Duplex scan

PURPOSE: This study aims to highlight presentations, acute findings and imaging phenotypes of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) within 30 days of a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). METHODS: A retrospective review of patients diagnosed with aortic valve disease who underwent a TAVR between Jan 2015 and Nov 2021 at a large academic medical center was completed. From an initial 1271 patients, 146 were included based on their presentation to the ED within 30 days post-TAVR procedure...

Iatrogenic venous compression syndrome is defined by extrinsic vein compression due to medical hardware, particularly relevant after joint replacement surgeries. Inserting medical hardware can lead to immediate risks such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolisms due to local tissue inflammation. The long-term issues include venous insufficiency due to chronic vessel irritation, subsequently causing intimal proliferation and thickening. Despite the existing knowledge of venous compression syndromes, iatrogenic cases are severely underreported...

The study purpose is to review the surgical approach and evaluate the results in cases of head and neck malignancies with internal carotid artery invasion. The anatomical site of the primary tumor varied including a fixed massive metastatic neck disease of an occult intraoral carcinoma of the right tonsil, a recurrent metastatic neck tumor after laryngectomy for glottic primary carcinoma and a metastatic malignant melanoma of an unknown primary origin. In all cases carotid artery was invaded and therefore resected...

Intra-operative duplex ultrasound in renal transplantation was first described in 1998 and whilst reported in problematic cases, there are few reports of its routine use and no current published protocols. Since 2013, we have used intra-operative ultrasound in all renal transplants. The formal protocol used since August 2020 is presented as a reference document for other transplant centres. A Canon Aplio 800 ultrasound system with an i22LH8 hockey-stick transducer is used to image the renal cortex and major vessels, and an i8CX1 matrix transducer to image the graft during and after fascial closure...

BACKGROUND: Arteriovenous (AV) grafts often develop severe complications of stenosis due to neointimal proliferation that occurs either at the venous anastomosis site or at the outflow receiving vein. This study compares primary patency during 12 months of follow up for a new experimental Biomodics© interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) drug-eluting graft prototype with state-of-the-art GORE® ACUSEAL (ACUSEAL) in an AV graft model in sheep. METHODS AND RESULTS: An end-to-end bypass from the common carotid artery to the jugularis vein was performed bilaterally in 12 sheep...

OBJECTIVES: Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES) is a rare condition where musculoskeletal structures compress the popliteal artery (POPA) leading to vascular compromise. This study investigates the effect of dynamic plantar- and dorsi-flexion loading on POPA hemodynamic parameters to develop a robust diagnostic ultrasound-based protocol for diagnosing functional PAES. METHODS: Healthy individuals (n = 20), recreational athletes (n = 20), and symptomatic (n = 20) PAES patients were consented...

RNA-guided enzymes must quickly search a vast sequence space for their targets. This search is aided by chaperones such as Hfq, a protein that mediates regulation by bacterial small RNAs (sRNAs). How RNA binding proteins enhance this search is little known. Using single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer, we show that E. coli Hfq performs a one-dimensional scan in which compaction of the target RNA delivers sRNAs to sites distant from the location of Hfq recruitment. We also show that Hfq can transfer an sRNA between different target sites in a single mRNA, favoring the most stable duplex...

OBJECTIVES: Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) is defined as the presence of multiple noncommunicating cysts of various sizes, detected sonographically, without evidence of functioning renal parenchyma on dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scan. It has an incidence of 1:4000 live births. They are more commonly diagnosed in boys, usually on the left side, but may also be bilateral. There is the presence of primitive ducts surrounded by fibromuscular connective tissue. These are because of the disturbed connection of the ureteric bud with renal blastema and abnormal division at the stage of metanephros, resulting in an abnormal metanephros differentiation...

Introduction Failure of infrainguinal bypass grafts remains a major problem tackled by vascular surgeons despite a meticulous surgical technique. All infrainguinal bypasses should go under routine surveillance to pick the grafts at risk for the prevention of graft failure. Objectives The aim was to find out if we were adhering to the European Society of Vascular Surgery (ESVS) guidelines in the management of chronic limb-threatening ischaemia (CLTI) patients, including postoperative follow-up and to monitor whether the patients were having postoperative duplex surveillance scans to pick any graft at risk...

CASE: A 33-year-old man with previously diagnosed lupus membranous nephropathy presented with painful swelling in both legs. Laboratory tests revealed acute kidney injury, and imaging studies by duplex ultrasound and computed tomography scan showed acute thrombosis of both renal veins, the infrahepatic inferior vena cava, and both iliofemoral venous segments. Initially, pharmacomechanical thrombolysis led to an insufficient morphological result. The therapeutic breakthrough was achieved by catheter-based mechanical thrombectomy of the infrarenal vena cava and both renal veins, which successfully cleared all affected venous segments from thrombus, paralleled by improvement of the patient's condition...

