keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536036/the-gtpase-activating-protein-gyp7-regulates-rab7-ypt7-activity-on-late-endosomes
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nadia Füllbrunn, Raffaele Nicastro, Muriel Mari, Janice Griffith, Eric Herrmann, René Rasche, Ann-Christin Borchers, Kathrin Auffarth, Daniel Kümmel, Fulvio Reggiori, Claudio De Virgilio, Lars Langemeyer, Christian Ungermann
Organelles of the endomembrane system contain Rab GTPases as identity markers. Their localization is determined by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase activating proteins (GAPs). It remains largely unclear how these regulators are specifically targeted to organelles and how their activity is regulated. Here, we focus on the GAP Gyp7, which acts on the Rab7-like Ypt7 protein in yeast, and surprisingly observe the protein exclusively in puncta proximal to the vacuole. Mistargeting of Gyp7 to the vacuole strongly affects vacuole morphology, suggesting that endosomal localization is needed for function...
June 3, 2024: Journal of Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536015/bringing-proteomics-to-bear-on-male-fertility-key-lessons
#22
REVIEW
Rachel Parkes, Thomas X Garcia
INTRODUCTION: Male infertility is a major public health concern globally. Proteomics has revolutionized our comprehension of male fertility by identifying potential infertility biomarkers and reproductive defects. Studies comparing sperm proteome with other male reproductive tissues have the potential to refine fertility diagnostics and guide infertility treatment development. AREAS COVERED: This review encapsulates literature using proteomic approaches to progress male reproductive biology...
March 27, 2024: Expert Review of Proteomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536007/acute-myocarditis-an-overview-of-pathogenesis-diagnosis-and-management
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marina Zafeiri, Kristopher Knott, Temi Lampejo
Acute myocarditis encompasses a diverse presentation of inflammatory cardiomyopathies with infectious and non-infectious triggers. The clinical presentation is heterogeneous, from subtle symptoms like mild chest pain to life-threatening fulminant heart failure requiring urgent advanced hemodynamic support. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the pathogenesis, diagnostic approach, management strategies, and directions for future research in acute myocarditis...
March 27, 2024: Panminerva Medica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535979/understanding-multiple-sclerosis-as-a-disease-spectrum-above-and-below-the-clinical-threshold
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephen Krieger, Karin Cook, Carrie M Hersh
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Research in multiple sclerosis (MS) has long been predicated on clinical groupings that do not reflect the underlying biologic heterogeneity apparent within patient populations. This review explicates the various levels of explanation through which the spectrum of disease is described and investigated both above and below the clinical threshold of detection, as framed by the topographical model of MS, to help advance a cogent mechanistic framework. RECENT FINDINGS: Contemporary evidence has amended the view of MS as consisting of sequential disease phases in favor of a spectrum of disease with an admixture of interdependent and dynamic pathobiological axes driving tissue injury and progression...
March 28, 2024: Current Opinion in Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535951/integrated-assessment-for-the-estrogenic-effects-of-pyrethroid-compounds-defining-the-molecular-initiating-events-and-key-events-for-the-adverse-outcome-pathway
#25
REVIEW
Darlene Mae D Ortiz, Juyoung Park, Handule Lee, Kwangsik Park
Pyrethroids, which are derived from natural insecticides found in chrysanthemum flowers, are widely utilized in various sectors, including agriculture, forestry, horticulture, and personal insect protection. Due to their widespread use, concerns have arisen regarding their potential estrogenic effects on female reproductive health. This review aims to address data gaps and inconsistencies in previous studies by defining molecular initiating events and key events within the adverse outcome pathway associated with pyrethroid-induced estrogenic effects...
