keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532175/overview-of-the-indigenous-health-of-the-yanomami-ethnic-group-in-brazil-a-public-health-emergency
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nathália Mariana Santos Sansone, Eduarda Vitta, Bianca Aparecida Siqueira, Fernando Augusto Lima Marson
INTRODUCTION: The Indigenous population of the Yanomami ethnic group in Brazil is currently facing a public health emergency due to the high number of deaths, mainly of children. Taking that into consideration, this study aims to analyze this crisis impact on the health of this population in the period between 2018 and 2022. METHODS: The data presented were collected from the report called Yanomami Mission ("Missão Yanomami") published by the Brazilian Ministry of Health and, from it, a descriptive analysis of the Indigenous individuals' health was carried out for (i) the geographical distribution; ii) the number of deaths; (iii) the child death rate; (iv) the deaths of Indigenous individuals from preventable causes; (v) the causes of preventable diseases related to hygiene and basic sanitation, and the distribution of diarrheal diseases according to age groups; (vi) evaluation of the nutritional classification; vii) the percentage (%) of the complete vaccination scheme, and (viii) the coverage of prenatal appointments of Indigenous pregnant women...
March 26, 2024: Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531806/impact-of-the-kidney-allocation-revision-on-access-to-kidney-transplantation-and-outcomes-in-the-united-states
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Oluwasegun A Akinyemi, Terhas A Weldeslase, Eunice A Odusanya, Kakra Hughes, Edward E Cornwell, Clive O Callender
BACKGROUND: The 2014 Kidney Allocation System (KAS) revision aimed to enhance equity in organ allocation and improve patient outcomes. This study assesses the impacts of the KAS revision on renal transplantation demographics and outcomes in the United States. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study utilizing the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network/Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (OPTN/SRTR) database from 1998 to 2022. We compared recipient and donor characteristics, and outcomes (graft failure and recipient survival) pre- and post-KAS revision...
March 26, 2024: American Surgeon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531390/factors-associated-with-maternal-morbidity-among-black-women-in-the-united-states
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catrine Ibrahim Ibrahim Sous, William Moravec, Emily A DeFranco, Elizabeth Kelly, Robert M Rossi
OBJECTIVE: Non-Hispanic Black people (NHBP) have a 3-fold higher rate of maternal mortality compared to other racial groups. Racial disparities in maternal morbidity are well described however there are substantial differences in cultural, economic, and social determinants of health among racial groups. We sought to study the, at-risk, non-Hispanic Black population as its own cohort to identify factors most associated with severe maternal morbidity (SMM). METHODS: This is a population-based retrospective case control study of all livebirths in the U...
March 26, 2024: American Journal of Perinatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530887/key-language-markers-of-depression-on-social-media-depend-on-race
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sunny Rai, Elizabeth C Stade, Salvatore Giorgi, Ashley Francisco, Lyle H Ungar, Brenda Curtis, Sharath C Guntuku
Depression has robust natural language correlates and can increasingly be measured in language using predictive models. However, despite evidence that language use varies as a function of individual demographic features (e.g., age, gender), previous work has not systematically examined whether and how depression's association with language varies by race. We examine how race moderates the relationship between language features (i.e., first-person pronouns and negative emotions) from social media posts and self-reported depression, in a matched sample of Black and White English speakers in the United States...
April 2, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530774/extrarenal-symptoms-associate-with-worse-quality-of-life-in-patients-enrolled-in-the-amp-ra-sle-lupus-nephritis-network
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Philip M Carlucci, Katherine Preisinger, Kristina K Deonaraine, Devyn Zaminski, Maria Dall'Era, Heather T Gold, Kenneth Kalunian, Andrea Fava, H Michael Belmont, Ming Wu, Chaim Putterman, Jennifer Anolik, Jennifer L Barnas, Richard Furie, Betty Diamond, Anne Davidson, David Wofsy, Diane Kamen, Judith A James, Joel M Guthridge, William Apruzzese, Deepak Rao, Michael H Weisman, Peter M Izmirly, Jill Buyon, Michelle Petri
OBJECTIVE: Lupus nephritis (LN) can occur as an isolated component of disease activity or be accompanied by diverse extrarenal manifestations. Whether isolated renal disease is sufficient to decrease health related quality of life (HRQOL) remains unknown. This study compared Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System 29-Item (PROMIS-29) scores in LN patients with isolated renal disease to those with extrarenal symptoms to evaluate the burden of LN on HRQOL and inform future LN clinical trials incorporating HRQOL outcomes...
