keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38455346/perspectives-on-surgical-treatment-for-thymic-epithelial-tumors-a-narrative-review
#21
REVIEW
Yusuke Nabe, Masaaki Inoue, Junichi Yoshida
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Thymic epithelial tumors are relatively rare; thus, mostly retrospective studies and a few prospective randomized controlled trials have been conducted on the treatment and the biomarkers, with no standard therapy established. Indications for extended thymectomy, robot-assisted thoracic surgery, and multidisciplinary treatment are controversial. Here, we considered the prospects of surgical treatment and the possibility of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment for thymic epithelial tumors...
February 29, 2024: Gland Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38451524/neoadjuvant-adjuvant-vs-neoadjuvant-only-pd-1-and-pd-l1-inhibitors-for-patients-with-resectable-nsclc-an-indirect-meta-analysis
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yixin Zhou, Anlin Li, Hui Yu, Yuhong Wang, Xuanye Zhang, Huijuan Qiu, Wei Du, Linfeng Luo, Sha Fu, Li Zhang, Shaodong Hong
IMPORTANCE: Neoadjuvant therapy combining programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors with platinum-based chemotherapy has demonstrated significant improvement in pathologic response and survival rates among patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, it remains controversial whether PD-1 blockade therapy given before and after surgery (neoadjuvant-adjuvant treatment) is associated with better outcomes than when given only before surgery (neoadjuvant-only treatment)...
March 4, 2024: JAMA Network Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38446479/significance-of-pd-l1-in-metastatic-urothelial-carcinoma-treated-with-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brigida Anna Maiorano, Massimo Di Maio, Linda Cerbone, Evaristo Maiello, Giuseppe Procopio, Giandomenico Roviello
IMPORTANCE: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have broadened the metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) therapeutic scenario. The association of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) with response and survival in patients treated with ICIs is still controversial. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association of PD-L1 with response rate and overall survival among patients with mUC treated with ICIs. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase, American Society of Clinical Oncology and European Society for Medical Oncology Meeting Libraries, and Web of Science were searched up to December 10, 2023...
March 4, 2024: JAMA Network Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38445936/prognostic-implications-of-tumor-infiltrating-lymphocytes-within-the-tumor-microenvironment-in-gastric-cancer
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marina Alessandra Pereira, Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille Ramos, Leonardo Cardili, Rafael Dyer Rodrigues de Moraes, André Roncon Dias, Daniel Jose Szor, Bruno Zilberstein, Venancio Avancini Ferreira Alves, Evandro Sobroza de Mello, Ulysses Ribeiro
BACKGROUND: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) play a regulatory role in the tumor-associated immune response and are important in the prognosis and treatment response of several cancers. However, because of its heterogeneity, the prognostic value of TILs in gastric cancer (GC) is still controversial. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between the density of TILs and patients' outcomes in GC. METHODS: Patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent curative intent gastrectomy were retrospectively investigated...
February 2024: Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38445519/tertiary-lymphoid-structure-associated-b-cells-enhance-cxcl13-cd103-cd8-tissue-resident-memory-t-cell-response-to-programmed-cell-death-protein-1-blockade-in-cancer-immunotherapy
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chupeng Hu, Wenhua You, Deyuan Kong, Yedi Huang, JinYing Lu, Mengya Zhao, Yu Jin, Rui Peng, Dong Hua, Dong-Ming Kuang, Yun Chen
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Although the presence of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) correlates with positive responses to immunotherapy in many solid malignancies, the mechanism by which TLS enhances antitumor immunity is not well understood. The present study aimed to investigate the underlying cross talk circuits between B cells and tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells within the TLS and to understand their role in the context of immunotherapy. METHODS: Immunostaining and H&E staining of TLS and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 (CXCL13)+ cluster of differentiation (CD)103+ CD8+ Trm cells were performed on tumor sections from patients with gastric cancer (GC)...