March 15, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535937/trends-in-mercury-contamination-distribution-among-human-and-animal-populations-in-the-amazon-region
#26
REVIEW
Irvin Martoredjo, Lenize Batista Calvão Santos, Jéssica Caroline Evangelista Vilhena, Alex Bruno Lobato Rodrigues, Andréia de Almeida, Carlos José Sousa Passos, Alexandro Cezar Florentino
Mercury contamination in the Amazon arising from both natural sources and intensive mining activities in the region is a significant public health concern. This metal is used to separate Au from sediments. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess the impact of mining on mercury contamination in the animal and human populations of the Amazon. This overall objective was pursued through a systematic review of the existing literature to assess the impact of Hg and identify gaps in geographic coverage arising from this assessment...
March 7, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535936/identification-and-mechanistic-analysis-of-toxic-degradation-products-in-the-advanced-oxidation-pathways-of-fluoroquinolone-antibiotics
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shuhai Sun, Zhonghe Wang, Qikun Pu, Xinao Li, Yuhan Cui, Hao Yang, Yu Li
The degradation of fluoroquinolones (FQs) via advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is a promising avenue, yet the complete mineralization of certain FQ molecules remains elusive, raising concerns about the formation of toxic by-products. This study delineates five primary AOP degradation pathways for 16 commercially available FQ molecules, inferred from existing literature. Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to calculate the bond dissociation energies within these pathways to elucidate the correlation between bond strength and molecular architecture...
March 6, 2024: Toxics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535870/myxomatous-mitral-valve-disease-in-large-breed-dogs-survival-characteristics-and-prognostic-variables
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mikael Svensson, Jonas Selling, Mark Dirven
Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most common acquired heart disease in dogs and its occurrence in small-and medium-sized dogs has been extensively investigated. MMVD has been described in large breed dogs as well, but substantial knowledge gaps remain. The aim of this study was to provide characteristics, survival times, and prognostic variables in large breed dogs with MMVD. Medical records of dogs diagnosed with MMVD, between 2012 and 2021, were retrospectively reviewed and 202 dogs were analyzed...
March 21, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535775/the-utility-of-spectroscopic-mri-in-stereotactic-biopsy-and-radiotherapy-guidance-in-newly-diagnosed-glioblastoma
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abinand C Rejimon, Karthik K Ramesh, Anuradha G Trivedi, Vicki Huang, Eduard Schreibmann, Brent D Weinberg, Lawrence R Kleinberg, Hui-Kuo G Shu, Hyunsuk Shim, Jeffrey J Olson
Current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for gliomas have limitations hindering survival outcomes. We propose spectroscopic magnetic resonance imaging as an adjunct to standard MRI to bridge these gaps. Spectroscopic MRI is a volumetric MRI technique capable of identifying tumor infiltration based on its elevated choline (Cho) and decreased N-acetylaspartate (NAA). We present the clinical translatability of spectroscopic imaging with a Cho/NAA ≥ 5x threshold for delineating a biopsy target in a patient diagnosed with non-enhancing glioma...
March 20, 2024: Tomography: a Journal for Imaging Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535640/efficient-zinc-vanadate-homojunction-with-cadmium-nanostructures-for-photocatalytic-water-splitting-and-hydrogen-evolution
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Imran Hasan, Adel El Marghany, Naaser A Y Abduh, Fahad A Alharthi
Construction of a homojunction is an effective strategy for effective charge transfer to suppress charge carrier recombination in augmented photocatalysis. The present work reveals the synthesis of homojunction formation through the reinforcement of Cd nanostructures into a solid lattice of zinc vanadate (Zn3 V2 O8 , ZnV) using the hydrothermal method. The formation of a homojunction between cadmium vanadate (CdV, Cd3 V2 O8 ) and ZnV was confirmed by various spectroscopic and electron microscopic techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) associated with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis)...
