glypican-3

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common forms of cancer significantly affecting the mortality and morbidity rates. The increasing incidence of HCC is a great concern across the globe. The current methods of HCC screening, detection and diagnosis depend mainly on imaging techniques. However, biomarkers represent a relatively easy and noninvasive way to detect and estimate the disease prognosis. New potential biomarkers such as α-fetoprotein (AFP), des‑γ‑carboxyprothrombin (DCP), α-fetoprotein L3 (AFP-L3), glypican 3 (GCP3), micro-RNA, and Golgi-protein 73 (GP73) are being used more often in the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC...

In the post-chemotherapy setting, germ cell tumors of the testis (GCTT) that resemble non-specific sarcomas and co-express cytokeratins and glypican-3 (GPC3) are diagnosed as "sarcomatoid yolk sac tumor postpubertal-type (YSTpt)". The diagnosis of sarcomatoid YSTpt is clinically relevant but challenging due to its rarity, non-specific histology, and negative α-fetoprotein (AFP) staining. Recently, FOXA2 has emerged as a key-gene in the reprogramming of GCTT (activating the transcription of several genes, among which GATA3), and immunohistochemical studies showed that GATA3 and FOXA2 have a higher sensitivity for non-sarcomatoid YSTpt than GPC3 and AFP...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and disability due to injury worldwide. Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is known to significantly contribute to TBI pathophysiology. Glycosaminoglycans, which are long-chain, variably sulfated polysaccharides abundant within the ECM, have previously been shown to be substantially altered after TBI. In this study, we sought to delineate the dynamics of glycosaminoglycan alterations after TBI and discover the precise biologic processes responsible for observed glycosaminoglycan changes after injury...

Herein, we report a rare case of a carcinoma with primitive phenotype (enteroblastic and/or hepatoid differentiation) occurring at a colostomy site. The patient was an elderly male who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer, followed by abdominoperineal resection. A biopsy specimen for the rectal carcinoma before neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was conventional tubular adenocarcinoma. Moreover, a pathological complete response was confirmed in the proctectomy specimen. However, a colostomy-site tumor appeared 6 months after the proctectomy, and it was resected 1 year after the initial proctectomy...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive and lethal malignancy with poor prognosis, necessitating the urgent development of effective treatments. Targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers a promising way to selectively eradicate tumor cells without affecting normal cells. Inspired by promising features of peptide-drug conjugates (PDCs) in targeted cancer therapy, herein a novel glypican-3 (GPC3)-targeting PDC-PDT strategy was developed for the precise PDT treatment of HCC. The GPC3-targeting photosensitizer conjugates were developed by attaching GPC3-targeting peptides to chlorin e6...

Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) that binds to the cell membrane via glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI), widely expressed in human embryos, and is undetectable in healthy adult liver but overexpressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, accurate and sensitive detection of GPC3 is critical for disease diagnosis. In recent years, a series of methods have been developed for the highly sensitive detection of GPC3, but there is a lack of reviews on recent advances in GPC3-related assays...

Jaundice usually occurs in the late stages of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Obstructive jaundice is rarely seen as an initial presentation of HCC, as opposed to cholangiocarcinoma. Various causes of obstructive jaundice in these cases also known as "Icteric HCC" have been described such as tumour thrombi, compression, infiltration or tumours arising from native hepatocytes in the bile duct. We present a case of 74-year-old gentleman with "Icteric HCC" that clinically and radiologically mimicked cholangiocarcinoma for which the patient underwent left hepatectomy with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression and secretion mechanism of glypican-3 (GPC3) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells under hypoxic conditions, and its role in tumor progression. METHODS: Huh7 cells with and without the knockdown of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) were cultured under 1% O2 for varying durations to induce hypoxia. The expression levels of GPC3, HSP70, CD63, STX11 and SYT7 in the cytoplasm and exosomes of Huh7 cells were evaluated by western blotting and immunofluorescence...

Exosomes (EXOs) are considered natural nanoparticles which have been widely used as carriers for the treatment and diagnosis of various diseases. However, due to the non-specific uptake, the unmodified EXOs cannot effectively deliver the vector to the target site. In this study, we used pDisplay vector to engineer Glypican-3 (GPC3) single-chain scFv antibody to the exosome surface, and the effect of engineered exosomes on the proliferation and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells was determined by a series of in vitro experiments as well as in vivo mouse xenograft model and PDX model...

OBJECTIVES: The present study aims at establishing a noninvasive and reliable model for the preoperative prediction of glypican 3 (GPC3)-positive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical indicators. METHODS: As a retrospective study, the subjects included 158 patients from two institutions with surgically-confirmed single HCC who underwent preoperative MRI between 2020 and 2022. The patients, 102 from institution I and 56 from institution II, were assigned to the training and the validation sets, respectively...

