulsion" OR "Intralipid")...

BACKGROUND: Pediatric patients often receive topical anesthesia before skin procedures in the Emergency Department, with EMLA cream and amethocaine gel being common choices. The most effective option remains a subject of debate. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to compare EMLA cream with amethocaine gel in pediatric patients undergoing topical anesthesia, focusing on outcomes: first-attempt cannulation success, child-reported visual analogue scale (VAS) score, parent-reported VAS score, observed pain score, child-reported absence of pain, and child-reported acceptable anesthesia...

OBJECTIVE: This study compares the impact of surgical site infiltration of local anesthesia alone to surgical site infiltration plus suprazygomatic maxillary nerve block (SMB) in non-syndromic and syndromic children undergoing primary palatoplasty. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of intra- and post-operative outcomes and opioid utilization in children undergoing palatoplasty by a single surgeon. SETTING: Urban, academic, tertiary care children's hospital...

BACKGROUND: Local anesthesia (LA) during routine dental treatment in children fails in 5%-35% of first attempts. No data, however, are available on the success rates of subsequent attempts. AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of primary, secondary, and tertiary LA attempts (P-LA, S-LA, and T-LA, respectively) for anesthetizing molars during routine dental treatments in children. DESIGN: We retrospectively analyzed dental records of all children (2-18 years) who had been administered LA for the treatment of primary or permanent molars by a single paediatric dentist, between 2011 and 2022...

OBJECTIVES: The absolute necessity of a palatal injection for the extraction of primary maxillary molars has never been explored, despite the fact that it is widely known that children do not tolerate local anesthetic injections into the palatal tissue well. The aim of this study was to compare separately the perception of pain in the absence of palatal injection after anesthesia and maxillary primary molar tooth extraction using different anesthetic solutions and different post-anesthetic waiting times...

BACKGROUND: Local anesthetic (LA) drugs are commonly used in clinical practice to provide effective analgesia, including in dentistry and minor surgical procedures. The perception of a high risk of allergy in daily applications leads to the referral of atopic patients and those with other drug allergies to allergy clinics for the evaluation of allergic reactions to LA. The aim of this study was to determine who should be referred to the allergy clinic for LA allergy testing, assess the frequency of LA allergy in pediatric patients, and identify the negative predictive value of skin tests in diagnosis...

INTRODUCTION: Nerve block catheters (NBCs) are increasingly used for pain management in pediatric trauma patients. While short-term efficacy has been well established, the long-term safety of NBCs is unknown. Methods/Cases: The retrospective chart review includes a cohort of nine pediatric trauma patients aged 3-15 years who received 52 peripheral nerve block catheters and epidurals for pain management. This study aimed to investigate the potential risks associated with the prolonged use of NBCs in pediatric trauma cases...

AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical practices of local anesthesia in children. The study also sought to investigate pediatric dentists' views on articaine infiltration anesthesia and their willingness to use it to replace the inferior dental nerve block in primary molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was emailed to 183 registered specialists. Descriptive statistics along with chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used for data analysis...

BACKGROUND: The delivery of profound local anesthetics helps children receive successful treatment by reducing fear, anxiety, and discomfort during dental procedures. Local anesthetic injections are the most anticipated stimuli in dental surgery. Children's perceptions of pain can be altered by applying cryotherapy to precool the oral mucosa or by diverting their minds through taste distractions before administering local anesthetic injections. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of cryoanesthesia and xylitol sweet-tasting solution at the injection site in 7-10-year-old children...

OBJECTIVE: To appraise the degree of intraoperative palatal lengthening with the modified Furlow small double-opposing Z-plasty (sDOZ). DESIGN: Retrospective single-surgeon (R.D.) study. PATIENTS: Nonsyndromic children (n = 167) with Veau types I to IV cleft palates who underwent primary sDOZ palatoplasty. INTERVENTIONS: Intraoperative measurements of palatal lengths and widths were collected using calipers, paper rulers, and metal rulers before the administration of local anesthetic solution and before the removal of the mouth gag (initial and final palatal dimensions, respectively)...

Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used in all medical specialties, particularly in association with surgery, obstetrics, dentistry, and emergency departments. Most individuals, starting from young children, are exposed to LAs during life. LA hardly induces adverse events when used in recommended doses and with proper injection techniques. However, immediate anaphylactic reactions to LA injections may be a rare but life-threatening manifestation. A comprehensive report of the event and performing a specialist examination are crucial to prevent further episodes...

Aim This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of developmental disturbances in permanent second premolars in which their tooth buds were exposed to mandibular intraligamental anesthesia (ILA) using a computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery system (CCLAD). Materials and methods This was a longitudinal follow-up study conducted in a previous randomized clinical trial (RCT). In the previous RCT, a total of 91 children were included (61 control and 30 cases). A structured form was created that contained details about the date of birth, age, and sex at which the participants received local anesthesia and the type of local anesthesia administered (ILA using CCLADS, traditional inferior alveolar nerve block [IANB], and IANB using CCLADS)...