October 29, 2023: Gastroenterology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38442487/development-and-in-vivo-evaluation-of-small-molecule-ligands-for-positron-emission-tomography-of-immune-checkpoint-modulation-targeting-programmed-cell-death-1-ligand-1
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karsten Bamminger, Verena Pichler, Chrysoula Vraka, Tanja Limberger, Boryana Moneva, Katharina Pallitsch, Barbara Lieder, Anna Sophia Zacher, Stefanie Ponti, Katarína Benčurová, Jiaye Yang, Sandra Högler, Petra Kodajova, Lukas Kenner, Marcus Hacker, Wolfgang Wadsak
A substantial portion of patients do not benefit from programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) checkpoint inhibition therapies, necessitating a deeper understanding of predictive biomarkers. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has played a pivotal role in assessing PD-L1 expression, but small-molecule positron emission tomography (PET) tracers could offer a promising avenue to address IHC-associated limitations, i.e., invasiveness and PD-L1 expression heterogeneity. PET tracers would allow for improved quantification of PD-L1 through noninvasive whole-body imaging, thereby enhancing patient stratification...
March 5, 2024: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441393/sirtuin-2-up-regulation-suppresses-the-anti-tumour-activity-of-exhausted-natural-killer-cells-in-mesenteric-lymph-nodes-in-murine-colorectal-carcinoma
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bin Jiang, Chao Ke, Hongjian Zhou, Tian Xia, Xingwang Xie, Hanbin Xu
Natural killer (NK) cells inhibit colorectal carcinoma (CRC) initiation and progression through their tumoricidal activity. However, cumulative evidence suggests that NK cells become functionally exhausted in patients with CRC. To deepen the understanding of the mechanisms underlying CRC-associated NK cell exhaustion, we explored the expression and effect of Sirtuin 2 (Sirt2) in mesenteric lymph node (mLN) NK cells in a murine colitis-associated CRC model. Sirt2 was remarkably up-regulated in mLN NK cells after CRC induction...
November 2023: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38440227/case-report-an-unusual-presentation-of-intra-abdominal-desmoplastic-small-round-cell-tumor
#28
Akshay Nilesh Desai, Christine Jane Kurian, William Rafferty, Danielle Lajoie Behrens, Polina Khrizman
BACKGROUND: Intra-abdominal desmoplastic small round cell tumor (IDSRCT) is a rare entity (0.2-0.74 cases per million people per year), which predominantly occurs in young men. It may present as an abdominal mass with pain, distention, and constipation. IDSRCT has a very poor prognosis, with 5-year overall survival estimated at 15%-30%. Diagnosis is made with tissue biopsy. CASE DESCRIPTION: We present a case of a 28-year-old man with a history of schizophrenia and depression who presented to an emergency room (ER) in November 2022 with constipation and pelvic pain...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38439805/clinical-characteristics-outcomes-and-prognostic-factors-in-kras-mutant-lung-cancers-experience-from-a-tertiary-care-cancer-center-in-india
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vanita Noronha, Laboni Sarkar, Vijay Patil, Nandini Menon, Minit Shah, Akash Pawar, Oindrila Roy Chowdhury, Omshree Shetty, Anuradha Chougule, Pratik Chandrani, Rajiv Kaushal, Trupti Pai, Amit Janu, Nivedita Chakrabarty, Kumar Prabhash
OBJECTIVES: Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologue ( KRAS ) mutations in lung cancers, long considered untargetable, have had a recent rise in interest due to promising data of agents targeting KRAS p.G12C. As Indian data are scarce, we sought to identify baseline clinical characteristics, prognostic factors and outcomes of lung cancer patients with KRAS mutations at our hospital. METHODS: Patients with KRAS mutant lung cancers treated at our institute from 2016 to 2022 were analysed...
2024: Ecancermedicalscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38439727/merkel-cell-carcinoma-of-unknown-primary-origin
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Helena Francetić, Luka Simetić, Čedna Tomasović Lončarić, Daška Štulhofer Buzina, Romana Čeović
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and highly aggressive primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma most often occurring in the elderly. Risk factors include chronic sun exposure and immunosuppression (1). MCC is associated with frequent recurrences and a high metastatic potential and mortality rate (1). It is the second most common cause of skin-cancer-related death after melanoma. At primary diagnosis with an apparent cutaneous tumor, loco-regional metastases are present in up to 30% of patients, and 6-12% have distant metastatic disease (2-3)...
