Mirna mitochondria

Senescent cells are known to be accumulated in aged organisms. Although the two main characteristics, cell cycle arrest (for dividing cells) and secretion of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, have been well described, the lack of sufficient senescent markers and incomplete understanding of mechanisms have limited the progress of the anti-senescence field. Calcium transferred from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 (ITPR2) to mitochondria has emerged as a key player during cellular senescence and aging...

Despite the abundance of registered clinical trials worldwide, the availability of effective drugs for obesity treatment is limited due to their associated side effects. Thus, there is growing interest in therapies that stimulate energy expenditure in white adipose tissue. Recently, we demonstrated that the delivery of a miR-21 mimic using JetPEI effectively inhibits weight gain in an obese mouse model by promoting metabolism, browning, and thermogenesis, suggesting the potential of miR-21 mimic as a treatment for obesity...

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a common complication of diabetes, resulting in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure associated with excessive reactive oxygen species and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis generation. Mitogen-activated protein kinase-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (MAPK-JNK), regulated by microRNA (miR)-210, affects mitochondrial function and is activated by advanced glycation end-products (AGE) in cardiac cells. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), an antioxidant in garlic oil, inhibits stress-induced cardiac apoptosis...

Cadmium (Cd) is known as a female reproductive toxicant. Our previous study has shown that Cd can influence the proliferation and cell cycle of granulosa cells and induce apoptosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the regulation of Cd-induced granulosa cell damage in chickens. However, the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms by which microRNA-129-1-3p (miR-129-1-3p) regulates Cd-induced cytotoxicity in chicken granulosa cells. As anticipated, exposure to Cd resulted in the induction of oxidative stress in granulosa cells, accompanied by the downregulation of antioxidant molecules and/or enzymes of Nrf2, Mn-SOD, Cu-Zn SOD and CAT, and the upregulation of Keap1, GST, GSH-Px, GCLM, MDA, hydrogen peroxide and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS)...

Mitochondria are multitasking organelles involved in maintaining the cell homoeostasis. Beyond its well-established role in cellular bioenergetics, mitochondria also function as signal organelles to propagate various cellular outcomes. However, mitochondria have a self-destructive arsenal of factors driving the development of diseases caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a heterogeneous group of membranous nano-sized vesicles, are present in a variety of bodily fluids. EVs serve as mediators for intercellular interaction...

Small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), particularly miRNAs, play key roles in a plethora of biological processes both in health and disease. Although largely operative in the cytoplasm, emerging data indicate their shuttling in different subcellular compartments. Given the central role of mitochondria in cellular homeostasis, here we systematically profiled their small ncRNAs content across mouse tissues that largely rely on mitochondria functioning. The ubiquitous presence of piRNAs in mitochondria (mitopiRNA) of somatic tissues is reported for the first time, supporting the idea of a strong and general connection between mitochondria biology and piRNA pathways...

As a newly discovered regulated cell death mode, ferroptosis is associated with the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) and has attracted much attention. Nonetheless, the relationship between ferroptosis and PD pathogenesis remains unclear. The GSE8397 dataset includes GPL96 and GPL97 platforms. The differential genes were analyzed by immune infiltration and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) ( p < 0.05), and differential multiple |logFC| > 1 and weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) were used to screen differential expression genes (DEGs)...

Arsenic is a natural toxin which is widely distributed in the environment, incurring diverse toxicities and health problems. Previous studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are also reported to contribute to As-induced adverse effects. LncRNAs are involved in the development of nerve injury, generally acting as sponges for microRNAs (miRNAs). This study aimed to investigate the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory networks associated with arsenic-induced nerve damage. A total of 40 male Wistar rats were exposed to different doses of arsenic for 12 weeks, and samples were collected for pathological observation and high-throughput sequencing...

BACKGROUND: Diabetes is associated with cardiovascular complications. microRNAs translocate into subcellular organelles to modify genes involved in diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, functional properties of subcellular Ago2 (Argonaute2), a core member of miRNA machinery, remain elusive. METHODS: We elucidated the function and mechanism of subcellular localized Ago2 on mouse models for diabetes and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Recombinant adeno-associated virus type 9 was used to deliver Ago2 to mice through the tail vein...

microRNA (miRNA) controls the post-transcriptional translation of mRNA to affect the expression of many genes participating in functional interaction pathways. Selenoproteins are characterized by their antioxidant activity, wherein selenoprotein T (SelT) is an essential membrane-bound selenoprotein serving as a guardian of intracellular homeostasis. During muscle development and regeneration, myoblasts enter the cell cycle and rapidly proliferate. However, the role of SelT in muscle development and selenium (Se) deficiency-induced muscle damage remains poorly investigated...