BACKGROUND: Glypican-3 (GPC3) is highly expressed in testicular yolk sac tumor (TYST). GPC3 has been evaluated as a cancer vaccine for some types of tumors, but little is known on the effects of GPC3 peptide-based therapy on TYST. Here, we evaluated the antitumor effect of GPC3144-152 on TYST and its potential mechanisms. METHODS: GPC3144-152 -specific CD8+ T cells were induced by vaccine immunization and examined by ELISPOT. The CD8+ T cells were purified for testing their cytotoxicity in vitro against TYST cells by CCK-8 and TUNEL assays and in vivo against tumor growth...

Marine animals are a huge resource of various glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) with specific structures and functions. A large number of byproducts, such as low-edible mantle, are produced during the processing of Chlamys farreri, which is one of the most cultured scallops in China. In this study, a major GAG component was isolated from the mantle of C. farreri, and its structural characteristics and biological activities were determined in detail. Preliminary analysis by agarose electrophoresis combined with specific enzymatic degradation evaluations showed that this component was heparan sulfate and was named CMHS...

Glypican-3 (GPC3), a membrane-bound heparan sulfate proteoglycan, has long been found to be dysregulated in human lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs). Nevertheless, the function, mutational profile, epigenetic regulation, co-expression profile, and clinicopathological significance of the GPC3 gene in LUAD progression are not well understood. In this study, we analyzed cancer microarray datasets from publicly available databases using bioinformatics tools to elucidate the above parameters. We observed significant downregulation of GPC3 in LUAD tissues compared to their normal counterparts, and this downregulation was associated with shorter overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS)...

PURPOSE: The pathological diagnosis and prognosis prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is challenging due to the lack of specific biomarkers. This study aimed to validate the diagnostic and prognostic efficiency of Kidney-type glutaminase (GLS1) for HCC in prospective cohorts with a large sample size. METHODS: A total of 1140 HCC patients were enrolled in our prospective clinical trials. Control cases included 114 nontumour tissues. The registered clinical trial (ChiCTR-DDT-14,005,102, chictr...

After an Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) in a zoo became emaciated and died, a necropsy revealed multiple nodules on the liver and lung surfaces. Microscopy revealed that the liver nodules consisted of neoplastic hepatocytes and showed metastasis in the lung lobes. Most of the neoplastic cells in the liver and lung showed positive labeling for HepPar-1, cytokeratin 19, glypican-3, and Ki-67. Hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis were diffuse in the liver parenchyma. Berlin blue staining revealed large amounts of iron in normal and neoplastic cells...

INTRODUCTION: Extracellular vesicles could serve as a non-invasive biomarker for early cancer detection. However, limited methods to quantitate cancer-derived vesicles in the native state remain a significant barrier to clinical translation. AIM: This research aims to develop a rapid, one-step immunoaffinity approach to quantify HCC exosomes directly from a small serum volume. METHODS: HCC-derived exosomes in the serum were captured using fluorescent phycoerythrin (PE)-conjugated antibodies targeted to GPC3 and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)...

The placenta and tumors can exhibit a shared expression profile of proto-oncogenes. The basis of placenta-derived heat shock protein gp96, which induces prophylactic and therapeutic T cell responses against cancer including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), remains unknown. Here, we identified the associated long peptides from human placental gp96 using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight and mass spectrometry and analyzed the achieved proteins through disease enrichment analysis. We found that placental gp96 binds to numerous peptides derived from 73 proteins that could be enriched in multiple cancer types...

OBJECTIVE: The value of DWI and 18 F-FDG PET/CT in evaluating the expression of Ki-67 and GPC-3 in HCC was compared. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-four patients with primary HCC confirmed by pathology were retrospectively divided into high- and low-Ki-67-expression groups and positive- and negative- GPC-3 groups. The ADC and SUVmax values of the lesions in both groups were measured. ROC curves were used to evaluate the identification efficiency of parameters with significant differences for each group of lesions, and AUCwas calculated...

BACKGROUND: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T-cell therapy is a revolutionary treatment that has become a mainstay of advanced cancer treatment. Conventional glypican-3 (GPC3)-CAR-T cells have not produced ideal clinical outcomes in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the mechanism is unclear. This study aims to investigate the clinical utility of novel GPC3-7-19-CAR-T cells constructed by our team and to explore the mechanisms underlying their antitumor effects. METHODS: We engineered a novel GPC3-targeting CAR including an anti-GPC3 scFv, CD3ζ, CD28 and 4-1BB that induces co-expression of IL-7 at a moderate level (500 pg/mL) and CCL19 at a high level (15000 pg /mL) and transduced it into human T cells...

Oxaliplatin (cyclohexane-1,2-diamine; oxalate; platinum [2+]) is a third-generation chemotherapeutic drug with anticancer effects. Oxaliplatin has a role in the treatment of several cancers. It is one of the few drugs which can eliminate the neoplastic cells of colorectal cancer. Also, it has an influential role in breast cancer, lung cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and gastric cancer. Although oxaliplatin has many beneficial effects in cancer treatment, resistance to this drug is in the way to cure neoplastic cells and reduce treatment efficacy...