March 9, 2024: Nanomaterials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535590/genetic-characterization-of-the-rap-1a-and-sbp-4-genes-of-babesia-species-infecting-cattle-from-selangor-malaysia-and-ribah-nigeria
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adamu Isah Gano, Siti Zubaidah Ramanoon, Nor-Azlina Abdul Aziz, Mazlina Mazlan, Mohd Rosly Shaari, Abdullahi Aliyu, Muhammad Bashir Bello, Mustapha Umar Imam, Hazilawati Hamzah
Bovine babesiosis has substantial economic implications in the cattle industry, emphasizing the need for a thorough understanding of the genetic diversity of the causative apicomplexan pathogen. Although babesiosis has been extensively studied globally, the genetic diversity of Babesia species in Malaysian and Nigerian cattle remains unreported. This study aims to bridge this gap by detecting and characterizing Babesia species in selected cattle herds. Our investigation explores the genetic diversity of Babesia species in cattle from Selangor, Malaysia, and Ribah, Nigeria...
March 13, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535583/viral-infections-are-they-a-trigger-and-risk-factor-of-alzheimer-s-disease
#32
REVIEW
Meagan D Rippee-Brooks, Wenzhe Wu, Jianli Dong, Miguel Pappolla, Xiang Fang, Xiaoyong Bao
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a progressive and debilitating condition, is reported to be the most common type of dementia, with at least 55 million people believed to be currently affected. Many causation hypotheses of AD exist, yet the intriguing link between viral infection and its possible contribution to the known etiology of AD has become an attractive focal point of research for the field and a challenging study task. In this review, we will explore the historical perspective and milestones that led the field to investigate the viral connection to AD...
March 8, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535539/-sarcocystis-spp-of-new-and-old-world-camelids-ancient-origin-present-challenges
#33
REVIEW
Sarah N Wieser, Susana M Giuliano, Juan Reategui Ordoñez, Ximena Barriga Marcapura, Luis V M Olivera, Miguel Angel Chavez Fumagalli, Leonhard Schnittger, Mónica Florin-Christensen
Sarcocystis spp. are coccidian protozoans belonging to the Apicomplexa phylum. As with other members of this phylum, they are obligate intracellular parasites with complex cellular machinery for the invasion of host cells. Sarcocystis spp. display dixenous life cycles, involving a predator and a prey as definitive and intermediate hosts, respectively. Specifically, these parasites develop sarcocysts in the tissues of their intermediate hosts, ranging in size from microscopic to visible to the naked eye, depending on the species...
February 23, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535535/feline-chronic-gingivostomatitis-diagnosis-and-treatment-through-transcriptomic-insights
#34
Maria Soltero-Rivera, Claire Shaw, Boaz Arzi, Milinda Lommer, Bart C Weimer
Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a debilitating inflammatory oral mucosal disease with a multifactorial etiology. The clinical diagnosis of FCGS is made based on inspection of severe inflammatory lesions and histological confirmation rather than a molecular diagnostic outcome. This gap limits the ability to provide an early diagnosis. In this report, we seek to provide additional diagnostic tools using genomics to aid in providing clinically relevant information. The use of in-depth diagnostic tools, like transcriptomics of diseased tissues, to diagnose FCGS and stratify patients into predictive treatment response groups would dramatically improve both clinical decisions and patient outcomes...
February 21, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535447/effect-of-iron-concentration-on-the-co-production-of-fucoxanthin-and-fatty-acids-in-conticribra-weissflogii
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ke Peng, David Kwame Amenorfenyo, Xiangyu Rui, Xianghu Huang, Changling Li, Feng Li
The production of fucoxanthin and fatty acids in Conticribra weissflogii has been examined, but there is still a lack of understanding regarding the impact of trace elements, including iron, on their co-production. To address this knowledge gap, this study investigated the effects of FeCl3 ·6H2 O on the growth, fucoxanthin, and fatty acids of C. weissflogii . The findings revealed that the highest cell density (1.9 × 106 cells mL-1 ), cell dry weight (0.89 ± 0.15 g L-1 ), and total fatty acid concentration (83,318...