This study focused on dissimilar welding characterization of Inconel 600 and duplex 2205 stainless steel using central composite design (CCD) of experiments the response surface methodology (RSM). This study determined the effect of laser welding parameters and the reactions of the temperature field on the melt pool, the mechanical characteristics of the weld joint, and the geometry of the melt pool. According to the ANOVA results, the power of laser and focal distance were found to be the most influential factors on the temperature of both Inconel 600 and duplex stainless steel...

INTRODUCTION: Endovenous therapy is the first choice management for symptomatic varicose veins in NICE guidelines, with 56-70 000 procedures performed annually in the UK. Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a known complication of endovenous therapy, occurring at a rate of up to 3.4%. Despite 73% of UK practitioners administering pharmacological thromboprophylaxis to reduce VTE, no high-quality evidence supporting this practice exists...

OBJECTIVE: Arterial adventitial vasa vasorum (AVV) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of atherosclerotic (AS) disease. AS is a systemic disease, and plaque is not only a local vascular event, but also occurs at multiple sites throughout the vascular bed. Currently, effective anti-AVV therapies are lacking. Therefore, we posed the following scientific questions: "does human carotid adventitial vasa vasorum density reflect plaque neovascularization and intimal-media hyperplasia in carotid?"; and "is it possible to reduce human AVV density by sonodynamic therapy (SDT)?" METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 160 patients with carotid atherosclerosis...

Multiplexing is a valuable strategy to boost throughput and improve clinical accuracy. Exploiting the vertical, meshed design of reproducible and low-cost ultra-dense electrochemical chips, the unprecedented single-response multiplexing of typical label-free biosensors is reported. Using a cheap, handheld one-channel workstation and a single redox probe, i.e., ferro/ferricyanide, the recognition events taking place on two spatially resolved locations of the same working electrode can be tracked along a single voltammetry scan by collecting the electrochemical signatures of the probe in relation to different quasi-reference electrodes, Au (0...

BACKGROUND: The measurement of blood velocity in the carotid artery has been the most popular noninvasive method of identifying and classifying carotid stenosis for half a century. Carotid stenosis is an indicator of elevated risk of stroke; anatomic revascularization reduces the chance of stroke by more than half. Controversy persists on how patients with severe carotid stenosis should be selected for anatomic revascularization. Patients with a connected circle of Willis (coW) might not benefit from anatomic revascularization; patients with two segments missing in the coW are most likely to benefit from revascularization...

Background Ultrasound (US) monitoring of arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) presents contradictory findings. These differences may be attributed to variances in the chosen surveillance strategy, the specific type of fistula being monitored, and the precise technique used for ultrasound scanning. In this study, we are trying to assess the benefits and cost-effectiveness of US scanning of AVF. Patients and methods This was a descriptive, retrospective, and observational study. The study sample consisted of patients diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis who had AVF for dialysis either by native vein or using prosthetic grafts...

BACKGROUND: VV ECMO is increasingly used as a rescue strategy for hypercarbic and hypoxic respiratory failure refractory to conventional management, and more than 14,000 patients with COVID-19 related respiratory failure have been supported with VV ECMO to date. One of the known complications of VV ECMO support is the development of cannula-associated deep vein thromboses (CaDVT). The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence of CaDVT in COVID-19 patients supported with VV ECMO as compared to non-COVID-19 patients...

OBJECTIVE: Together with clinical examination, surveillance duplex examination represents the SVS recommendations for follow up after endovascular intervention on the SFA and popliteal arterial segments. Compliance with post-procedural follow-up remains challenging. To establish a post-angioplasty physiologic baseline, our institution began obtaining immediate post-procedural surveillance studies following lower extremity arterial interventions. We reviewed the utility of immediate post-procedural surveillance to determine if these studies enhanced post-operative care...

The Zinc finger and SCAN domain containing 4 (ZSCAN4) protein, expressed transiently in pluripotent stem cells, gametes, and early embryos, extends telomeres, enhances genome stability, and improves karyotypes in mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells. To gain insights into the mechanism of ZSCAN4 function, we identified genome-wide binding sites of endogenous ZSCAN4 protein using ChIP-seq technology in mouse and human ES cells, where the expression of endogenous ZSCAN4 was induced by treating cells with retinoic acids or by overexpressing DUX4...

OBJECTIVE: To develop indications for surgical treatment for positional disorders of blood flow in the vertebral-basilar territory caused by the damage to the V2-V3 segment of the vertebral artery (VA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and fourteen patients with systemic and non-systemic dizziness were studied. To assess the state of the VA, blood circulation of the posterior cranial fossa and the base of the brain, ultrasound duplex scanning of blood vessels, selective angiography, MRI, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of the brain and neuropsychological testing were performed...