Faiez Zannad, Wendy Gattis Stough, Patrick Rossignol, Johann Bauersachs, John J V McMurray, Karl Swedberg, Allan D Struthers, Adriaan A Voors, Luis M Ruilope, George L Bakris, Christopher M O'Connor, Mihai Gheorghiade, Robert J Mentz, Alain Cohen-Solal, Aldo P Maggioni, Farzin Beygui, Gerasimos S Filippatos, Ziad A Massy, Atul Pathak, Ileana L Piña, Hani N Sabbah, Domenic A Sica, Luigi Tavazzi, Bertram Pitt
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) improve survival and reduce morbidity in patients with heart failure, reduced ejection fraction (HF-REF), and mild-to-severe symptoms, and in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction and heart failure after acute myocardial infarction. These clinical benefits are observed in addition to those of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers and beta-blockers. The morbidity and mortality benefits of MRAs may be mediated by several proposed actions, including antifibrotic mechanisms that slow heart failure progression, prevent or reverse cardiac remodelling, or reduce arrhythmogenesis...
November 2012: European Heart Journal