March 26, 2024: Rheumatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530623/disaggregating-asian-american-mortality-in-drug-related-overdoses-and-behavioral-disorders-a-cross-sectional-study
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David T Zhu, Anthony Zhong, Winnie J Ho, Suzanne Tamang
Asian Americans have been historically underrepresented in the national drug overdose discourse due to their lower substance use and overdose rates compared to other racial/ethnic groups. However, aggregated analyses fail to capture the vast diversity among Asian-American subgroups, obscuring critical disparities. We conducted a cross-sectional study between 2018 and 2021 examining Asian-American individuals within the CDC WONDER database with drug overdoses as the underlying cause of death (n = 3195; ICD-10 codes X40-X44, X60-X64, X85, and Y10-Y14) or psychoactive substance-related mental and behavioral disorders as one of multiple causes of death (n = 15,513; ICD-10 codes F10-F19)...
March 26, 2024: Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529656/addressing-disparities-in-acute-stroke-management-and-prognosis
#27
REVIEW
M Carter Denny, Nicole Rosendale, Nicole R Gonzales, Thabele M Leslie-Mazwi, Sandy Middleton
There are now abundant data demonstrating disparities in acute stroke management and prognosis; however, interventions to reduce these disparities remain limited. This special report aims to provide a critical review of the current landscape of disparities in acute stroke care and highlight opportunities to use implementation science to reduce disparities throughout the early care continuum. In the prehospital setting, stroke symptom recognition campaigns that have been successful in reducing prehospital delays used a multilevel approach to education, including mass media, culturally tailored community education, and professional education...
March 26, 2024: Journal of the American Heart Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529644/sherman-lecture-are-we-aiming-at-the-correct-targets-to-reduce-disparities-in-stroke-mortality-celebration-reflection-and-redirection
#28
REVIEW
George Howard
Although deaths from stroke have been reduced by 75% in the past 54 years, there has been virtually no reduction in the relative magnitude of Black-to-White disparity in stroke deaths, or the heavier burden of stroke deaths in the Stroke Belt region of the United States. Furthermore, although the rural-urban disparity has decreased in the past decade, this reduction is largely attributable to an increased stroke mortality in the urban areas, rather than reduced stroke mortality in rural areas. We need to focus our search for interventions to reduce disparities on those that benefit the disadvantaged populations, and support this review using relatively recently developed statistical approaches to estimate the magnitude of the potential reduction in the disparities...
March 26, 2024: Journal of the American Heart Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529567/meaning-making-among-parents-of-children-with-severe-neurologic-impairment-in-the-picu
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jori F Bogetz, Ellie Oslin, Maeve O'Donnell, Krysta S Barton, Joyce P Yi-Frazier, R Scott Watson, Abby R Rosenberg
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Parents and family caregivers of children with severe neurologic impairment (SNI) experience many stressors, especially during their child's critical illness. This study aimed to examine parent experiences around the time of their child's PICU care to explore ways parents make meaning in relation to these stressors. METHODS: This qualitative study of data from a single center in the United States followed Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines...