Light is the main source of energy for plant growth. Studies have shown that I. indigotica is a light-demanding plant and its yield and various active components are positively correlated with light intensity, but no studies of light intensity affecting energy metabolism in I. indigotica have been reported. Mitochondria are the main site of energy metabolism, and miRNAs are important factors in regulating gene expression, this experiment attempts to study the effects of different light intensities on energy metabolism from the perspective of mitochondria and miRNAs...

Mitochondrial DNA is implicated in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) development. We aimed to identify valuable mtDNAs that contribute to the development of HCM. Differentially expressed mitochondrial DNAs (DEMGs) between HCM and controls were screened. GO and KEGG functional enrichment analyses were performed, and the optimum genes were explored using the LASSO regression mode and SVM-RFE model. A diagnostic scoring model was constructed and verified using ROC curves. Mitochondria-based subtypes were identified...

BACKGROUND: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted autoimmune disease characterized by clinical and pathological diversity. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as a critical pathogenetic factor in SLE. However, the specific molecular aspects and regulatory roles of this dysfunction in SLE are not fully understood. Our study aims to explore the molecular characteristics of mitochondria-related genes (MRGs) in SLE, with a focus on identifying reliable biomarkers for classification and therapeutic purposes...

Imbalance in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance are two primary features of type 2 diabetes/diabetes mellitus. Its etiology is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle tissue. The mitochondria are vital organelles involved in ATP synthesis and metabolism. The underlying biological pathways leading to mitochondrial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes can help us understand the pathophysiology of the disease. In this study, the mitochondrial gene expression dataset were retrieved from the GSE22309, GSE25462, and GSE18732 using Mitocarta 3...

This study aimed to investigate the morphological, functional and molecular changes in frozen-thawed ram sperm using an extender containing different concentrations of hydrated carbon 60 fullerene (C60 HyFn), a nanotechnological product. Semen taken from each of the seven Akkaraman rams were pooled. Semen collection was done twice a week and it continued for 3 weeks. Each pooled semen sample was divided into six equal groups and diluted with tris + egg yolk extender including 0 (control), 200, 400, 800 nM, 1 and 5 μM concentrations of C60 HyFn at 37°C...

Oncocytic carcinoma of the breast is rare and its molecular profiles remain poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have been identified as contributors to carcinogenesis at the post-transcriptional level; thus, an aberrant expression of miRNAs has attracted attention as a potential biomarker of numerous diseases, including cancer. The present study reports the case of a 76-year-old woman diagnosed with oncocytic carcinoma of the breast. Considering the distinctive feature of oncocytic carcinoma of the breast, which is the presence of granular eosinophilic cytoplasm containing numerous mitochondria, the present study hypothesized that the expression of mitochondria-related miRNAs could be altered in oncocytic carcinomas...

Smooth muscle cells transition reversibly between contractile and non-contractile phenotypes in response to diverse influences, including many from mitochondria. Numerous molecules including myocardin, pro-contractile miRNAs, and the mitochondrial protein Prohibitin-2 promote contractile differentiation; this is opposed by mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), high lactate concentrations, and metabolic reprogramming induced by mitophagy and/or mitochondrial fission. A major pathway through which vascular pathologies such as oncogenic transformation, pulmonary hypertension, and atherosclerosis cause loss of vascular contractility is by enhancing mitophagy and mitochondrial fission with secondary effects on smooth muscle phenotype...

Mitochondrial dysfunction is known to play a critical role in the development of cardiomyocyte death during acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the exact mechanisms underlying this dysfunction are still under investigation. Adenine nucleotide translocase 2 (ANT2) is a key functional protein in mitochondria. We aimed at exploring the potential benefits of ANT2 inhibition against AMI. We utilized an oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) cell model and an AMI mice model to detect cardiomyocyte injury. We observed elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and increased apoptosis due to the overexpression of ANT2...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) surrounds the heart and coronary arteries and is important for comprehending the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to evaluate the expressions of mitochondrial biogenesis- and CAD-related genes and miRNAs in EAT by comparing them to visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in CAD, diabetes, and obesity subgroups. METHODS: In this study, a total of 93 individuals were recruited, and EAT samples (63 CAD; 30 non-CAD) and VAT samples from 65 individuals (46 CAD; 19 non-CAD) were collected...

The microRNAs (miRNAs) are potent regulators of tumorigenesis in various cancers, especially pancreatic cancer. The abnormal expression of miRNAs can be observed in tumor cells. Noteworthy, miRNAs could be transferred by exosomes as small extracellular vesicles in regulation of carcinogenesis. This research focused on exploring the roles and mechanisms of exosomal miR-484, derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), in the context of molecular interactions and regulation of mitochondrial metabolism...