December 2023: Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica: ADC
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38434918/post-treatment-neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio-is-a-prognostic-factor-in-head-and-neck-cancers-treated-with-nivolumab
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yoh-Ichiro Iwasa, Ryosuke Kitoh, Yoh Yokota, Kentaro Hori, Mariko Kasuga, Takashi Kobayashi, Shintaro Kanda, Yutaka Takumi
BACKGROUND/AIM: Inflammation and nutrition-based biomarkers, such as the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR), C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), have prognostic value for several types of malignancies. Markers that precisely reflect the prognosis of patients with head and neck cancers (HNCs) treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors remain unclear...
2024: Cancer Diagn Progn
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38434913/programmed-death-ligand-1-unveiling-its-impact-on-endometrial-carcinogenesis
#32
REVIEW
Antonios Koutras, Zacharias Fasoulakis, Vasiliki Mollaki, Paraskevas Perros, Vasilios Theodoulidis, Athanasios Syllaios, Nikolaos Garmpis, Emmanuel N Kontomanolis
Endometrial cancer is a commonly diagnosed gynecological malignancy presenting an increasing incidence worldwide. The immune response plays a crucial role in the mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis and the progression of tumors. In recent times, there has been a discernible surge in the acknowledgment of the importance of programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1) in evading the immunological response of the host and promoting the growth of malignancies. The primary aim of this review is to consolidate the existing corpus of evidence pertaining to the role of PDL1 in the etiology and progression of endometrial cancer and investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the expression of PDL1 in cells impacted by endometrial cancer...
2024: Cancer Diagn Progn
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38431613/targeting-her2-positive-breast-cancer-cells-by-a-combination-of-dasatinib-and-bms-202-insight-into-the-molecular-pathways
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hadeel Kheraldine, Ishita Gupta, Farhan Sachal Cyprian, Semir Vranic, Halema F Al-Farsi, Maysaloun Merhi, Said Dermime, Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
BACKGROUND: Recent investigations have reported the benefits of using a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, dasatinib (DA), as well as programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in the management of several solid tumors, including breast cancer. Nevertheless, the outcome of the combination of these inhibitors on HER2-positive breast cancer is not explored yet. METHODS: Herein, we investigated the impact of DA and PD-L1 inhibitor (BMS-202) combination on HER2-positive breast cancer cell lines, SKBR3 and ZR75...
March 2, 2024: Cancer Cell International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38430041/correlation-between-pd-1-and-spd-l1-expression-levels-in-peripheral-blood-of-dlbcl-patients-and-their-clinicopathological-characteristics
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liang Wang, Congcong Cao, Juan Qiu, Jianing Zhang, Qiang He, Lihua Song, Linna Xie, Ji Ma
Molecular pathology and clinical characteristics play a crucial role in guiding treatment selection and predicting the prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), have emerged as pivotal regulators of immune checkpoints in cancer. The objectives of this study are to investigate the correlation between the expression levels of PD-1 and soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) in the peripheral blood of DLBCL patients, analyze their clinicopathological characteristics, and identify the optimal beneficiary group for PD-1/PD-L1 blockade...
February 29, 2024: Cellular and Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38429886/whole-transcriptome-sequencing-in-advanced-gastric-or-gastroesophageal-cancer-a-deep-dive-into-its-clinical-potential
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tadayoshi Hashimoto, Yoshiaki Nakamura, Saori Mishima, Izuma Nakayama, Daisuke Kotani, Akihito Kawazoe, Yasutoshi Kuboki, Hideaki Bando, Takashi Kojima, Naoko Iida, Taro Shibuki, Mitsuho Imai, Takao Fujisawa, Michiko Nagamine, Naoya Sakamoto, Takeshi Kuwata, Takayuki Yoshino, Kohei Shitara
Advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers (GC/GEJCs) harbor diverse molecular signatures, highlighting the need for intricate evaluations to identify potential therapeutic targets. Although whole-transcriptome sequencing (WTS) has emerged as a useful tool for understanding these molecular intricacies, its clinical implications have yet to be fully elucidated. This study evaluated the correlation between immunohistochemistry (IHC) and WTS, compared their clinical significance, and identified potential therapeutic targets undetectable through IHC alone...