March 26, 2024: Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529206/race-ethnicity-and-other-patient-and-clinical-encounter-characteristics-associated-with-patient-experiences-of-access-to-care
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeromy W Gotschall, Robert Fitzsimmons, Daniel B Shin, Junko Takeshita
The Press Ganey (PG) Outpatient Medical Practice Survey measures patients' experiences of healthcare access in the U.S. We aimed to identify differences in experiences of access to care by patient race, ethnicity, and other sociodemographic characteristics, an important first step in informing health policy and ensuring equitable healthcare delivery. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of PG surveys for adult outpatient visits within the University of Pennsylvania Health System from 2014-2017, including 119,373 unique patients...
2024: Journal of Patient Experience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528490/neighborhood-level-factors-associated-with-covid-19-vaccination-rates-a-case-study-in-chicago
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Grace Keegan, Mengqi Zhu, Maria Paz, Hyojung Kang, Ajanta Patel, Arshiya A Baig
INTRODUCTION: Chicago's deeply-rooted racial and socioeconomic residential segregation is a pattern mirrored in other major cities, making it a prototype for studying the uptake of public health interventions across the US. Residential segregation is related to availability of primary care, sense of community, and trust in the healthcare system, components which are essential in the response to crises like Covid-19 in which vaccine rollout was primarily community-based. We aimed to evaluate the association between rates of access to primary care and community-belonging with Covid-19 vaccination within Chicago's neighborhoods...
March 25, 2024: BMC Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528323/profiles-of-latinx-cultural-orientation-among-adolescents-associations-with-internalizing-symptoms-and-moderation-by-ethnic-racial-discrimination
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miriam Ortiz, Fantasy T Lozada, Oswaldo Moreno, Chelsea D Williams, Brendesha M Tynes
INTRODUCTION: The objectives of the current study were the following: (1) to explore multidimensional profiles of Latinx cultural orientation using Spanish language use, familismo, and ethnic-racial identity (ERI) affirmation among Latinx adolescents, (2) to test how Latinx cultural orientation profiles were associated with adolescents' internalizing symptoms (i.e., depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms), and (3) to test whether associations between profiles and internalizing symptoms were moderated by adolescents' ethnic-racial discrimination experiences...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Adolescence
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528179/the-role-of-county-level-persistent-poverty-in-stroke-mortality-in-the-usa
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jean-Luc K Kabangu, Takara Newsome-Cuby, Amanda Hernandez, Benson Joseph, John Dugan, Danny Fowler, Momodou G Bah, Lane Fry, Sonia V Eden
Stroke is a major health concern in the USA, disproportionately affecting socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. This study investigates the link between persistent poverty and stroke mortality rates in residents aged 65 and above, positing that sustained economic challenges at the county level correlate with an increase in stroke-related deaths. Persistent poverty refers to a long-term state where a significant portion of a population lives below the poverty threshold for an extended period, typically measured over several decades...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528178/inequity-in-us-racial-ethnic-infant-health-and-birth-outcomes-the-role-of-the-adult-sex-ratio-as-a-potential-indicator-of-structural-anti-black-racism
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Enrique R Pouget, Garumma T Feyissa, Tracy Wong
BACKGROUND: Structural racism accounts for inequity in health outcomes in ways that are difficult to measure. To conduct more actionable research and measure the impact of intervention programs, there is a need to develop indicator measures of structural racism. One potential candidate is the Adult Sex Ratio (ASR), which was identified by Du Bois as an important indicator of social life functioning over 100 years ago and has remained significant up to the present day. This study investigated the utility of this measure...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527052/codeine-and-promethazine-exploratory-study-on-lean-or-sizzurp-%C3%A2-using-national-survey-data-and-an-online-forum
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Orrin D Ware, Albert Garcia-Romeu, C Austin Zamarripa, Tamera Hughes, Leeza Wager, Tory Spindle
BACKGROUND: The concoction known as "lean" containing codeine and promethazine, holds a prominent cultural presence and is often referenced in mass media platforms (e.g., music and social media). Surprisingly, there's a scarcity of national data characterizing the use of lean. Therefore, the current study investigated the use of lean using national survey data and online forum participant input, and focused on identifying concurrent substance use, exploring co-administration with other substances (e...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526640/racial-hiv-testing-inequalities-in-adolescent-men-who-have-sex-with-men-and-transgender-women-in-three-brazilian-cities
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcus França, Inês Dourado, Alexandre Grangeiro, Dirceu Greco, Laio Magno
Many barriers to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing among Black people exist. This study analysed the association between race/skin colour and lifetime HIV testing among adolescent men who have sex with men (AMSM) and transgender women (ATGW) in three Brazilian cities. This cross-sectional study was nested within the PrEP1519 cohort, a multicentre study of AMSM and ATGW aged 15-19 years in Belo Horizonte, Salvador, and São Paulo, Brazil. The outcome variable was the lifetime HIV testing (no or yes)...