February 24, 2024: Marine Drugs
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535343/cyantraniliprole-and-thiamethoxam-exposure-changes-expression-of-transcripts-associated-with-small-non-coding-rna-processing-in-the-colorado-potato-beetle
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pierre Bastarache, Kenan Timani, Mariem Ben Youssef, Enock Omakele, Jess L Vickruck, Pier Jr Morin
The Colorado potato beetle ( Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)) can cause extensive damage to agricultural crops worldwide and is a significant insect pest. This insect is notorious for its ability to evade various strategies deployed to control its spread and is known for its relative ease in developing resistance against different insecticides. Various molecular levers are leveraged by L. decemlineata for this resistance to occur, and a complete picture of the genes involved in this process is lacking. While small non-coding RNAs, including miRNAs, are differentially expressed in insects exposed to insecticides, levels of transcript coding for proteins underlying their synthesis remain to be characterized fully...
February 22, 2024: Insects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535175/patterns-of-endemism-in-lichens-another-paradigm-shifting-example-in-the-lichen-genus-xanthoparmelia-from-macaronesia
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Israel Pérez-Vargas, Javier Tuero-Septién, Nereida M Rancel-Rodríguez, José Antonio Pérez, Miguel Blázquez
It has long been assumed that lichen-forming fungi have very large distribution ranges, and that endemic species are rare in this group of organisms. This is likely a consequence of the "everything small is everywhere" paradigm that has been traditionally applied to cryptogams. However, the description of numerous endemic species over the last decades, many of them in oceanic islands, is challenging this view. In this study, we provide another example, Xanthoparmelia ramosae , a species that is described here as new to science on the basis of morphological, chemical, and macroclimatic data, and three molecular markers ( ITS rDNA, nuLSU rDNA, and mtSSU )...
February 21, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535157/pituitary-adenoma-in-the-philippines-a-scoping-review-on-the-treatment-gaps-challenges-and-current-state-of-care
#38
REVIEW
Mykha Marie B Tabuzo, Mary Angeline Luz U Hernandez, Annabell E Chua, Patricia D Maningat, Harold Henrison C Chiu, Roland Dominic G Jamora
BACKGROUND: Pituitary adenomas are benign brain tumors that impose a heavy burden on patients worldwide. The local burden of disease is yet to be established due to scarcity of data. In line with this, this study aims to present the challenges and gaps in the treatment of pituitary adenomas in the Philippines. METHODS: A scoping review of available relevant literature on epidemiology, clinical experience with treatment, health financing, and healthcare delivery system based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analysis guidelines extension for Scoping Reviews was conducted...
March 19, 2024: Medical Sciences: Open Access Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535136/optical-and-electromechanical-design-and-implementation-of-an-advanced-multispectral-device-to-capture-material-appearance
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Majid Ansari-Asl, Markus Barbieri, Gaël Obein, Jon Yngve Hardeberg
The application of materials with changing visual properties with lighting and observation directions has found broad utility across diverse industries, from architecture and fashion to automotive and film production. The expanding array of applications and appearance reproduction requirements emphasizes the critical role of material appearance measurement and surface characterization. Such measurements offer twofold benefits in soft proofing and product quality control, reducing errors and material waste while providing objective quality assessment...
February 23, 2024: Journal of Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535126/current-methods-of-newborn-screening-follow-up-for-sickle-cell-disease-are-highly-variable-and-without-quality-assurance-results-from-the-enhance-study
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Najibah Galadanci, Shannon Phillips, Alyssa Schlenz, Nataliya Ivankova, Julie Kanter
Newborn screening (NBS) for sickle cell disease (SCD) has significantly improved childhood survival but there are still gaps resulting in delayed care for affected infants. As a state-run program, there are no national quality assurance programs to ensure each state achieves consistent, reliable outcomes. We performed this qualitative study of NBS follow-up practices to better evaluate and understand the multi-level, state-specific processes of how each state's public health department delivers the NBS results to families, how/if they ensure affected infants are seen quickly by sickle cell specialists, and to determine the close-out processes used in each state...
March 8, 2024: International Journal of Neonatal Screening
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