March 1, 2024: Cancer Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425643/pd-1-mediated-inhibition-of-t-cell-activation-mechanisms-and-strategies-for-cancer-combination-immunotherapy
#36
REVIEW
Rui Liu, Hui-Fang Li, Shu Li
The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint of co-inhibitory signaling plays crucial roles in controlling the magnitude and duration of T cell activation to limit tissue damage and maintain self-tolerance. Cancer cells hijack the co-inhibitory pathway and escape immune surveillance by overexpressing the PD-1 ligand PD-L1. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD-1 blocking antibody have been approved for tumor immunotherapy. However, not all patients can benefit from PD-1 monotherapy. Combination immunotherapy based on PD-1 axis blockade substantially improves clinical anti-tumor efficacy...
April 2024: Cell Insight
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425407/progress-in-the-treatment-of-advanced-hepatocellular-carcinoma-with-immune-combination-therapy
#37
REVIEW
Di Pan, Hao-Nan Liu, Peng-Fei Qu, Xiao Ma, Lu-Yao Ma, Xiao-Xiao Chen, Yu-Qin Wang, Xiao-Bing Qin, Zheng-Xiang Han
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a severe malignancy that poses a serious threat to human health. Owing to challenges in early diagnosis, most patients lose the opportunity for radical treatment when diagnosed. Nonetheless, recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy provide new directions for the treatment of HCC. For instance, monoclonal antibodies against immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as programmed cell death protein 1/death ligand-1 inhibitors and cytotoxic t-lymphocyte associated antigen-4 significantly improved the prognosis of patients with HCC...
February 15, 2024: World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38425405/prognostic-value-of-circulating-tumor-cells-combined-with-neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio-in-patients-with-hepatocellular-carcinoma
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jia-Li Chen, Lu Guo, Zhen-Ying Wu, Kun He, Han Li, Chi Yang, Yun-Wei Han
BACKGROUND: Circulating tumor cell (CTC) count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are both closely associated with the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). AIM: To investigate the prognostic value of combining these two indicators in HCC. METHODS: Clinical data were collected from patients with advanced HCC who received immune therapy combined with targeted therapy at the Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China, from 2021 to 2023...
February 15, 2024: World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38423597/association-of-androgen-receptor-and-pd-l1-expression-in-upper-urinary-tract-urothelial-carcinoma
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yohei Okuda, Taigo Kato, Kazutoshi Fujita, Hiroaki Fushimi, Hiroshi Miyamoto, George J Netto, Norio Nonomura
BACKGROUND/AIM: The response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or enfortumab vedotin is limited in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), and the development of new targeted therapy for UTUC is eagerly needed. Several biomarkers, including programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), have already been reported as predictors of response to ICIs therapy for UTUC. Recently, several studies have shown that steroid hormone receptors, including the androgen receptor (AR), are associated with progression of urothelial carcinoma...
2024: Cancer Genomics & Proteomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38418201/identification-of-immune-cell-markers-associated-with-ulcerative-colitis-histological-disease-activity-in-colonic-biopsies
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pavine L C Lefevre, Zhongya Wang, Wendy Teft, Guangyong Zou, Tanja Van Viegen, Bryan Linggi, Vipul Jairath, Brian G Feagan, Rish K Pai, Niels Vande Casteele
AIMS: Accurate determination of histological activity in ulcerative colitis (UC) is essential given its diagnostic and prognostic importance. Data on the relationship between histology and immune cell markers are limited. We aimed to evaluate the association between histological disease activity and immune cell marker concentration in colonic biopsies from patients with UC. METHODS: Sigmoid colon biopsies from 20 patients with UC were retrospectively assessed using the Robarts Histopathology Index (RHI)...
February 28, 2024: Journal of Clinical Pathology
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