March 25, 2024: AIDS and Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526575/reduced-racial-disparities-among-newborns-with-intraventricular-hemorrhage
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sumaiya Sayeed, Benjamin C Reeves, Brianna C Theriault, Astrid C Hengartner, Nabihah Ahsan, Sina Sadeghzadeh, Emad A Elsamadicy, Michael DiLuna, Aladine A Elsamadicy
INTRODUCTION: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) can ensue permanent neurologic dysfunction, morbidity, and mortality. While previous reports have identified disparities based on patient gender or weight, no prior study has assessed how race may influence in neonatal or infantile IVH patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of race on adverse event (AE) rates, length of stay (LOS), and total cost of admission among newborns with IVH. METHODS: Using the 2016-2019 National Inpatient Sample database, newborns diagnosed with IVH were identified using ICD-10-CM codes...
March 25, 2024: Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526480/differences-in-donor-heart-acceptance-by-race-and-gender-of-patients-on-the-transplant-waiting-list
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Khadijah Breathett, Shannon M Knapp, Sabra C Lewsey, Selma F Mohammed, Sula Mazimba, Shannon M Dunlay, Albert Hicks, Onyedika J Ilonze, Alanna A Morris, Ryan J Tedford, Monica M Colvin, Richard C Daly
IMPORTANCE: Barriers to heart transplant must be overcome prior to listing. It is unclear why Black men and women remain less likely to receive a heart transplant after listing than White men and women. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether race or gender of a heart transplant candidate (ie, patient on the transplant waiting list) is associated with the probability of a donor heart being accepted by the transplant center team with each offer. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study used the United Network for Organ Sharing datasets to identify organ acceptance with each offer for US non-Hispanic Black (hereafter, Black) and non-Hispanic White (hereafter, White) adults listed for heart transplant from October 18, 2018, through March 31, 2023...
March 25, 2024: JAMA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526042/pragmatic-implementation-of-comprehensive-dementia-care-management-the-cedars-sinai-c-a-r-e-s-program-preliminary-data
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zaldy S Tan, Nabeel Qureshi, Erica Spivack, Deana Rhinehart, Dyane Gatmaitan, Augustine Guinto, Sarah Kremen, Nancy L Sicotte
BACKGROUND: The United States faces a growing challenge with over 6.5 million people living with dementia (PLwD). PLwD and their caregivers struggle with cognitive, functional, behavioral, and psychosocial issues. As dementia care shifts to home settings, caregivers receive inadequate support but bear increasing responsibilities, leading to higher healthcare costs. In response, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) introduced the Guiding an Improving Dementia Experience (GUIDE) Model...
March 25, 2024: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525732/adverse-childhood-experiences-and-prescription-stimulant-use-in-adults-a-systematic-review
#40
REVIEW
Avery Beatty, Emily Shepard, Erek Bickford, Lisa Weyandt
Nonmedical prescription stimulant use (NPSU) is an ongoing public health crisis in the United States. There exists, however, a dearth of research investigating specific childhood risk factors that may contribute to this illicit use. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may be a significant risk factor to address in the prevention and treatment of NPSU, as research has provided evidence for increased substance use, potentially including prescription stimulant misuse, among individuals who have experienced trauma...
March 21, 2024: Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland)
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